The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Cumin on diabetes mellitus induced by alloxan in rats. Male Wister rats were used, and randomly divided into five groups (6-8 rats for each group): The first group: was administered distilled water and served as normal control, the second group: induced diabetes by single subcutaneous injection of alloxan 100 mg/kg.body weight and served as diabetic control, the 3,4,5 groups was administered 50,100,200 gm/kg of rat's forage respectively for four weeks, then diabetes are induced in this groups by same route as above. Cumin treatment in all doses lead to significant decrease glucose levels, and triglyceride and significant decrease in cholesterol level in dose 100, 200 gm/kg of forage and no change occur in total protein level. These results indicate that cumin have a role in delaying of diabetes through the effects of cumin in decrease some biochemical parameters.

This study was performed to investigate M. agalactiae as a cause of mastitis in sheep andgoat and study some hematological and biochemical parameters, for this aims (102) milksamples and (102) blood samples from mastitic sheep and goat were collected . our resultsshowed that detection of M. agalactiae in ratio of (10.87 %) and (16.6 % ) by culture andPCR technique. Regarding biochemical parameters we noted that zinc decrease significantly(P ≤ 0.05) in infected group, while copper, Total protein, Albumin and Globulin levels notaffected. As far as hematological parameters we noted no significant differences betweenInfected and Non Infected group in the level of WBC and Hb while significant decrease inthe level of RBC and PCV in infected group in compare with control group . we concludefrom this study M. agalactiae consider as one of mastitis cause in Salahaldeen province andit affects on hematological and biochemical parameters in studied group.

The genus Salmonella is one of the most important enteric pathogens, over the worldSalmonella Entritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium are the two most widespread serotypes thatlead to salmonellosis in human and animals and are often transferred to humans by infectedanimals and their products. The present study was conducted to compare the culture methods, API20E test and PCR assays for detection of Salmonella spp. isolated from 300 different samplescollected from various sources included healthy and infected human, cows ,chickens, chickenseggs and other sources. To achieve this goal three selective media were used included (XLD, S.S.and KIA agar) in addition to using the chromogenic salmonella media and the result of culturingwas compared with the results of API 20E test and PCR assays . We find that the using ofchromogenic media and PCR assay for detection of Salmonella spp. is more current and efficientthan using selective media and/or API 20E.

This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of microscopy compared to moleculardetection of babesiosis infection in camels(Camelus dromedarius) in AL- Najaf AL-Ashrafprovince-Iraq, started from November 2017 to May 2018.The results showed that the totalprevalence using via microscopic examination and molecular detection method was 17.5%,54.16% respectively,however , the rate of females infection was 10% as compared with males25% by microscopic examination , whereas, the infection rate by using PCR in females andmales, 66.66% ,41.66% respectively. The results also showed that the rate of infection in the ageof less thana year was 6.66% and 28.33% in age of more than one year by microscopicalexaminations, While by using the molecular assay the rate of infection in the age of less than ayear was 45% and 63.33% in the age of more than one year.It has been conclude that PCR has ahigh ability to detect babesiosis in camels as compared with microscopic examination.

Methicillin resistant Staph. aureus (MRSA) was a substantial bacteria that caused diversehospital and systemic infections. The detection of mec gene of this pathogen must be used as arapid screening technique. The current study was aimed to characterize the frequency of mecAand mecC genes in Staph. aureus were isolates which phenotypically were resistance tomethicillin which were recovered from patients with tonsillitis that was happened at Al-Habboby teaching hospital during the period from February to November, 2016 in Thi-Qarprovince/Iraq by using PCR technique. From a complete of 109 (63%) Staph. aureus isolates,only 71 isolates were identified phenotypically as MRSA. The molecular results weredocumented that (62% and 31%) of isolates expressed mecA and mecC, respectively. Sixty ninepercentage of all Staph. aureus isolates showed negative results of mecC gene. The currentresults of were established the significance of mecC gene in MRSA recognition than mecA geneand highlighted the increasing manner of its frequency in south of Iraq.

The present study was carried out to determine and investigate theantihyperglycemic action of the alcoholic extract and alkaloids extracted from IraqiMedicinal Plant Haloxylon salicornicum on blood glucose level of Alloxan –InducedDiabetic Rabbits (150 mg/kg intraperitoneal) . In present study were prepared arealcoholic extract and isolated alkaloids . Preliminary qualitative tests werecarried out for all prepared extracts and identification bio active chemicals alkaloidcompounds (Acetic acid (amino carbonyl) ; 4-fluoro histamine ; hydroxyl urea; nhexylmethyl amine ; 1-methyl dodecyl amine ; Octadomine) by TLC and GC-MSchromatography . Alloxan –induced diabetic rabbits was prepared after injecting theexperimental rabbit with three dose of alloxan (I.V).Alloxan –induced diabetic rabbit, the results indicated that alcoholic extract and alkaloids extracted from Haloxylonsalicornicum showed significant decreasing in glucose conc. levels. Alkaloidsisolated from Haloxylon salicornicum showed very high activity to decrease bloodglucose levels in hyperglycemic rabbits ,where significant decreasing (P<0.05)was found at second hrs , significant decreasing (P<0.01) at fourth hr. and highsignificant decreasing (P<0.001) at sex and twenty forth hrs. Both alcoholic extractand alkaloids extracted Haloxylonsalicornicum have potential hypoglycemic effect inhyperglycemic induced rabbits

During the period from January 2014 to the end of July 2014, a total of 21 fishes belongingto two species of the family Ephippidae (Platax teira and P. orbicularis) were captured fromIraqi marine waters, northwest Arab Gulf. The study revealed the existence of one species ofmonogenean, Sprostoniella multitestis from gills of both fish species. The record of S.multitestis in the present study is considered as the first record in the Iraqi territorial waters ofthe Arab Gulf and both P. teira and P. orbicularis are new host records for this parasite in theArab Gulf.

The HSP70 protein considered as a molecular markers to resist various stressconditions, especially high temperatures. Therefore, the high level of gene expressionof hsp70 gene is one of the ways to resist stress conditions, which can vary dependingon the polymorphisms. The study aimed to determine the extent of the correlationbetween gene expression and polymorphisms to hsp70 gene. The study was conductedin the months: November , December , 2015, January 2016, as the winter season andthe months April , May and June, 2016, as the summer season. Twenty nine Holsteinbulls born in Iraq of known fertility, 2.5 – 3.5 years old, back to ArtificialInsemination Center of Abou-Ghareeb Baghdad, Iraq, the General Company forLivestock Services, Semen collected using artificial vagina method, mRNAextraction, Synthesis of mRNA to cDNA and Real-Time Quantitative RT–qPCR weredone. The results showed significant differences in the level of gene expressionbetween polymorphisms to the hsp70 gene. In conclusion there is a positivecorrelation between the gene expression and polymorphisms of hsp70 gene inHolstein bulls born in Iraq .

The present study was designed to show the role of green Tio2 nanoparticles against toxicityof Echinococcus granulosus. The present study used 16 adult albino male rats that distributedrandomly to following groups (each group consist 5 rats); control group received ad libidium,second group injected with 2,5 X 103 of Echinococcus granulosus protoscolices third groupinjected with protoscolices and treated with 50mg/kg green Tio2 nanoparticles, fourth groupinjected with protoscolices and treated with 100mg/kg green Tio2 nanoparticles. The resultsshow high significant increased (P < 0.05) in levels of Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT),Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) in group injected withprotoscolices compared with control group. Oxidative stress factor in group injected withprotoscolices show significant increased (P < 0.05) in levels of MDA (malonedialdehyied) andsignificant decreased (P < 0.05) in levels of glutathione (GSH) and catalase compared withcontrol group. While, after used green Tio2 nanoparticles with Echinococcus granulosus, theresults showed non-significant changes (P < 0.05) in liver functions and MDA, GSH and catalasealso showed non-significant changes (P < 0.05) compared with control group. It was concludedthat green Tio2 nanoparticles has been potential role against toxicity of Echinococcus granulosusin male rats.

This paper was for Groundwater (GW) quality for drinking by gold-standard (GS) athigh-altitude (HA) area, Taif, KSA "VISION 2030 G", GW samples contained turbidity,resulted high in samples (6 and 10); (0.03 and 0.018). Public health (PH) were had declinedwithin GS. Electric conductivity (EC) were within the optimum value, total dissolved salts(TDS) were had lowest value. Total hardness (TH) were of more than (300–500) mg L−1,Chloride (Cl−) ranged from (18-1759) mg L−1 with 30% and 70% samples. Sulfate (SO42−)ranged from (33-2245) mg L−1 with 90% falling above GS, Nitrates (NO3−) ranged from (0–60) mg L−1 with 80% falling below GS. Bacterial types revealed both Gram-positive andnegative were not in samples (1, 2, 6 and 7), both Gram-positive and negative were presentin samples (5, 8 and 9). The arrangement of colony count were in samples (9, 1, 8, 6, 7 and5), that was ranged the colony from (550-15) / mL. The common bacteria were isolatedincluded Staphylococcus Species (Staph. Spp.), Micrococcus Spp, Escherichia coli (E. coli)and Klebsiella Spp. The conclusion were discharged from the results, that did not agree withGS to the community use. The most examined GW samples for drinking water (DW) did notagree with GS, bacterial quality did not accepted from GS, will affect PH. Therecommendation were directed to "MOH", to follow up GW for DW through GS at HAarea, so could using for human as DW without any harm and did'not affect PH.