The article highlights potential features for the varieties of vegetable bean and actual losses of yield subject to the total amount of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) received over the vegetation period in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. It is established that the potential of the vegetable bean yield in Ukraine depends on PAR received over the vegetation period. All the varieties had their yield upon receiving PAR higher by 0,26-0,41 t / ha compared to that of control. Potential yield of vegetable bean varieties when PAR is used by 2% amounted to 57.25–59.30 t / ha, which was 2.2–3.6 times more than their actual yield. The smallest actual yield loss compared to that potential was inherent in the varieties of Bartoli and Windsor (2.2–2.3 times). The actual yield losses for Karadag and Karestyno varieties were the highest, namely 3.6 times higher compared to the potential prospect.

The article highlights potential features for the varieties of vegetable bean and actual losses of yield subject to the total amount of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) received over the vegetation period in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. It is established that the potential of the vegetable bean yield in Ukraine depends on PAR received over the vegetation period. All the varieties had their yield upon receiving PAR higher by 0,26-0,41 t / ha compared to that of control. Potential yield of vegetable bean varieties when PAR is used by 2% amounted to 57.25–59.30 t / ha, which was 2.2–3.6 times more than their actual yield. The smallest actual yield loss compared to that potential was inherent in the varieties of Bartoli and Windsor (2.2–2.3 times). The actual yield losses for Karadag and Karestyno varieties were the highest, namely 3.6 times higher compared to the potential prospect.

Purpose. To determine the efficiency of growing soybean varieties ‘Ustia’, ‘Cordoba’, ‘Estafeta’ depending on the influence of microfertilizers and growth regulators. Methods. Field, laboratory. Results. The article presents the results of studying the efficiency of growing different varieties of soybeans. It was found that in the cultivar ‘Ustia’ the best values of assimilation of photosynthetically active radiation were obtained for the applications of Yara Vita Mono Molitrak in the budding phase (0.25 l/ha) with growth regulator Radostym, and Yara Vita Mono Molitrak in the budding phase (0.25 l/ha) + in the flowering phase (0.25 l/ha) with two studied growth regulators. Similar patterns of the utilization rate of photosynthetic radiation were obtained for the ‘Cordoba’ and ‘Estafeta’ varieties. According to the indicators of the energy balance, the complex use of micronutrient fertilizers and growth regulators in any case pays off with an increase in the yield, which means it is energetically expedient. The maximum coefficients of energy efficiency in the ‘Ustia’, ‘Cordoba’ and ‘Estafeta’ varieties were obtained with the introduction of micronutrient fertilizers Yara Vita Mono Molitrak in the budding phase (0.25 l/ha) + in the flowering phase (0.25 l/ha) and growth regulators Biosyl and Radostym. However, the use of growth regulators separately does not always provide an economic return on investment. In particular, in the variant without Yara Vita Mono Molitrak microfertilizer, the ‘Cordoba’ variety received 28 873 UAH/ha of net profit, while the introduction of growth regulators did not pay off, since there was no significant increase in the yield, and with the use of growth regulators Biosyl and Radostym net profit was within 28824–29179 UAH/ha. In general, the use of micronutrient fertilizer Yara Vita Mono Molitrak with growth regulators Radostim and Biosyl ensu­red guaranteed yield increase. Conclusions. When gro­wing ‘Ustia’, ‘Cordoba’ and ‘Estafeta’ varieties from an energy point of view, it is better to use Yara Vita Mono Molitrak microfertilizer in the budding phase (0.25 l/ha) with the growth regulator Radostym. Under these conditions, the obtained energy efficiency ratio was 3.24; 3.41 and 3.45, and the profit was 31503, 34072 and 34649 UAH/ha, respectively

The trend for development and spreading of diseases and pests of blackcurrant at Orel region in the conditions of extreme drought in 2010 has been detected. Abnormal weather conditions of the summer and the lack of precipitation limited both growth of host plant and disease spreading. At the background of extreme conditions of 2010 the crop phenophases shifted to earlier dates. The awakening of wintering pathogen structures began in the classic dates of the spring, although in summer their biological cycle went off rapidly. Due to the lack of moisture the disease pathogens failed to fully realize their potential of development and spreading. A favorable aspect of the extreme conditions of vegetation period, the reducing of the protective measures against diseases, is to be admitted. Abnormal weather conditions accelerated the pathogen biological cycles and reduced the stock of wintering infection; meanwhile they provoked colonization of the plants by pests. In extremely high air temperature and lasting lack of precipitation the pests number was intensively increasing, exceeding the maliciousness threshold. Due to the above some additional insecticide and acaricide treatments of berry crops were applied. Thus, the vegetation period of 2010 was described as most favorable for the development and spreading of pests and less favorable for disease pathogens.