This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of microscopy compared to moleculardetection of babesiosis infection in camels(Camelus dromedarius) in AL- Najaf AL-Ashrafprovince-Iraq, started from November 2017 to May 2018.The results showed that the totalprevalence using via microscopic examination and molecular detection method was 17.5%,54.16% respectively,however , the rate of females infection was 10% as compared with males25% by microscopic examination , whereas, the infection rate by using PCR in females andmales, 66.66% ,41.66% respectively. The results also showed that the rate of infection in the ageof less thana year was 6.66% and 28.33% in age of more than one year by microscopicalexaminations, While by using the molecular assay the rate of infection in the age of less than ayear was 45% and 63.33% in the age of more than one year.It has been conclude that PCR has ahigh ability to detect babesiosis in camels as compared with microscopic examination.

The study was designed to assess the hygienic condition of local and imported tableegg-shell at Mosul markets. Two hundred local and imported eggs were randomlycollected from the markets and transferred immediately to the scientific research unitin the college of Veterinary medicine / University of Mosul for bacteriologicalexamination. Total counts using four types of medias were used: Standard Plate Countager (SPC), Mac Conkey ager, Violet Red Bile Glucose ager (VRBG) and TryptoneBile X-glucoronide (TBX) for Escherichia coli and fecal coliform bacteria. Resultsshowed that the means of total viable coliform and E. coli bacterial count in the localegg-shell at different markets ranged from 0.3 to 3 x107 on SPC agar, 0.08-10x107 onMac Conkey ager, 0.014-3x105 on (VRBG) and 0.3-7x104 on (TBX) compared with0.032-5x107 on SPC agar, 0.03-3.3x105 on Mac Conkey ager, 0.014-5.9x104 on(VRBG) with no growth on (TBX) for coliform and E. coli in the imported table-eggshell at different markets. Biochemical tests for local and imported table egg-shellwere performed. It was concluded that the rate of contamination in the local tableeggs was more than the imported one and the isolates of E. coli bacteria were obtainedonly from local eggs on the TBX medium.

The present study was carried out to determine and investigate theantihyperglycemic action of the alcoholic extract and alkaloids extracted from IraqiMedicinal Plant Haloxylon salicornicum on blood glucose level of Alloxan –InducedDiabetic Rabbits (150 mg/kg intraperitoneal) . In present study were prepared arealcoholic extract and isolated alkaloids . Preliminary qualitative tests werecarried out for all prepared extracts and identification bio active chemicals alkaloidcompounds (Acetic acid (amino carbonyl) ; 4-fluoro histamine ; hydroxyl urea; nhexylmethyl amine ; 1-methyl dodecyl amine ; Octadomine) by TLC and GC-MSchromatography . Alloxan –induced diabetic rabbits was prepared after injecting theexperimental rabbit with three dose of alloxan (I.V).Alloxan –induced diabetic rabbit, the results indicated that alcoholic extract and alkaloids extracted from Haloxylonsalicornicum showed significant decreasing in glucose conc. levels. Alkaloidsisolated from Haloxylon salicornicum showed very high activity to decrease bloodglucose levels in hyperglycemic rabbits ,where significant decreasing (P<0.05)was found at second hrs , significant decreasing (P<0.01) at fourth hr. and highsignificant decreasing (P<0.001) at sex and twenty forth hrs. Both alcoholic extractand alkaloids extracted Haloxylonsalicornicum have potential hypoglycemic effect inhyperglycemic induced rabbits

This study was undertaken to investigate the possible protective effect of Ocimum basilicumseeds oil and Linum usitatissimum seeds oil on heart function, antioxidant and lipid profile test, wheninduced acute myocardial infarction in rabbits by isoproterenol. Thirty-six male rabbits were dividedinto six groups: group (C): control negative, group (ISO): received isoproterenol (control positive),(BP) group: basil seed oil protective group, (FP) group: flaxseed oil protective group, (BT) group:basil seed oil treated group and (FT) group: flaxseed oil treated group. ECG and blood samplestropnine I, antioxidant enzymes and lipid profile were done. The analysis of ECG in rabbits treatedwith isoproterenol showed T wave inversion and an increase in heart rate. While rabbits treated withbasil oil and flaxseed oil restored T wave and heart rate to near normal. The results of the experimentrevealed that administration of basil oil and flaxseed oil in all groups caused a significant decrease(p˂0.05) in cardiac troponin I and lipid profile (TC, TG, LDL, VLDL) and significant increase(p˂0.05) in HDL and antioxidant enzymes Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) and SuperoxideDismutase (SOD) compare with ISO group. The study concluded the basil oil and flaxseed oil havecardioprotective and ameliorative effects against acute myocardial infarction induced byisoproterenol in experimental animals

The present study was designed to show the role of green Tio2 nanoparticles against toxicityof Echinococcus granulosus. The present study used 16 adult albino male rats that distributedrandomly to following groups (each group consist 5 rats); control group received ad libidium,second group injected with 2,5 X 103 of Echinococcus granulosus protoscolices third groupinjected with protoscolices and treated with 50mg/kg green Tio2 nanoparticles, fourth groupinjected with protoscolices and treated with 100mg/kg green Tio2 nanoparticles. The resultsshow high significant increased (P < 0.05) in levels of Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT),Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) in group injected withprotoscolices compared with control group. Oxidative stress factor in group injected withprotoscolices show significant increased (P < 0.05) in levels of MDA (malonedialdehyied) andsignificant decreased (P < 0.05) in levels of glutathione (GSH) and catalase compared withcontrol group. While, after used green Tio2 nanoparticles with Echinococcus granulosus, theresults showed non-significant changes (P < 0.05) in liver functions and MDA, GSH and catalasealso showed non-significant changes (P < 0.05) compared with control group. It was concludedthat green Tio2 nanoparticles has been potential role against toxicity of Echinococcus granulosusin male rats.

Parabronema skrjabini is a spirurid nematode of the family Habronematidae thatlives in the abomasum of ruminants such as sheep and goats. The purpose of this studywas to investigate the molecular aspects of Parabronema skrjabini in Basrah. Theworms were collected from slaughtered sheep and goats in Basrah slaughter housebetween the period from June, 2016 to January, 2017, with total number of abomasum'sexamined sheep (576) and goat ( 150 ). An internal transcribed spacer 2 ribosomalDNA (ITS2-rDNA) fragment of P. skrjabini was amplified by polymerase chainreaction (PCR) using a pair of specific primers (Para-Ir-R and Para-Ir-F). ITS2-rDNAsequences by using PCR technique assay which based on a 783-bp long sequence ofthe 28S rRNA gene, the total genomic DNA has been extracted by extracting kit withsome modification. ITS2 homology in different isolates was between (81–86%)compared with the sequence data in GenBank. To our knowledge, this is the first studyin Iraq exploring the genetic diversity of Parabronema in sheep and goats.

This paper was for Groundwater (GW) quality for drinking by gold-standard (GS) athigh-altitude (HA) area, Taif, KSA "VISION 2030 G", GW samples contained turbidity,resulted high in samples (6 and 10); (0.03 and 0.018). Public health (PH) were had declinedwithin GS. Electric conductivity (EC) were within the optimum value, total dissolved salts(TDS) were had lowest value. Total hardness (TH) were of more than (300–500) mg L−1,Chloride (Cl−) ranged from (18-1759) mg L−1 with 30% and 70% samples. Sulfate (SO42−)ranged from (33-2245) mg L−1 with 90% falling above GS, Nitrates (NO3−) ranged from (0–60) mg L−1 with 80% falling below GS. Bacterial types revealed both Gram-positive andnegative were not in samples (1, 2, 6 and 7), both Gram-positive and negative were presentin samples (5, 8 and 9). The arrangement of colony count were in samples (9, 1, 8, 6, 7 and5), that was ranged the colony from (550-15) / mL. The common bacteria were isolatedincluded Staphylococcus Species (Staph. Spp.), Micrococcus Spp, Escherichia coli (E. coli)and Klebsiella Spp. The conclusion were discharged from the results, that did not agree withGS to the community use. The most examined GW samples for drinking water (DW) did notagree with GS, bacterial quality did not accepted from GS, will affect PH. Therecommendation were directed to "MOH", to follow up GW for DW through GS at HAarea, so could using for human as DW without any harm and did'not affect PH.

Concentrations of seven heavy metals (Cadmium, Lead, Zinc, Nickel, Iron, Copper, and Manganese) in five canned fish samples found in the local market Basrah city, Iraq were determined after digestion according to the Association of Official Analytical Chemists methods. Concentrations of metals were measured using the Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results showed that the range obtained for the elements analyzed in mg/kg (dry weight) were as follows, Cd (0.0027 - 0.0078), Pb (0.0048 - 0.0093), Zn (0.0103 - 0.0205), Ni (0.0122 - 0.0128), Fe (0.0149 - 0.0237), Cu (0.0008 - 0.0034) and Mn (0.0014 - 0.0037). The results indicated that canned fish samples in this study have concentrations well below the permissible FAO/WHO levels for these toxic metals.

A simple, accurate, and rapid visible spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of tetracycline hydrochloride in pure, pharmaceutical preparations and environmental water samples. The method is based on the oxidation of tetracycline hydrochloride by sodium hypochlorite in alkaline medium to form a red colored product with an absorption maximum at 400 nm.  Beer’s Law was obeyed in the range of 2-24 µg/ml with molar absorptivity of 1.346×104 L.mol.-1.cm-1.  The relative standard deviation of the method was less than 2% and accuracy (average recovery ) was  100 ± 0.85 %. The optimum conditions for all color development are described and the proposed method has been successfully applied for the determination of tetracycline hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparations, chicken meat, and wastewater samples.

A study using 300 one-day-old Ross-308 broilers was conducted to assess the effects of dried ginger root powder (Zingiber officinale) addition at percentages (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6) % in the treatments T1, T2 and T3 respectively on growth performance, immune status and small intestine morphology of broiler chickens at different ages. Compare with the control group (T0) without adding ginger powder.     The broiler body weight, body weight gain, viability, production index, and economic profit impacted with addition of ginger powder significantly (P≤0.05) increase in T3 at ages (1-21 d) and (36-42). As well as feed conversion ratio (FCR) particularly improved. In addition the morphological of small intestine goblet cells number in (duodenum , jejunum, and ileum), immunological delayed type of hypersensitivity DTH and ELISA titer against Newcastle(ND), Gumboro (IBD) and Infectious bronchitis (IB) diseases of broiler chickens were significantly higher (P≤0.05) at the ages 21, 35 and 42 d. While mortality and H/L ratio were significantly lower in the treatments of ginger supplementation especially in T3 compare with the control group without ginger addition.