Purpose. Studying the norm of reaction of vegetable bean varieties depending on the feeding area, namely the row width. Methods. Field, biometriс, statistical, laboratory ones. Results. ‘Karadag’ (k), ‘Windsorski’, ‘Bartoli’ and ‘Karestino’ varieties were trialed during 2012–2014. In the course of trial the peculiarities were studied concerning the formation of plant height, the number of beans and seed weight of vegetable bean varieties depending on the row width in the phase of technical maturity of the beans. It was found that differential of plant height growth was changed to a greater degree in ‘Windsorsky’ variety (+9,3 cm for every 10 cm) in case of row width narrowing from 60 to 20 cm. ‘Windsorsky’ variety had the largest number of beans and the highest seed weight per plant – 8.9 beans and 14.44 g respectively. Seeds of ‘Karestino’ variety were large, their weight per plant made up 10.56 g, the number of beans totaled to 6.6. Conclusions. The maximum influence of feeding area on a height of plants was found in the phase of technical maturity of beans. The largest increase in plant height for every 10 cm of row spacing was observed in ‘Karadag’ and ‘Windsorski’ varieties. The number of beans also is depended on feeding area. With its reducing, the number of beans and their weight per plant was also reduced in all variants. The largest number of beans and the highest seed weight per plant were in variants with feeding area of 1200 cm2 (row width was 60 cm).

Purpose. Studying the norm of reaction of vegetable bean varieties depending on the feeding area, namely the row width. Methods. Field, biometriс, statistical, laboratory ones. Results. ‘Karadag’ (k), ‘Windsorski’, ‘Bartoli’ and ‘Karestino’ varieties were trialed during 2012–2014. In the course of trial the peculiarities were studied concerning the formation of plant height, the number of beans and seed weight of vegetable bean varieties depending on the row width in the phase of technical maturity of the beans. It was found that differential of plant height growth was changed to a greater degree in ‘Windsorsky’ variety (+9,3 cm for every 10 cm) in case of row width narrowing from 60 to 20 cm. ‘Windsorsky’ variety had the largest number of beans and the highest seed weight per plant – 8.9 beans and 14.44 g respectively. Seeds of ‘Karestino’ variety were large, their weight per plant made up 10.56 g, the number of beans totaled to 6.6. Conclusions. The maximum influence of feeding area on a height of plants was found in the phase of technical maturity of beans. The largest increase in plant height for every 10 cm of row spacing was observed in ‘Karadag’ and ‘Windsorski’ varieties. The number of beans also is depended on feeding area. With its reducing, the number of beans and their weight per plant was also reduced in all variants. The largest number of beans and the highest seed weight per plant were in variants with feeding area of 1200 cm2 (row width was 60 cm).

The article highlights potential features for the varieties of vegetable bean and actual losses of yield subject to the total amount of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) received over the vegetation period in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. It is established that the potential of the vegetable bean yield in Ukraine depends on PAR received over the vegetation period. All the varieties had their yield upon receiving PAR higher by 0,26-0,41 t / ha compared to that of control. Potential yield of vegetable bean varieties when PAR is used by 2% amounted to 57.25–59.30 t / ha, which was 2.2–3.6 times more than their actual yield. The smallest actual yield loss compared to that potential was inherent in the varieties of Bartoli and Windsor (2.2–2.3 times). The actual yield losses for Karadag and Karestyno varieties were the highest, namely 3.6 times higher compared to the potential prospect.

The article highlights potential features for the varieties of vegetable bean and actual losses of yield subject to the total amount of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) received over the vegetation period in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. It is established that the potential of the vegetable bean yield in Ukraine depends on PAR received over the vegetation period. All the varieties had their yield upon receiving PAR higher by 0,26-0,41 t / ha compared to that of control. Potential yield of vegetable bean varieties when PAR is used by 2% amounted to 57.25–59.30 t / ha, which was 2.2–3.6 times more than their actual yield. The smallest actual yield loss compared to that potential was inherent in the varieties of Bartoli and Windsor (2.2–2.3 times). The actual yield losses for Karadag and Karestyno varieties were the highest, namely 3.6 times higher compared to the potential prospect.

In the production of original, basic green pea seed it is critical to to single out (select) basic plants. The marked (selected) plants shall comply with their breeder’s description. Since seed breeding events are conducted with every new variety by various persons and in various agroecologic conditions, subjective factors, as well as environmental factors, may interfere with determining parameters of every characteristic considered there. As a consequence, identification and varietal characteristics and properties are subject to change and might not correspond to the breeder’s description; this, of course, affects the quality of variety. For the purpose of leveling the above factors, example of vegetable pea serves as a suggestion of a technique for exeminig parameters of variability of quantitative traits for specific population observing the rule of «golden section».

Abstract Cytospora species are destructive canker and dieback pathogens of woody hosts in natural and agroecosystems around the world. In this genus, molecular identification has been limited due to the paucity of multi-locus sequence typing studies and the lack of sequence data from type specimens in public repositories, stalling robust phylogenetic reconstructions. In most cases a morphological species concept could not be applied due to the plasticity of characters and significant overlap of morphological features such as spore dimensions and fruiting body characters. In this study, we employed a molecular phylogenetic framework with the inclusion of four nuclear loci (ITS, translation elongation factor 1-alpha, actin, and beta-tubulin) to unveil the biodiversity and taxonomy of this understudied important genus of plant pathogens. Phylogenetic inferences based on 150 Californian isolates revealed 15 Cytospora species associated with branch and twig cankers and dieback of almond, apricot, cherry, cottonwood, olive, peach, pistachio, plum, pomegranate, and walnut trees in California. Of the 15 species recovered in this study, 10 are newly described and typified, in addition to one new combination. The pathogenic status of the newly described Cytospora species requires further investigation as most species were associated with severe dieback and decline of diverse and economically important fruit and nut crops in California.

Purpuse. To develop scientific and methodological principles of legal protection of plant varieties in Ukraine in accordance with the requirements of the Community Plant Variety Office (CPVO) and the European Union (EU), to analyze the relevant methodological and legal norms and approa­ches aimed to improve the system of legal protection of plant varieties as intellectual property objects identified during the expert determination the criteria for distinctiveness, uniformity and stability (DUS-test). Results. Determination of the criteria for distinctiveness, uniformity and stability implies the plant varieties identification by the method of phenotype morphological description (the signs of vegetative and generative organs). The morphological code formula of the variety consists of the corresponding codes of the sign and the degree of its expression that is formed according to the technical documents and DUS methods in all countries of the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) and CPVO. Methodological provision for the protection of breeder’s rights and new plant varieties in the EU and the CPVO protocols were analyzed by the comparative method of the general parts and the tables of signs of DUS techniques for the botanical taxons of 4 plant groups: agricultural, vegetable, fruit and decorative. Conclusions. As a result of comparative assessment of DUS methods for plant varieties (CPVO – Protocols, UPOV – TG, Ukraine – UATG) was found that the morphological des­cription of plant varieties during the field trials (qualitative (QL), quantitative (QN) and pseudo-qualitative (PQ) signs of phenotypes) is the basic technique for conducting DUS testing according to the international UPOV requirements as well as to CPVO requirements. National Methods for Plant Varieties Examination for Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability are developed under mandatory requirements of the DOCUMENT TGP 7/3 DEVELOPMENT OF TEST GUIDELINES adopted by the Council at its forty-eighth ordinary session on October 16, 2014. The CPVO and EU methodological bases at the 2015 research stage included protocols for 160 botanical taxons, represented by four plant groups: agricultural (18); vegetables (46); fruit (30) and decorative (66). The CPVO protocols for 122 botanical taxons, namely: agricultural (18), vegetable (44); fruit (28) and decorative (32) are of great value for the application’s scientific and technical examination for plant variety registration inUkraine. Field tests of plant phenotypes in accordance with morpho-descriptive method for variety identification by the relevant features and their degree of expression for harmonized description of plant varieties is practically brought to the UPOV international requirements and partly to CPVO protocols of the European Union.

Purpuse. To develop scientific and methodological principles of legal protection of plant varieties in Ukraine in accordance with the requirements of the Community Plant Variety Office (CPVO) and the European Union (EU), to analyze the relevant methodological and legal norms and approa­ches aimed to improve the system of legal protection of plant varieties as intellectual property objects identified during the expert determination the criteria for distinctiveness, uniformity and stability (DUS-test). Results. Determination of the criteria for distinctiveness, uniformity and stability implies the plant varieties identification by the method of phenotype morphological description (the signs of vegetative and generative organs). The morphological code formula of the variety consists of the corresponding codes of the sign and the degree of its expression that is formed according to the technical documents and DUS methods in all countries of the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) and CPVO. Methodological provision for the protection of breeder’s rights and new plant varieties in the EU and the CPVO protocols were analyzed by the comparative method of the general parts and the tables of signs of DUS techniques for the  botanical taxons of 4 plant groups: agricultural, vegetable, fruit and decorative. Conclusions. As a result of comparative assessment of DUS methods for plant varieties (CPVO – Protocols, UPOV – TG, Ukraine – UATG) was found that the morphological des­cription of plant varieties during the field trials (qualitative (QL), quantitative (QN) and pseudo-qualitative (PQ) signs of phenotypes ) is the basic technique for conducting DUS testing  according to the international UPOV requirements as well as to CPVO requirements. National Methods for Plant Varieties Examination for Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability are developed under mandatory requirements of the DOCUMENT TGP 7/3 DEVELOPMENT OF TEST GUIDELINES adopted by the Council at its forty-eighth ordinary session on October 16, 2014. The CPVO and EU methodological bases at the 2015 research stage included protocols for 160 botanical taxons, represented by four plant groups: agricultural (18); vegetables (46); fruit (30) and decorative (66). The CPVO protocols for 122 botanical taxons, namely: agricultural (18), vegetable (44); fruit (28) and decorative (32) are of great value for the application’s scientific and technical examination for plant variety registration inUkraine. Field tests of plant phenotypes in accordance with morpho-descriptive method for variety identification by the relevant features and their degree of expression for harmonized description of plant varieties is practically brought to the UPOV international requirements and partly to CPVO protocols of the European Union.

Цель. Разработать научно-методические основы правовой охраны сортов растений в Украине в соответствии с требованиями CPVO (Community Plant Variety Office) Европейского Союза (ЕС), проанализировать соответствующие методически-правовые нормы и подходы, направленные на совершенствование системы правовой охраны сортов растений, как объектов интеллектуальной собственности, идентифицированых при экспертизе по определению критериев отличия, однородности и стабильности (ВОС-тест).Результаты. Определение критериев отличия, однородности и стабильности предполагает идентификацию сортов растений методом морфологического описания признаков вегетативных и генеративных органов фенотипов. Морфологическая кодовая формула сорта состоит из соответствующих кодов признака и степеней их проявления и формируется в соответствии с техничес­кими документами и методиками на ВОС всеми странами Международного союза по охране новых сортов растений (UPOV) и CPVO в частности. Промониторено методическое обеспечение охраны прав селекционера и новых сортов растений в странах ЕС, проанализированы протоколы CPVO методом сравнительной оценки общей части и таблицы признаков методик на ВОС для ботанических таксонов 4 групп: сельскохозяйственные, овощные, плодовые и декоративные.Выводы. Вследствии сравнительной оценки Методик по экспертизе на отличие, однородность и стабильность сортов растений (CPVO – протоколы; UPOV – TG; Украина – UATG) установлено, что морфологическое описание сортов растений во время полевой диагностики качественных (QL), количественных (QN) и псевдокачественных (PQ) признаков фенотипов является основным для проведения экспертизы на ВОС-тест как по международным требованиям UPOV, так и CPVO. Нацио­нальные Методики проведения экспертизы сортов растений на отличие, однородность и стабильность разрабатываются с обязательным учетом требований DOCUMENT TGP 7/3 DEVELOPMENT OF TEST GUIDELINES adopted by the Council at its forty-eighth ordinary session on October 16, 2014. Методическая база CPVO ЕС на этапе исследований в 2015 году включала протоколы для 160 ботанических таксонов, представленные четырьмя группами: сельскохозяйственные (18), овощные (46), плодовые (30) и декоративные (66). Для проведения научно-технической экспертизы заявки на сорт растений в Украине профессиональный интерес представляют протоколы CPVO для 122 ботанических таксонов, а именно: сельскохозяйственные (18), овощные (44), плодовые (28) и декоративные (32). Полевая диагностика фенотипов растений методом морфологического описания для идентификации сортов по соответствующим признакам и степеням их проявления для подготовки гармонизированных описаний сортов растений практически приведена к международным требованиям UPOV и частично к протоколам CPVO ЕС. | Purpuse. To develop scientific and methodological principles of legal protection of plant varieties in Ukraine in accordance with the requirements of the Community Plant Variety Office (CPVO) and the European Union (EU), to analyze the relevant methodological and legal norms and approa­ches aimed to improve the system of legal protection of plant varieties as intellectual property objects identified during the expert determination the criteria for distinctiveness, uniformity and stability (DUS-test).Results. Determination of the criteria for distinctiveness, uniformity and stability implies the plant varieties identification by the method of phenotype morphological description (the signs of vegetative and generative organs). The morphological code formula of the variety consists of the corresponding codes of the sign and the degree of its expression that is formed according to the technical documents and DUS methods in all countries of the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) and CPVO. Methodological provision for the protection of breeder’s rights and new plant varieties in the EU and the CPVO protocols were analyzed by the comparative method of the general parts and the tables of signs of DUS techniques for the  botanical taxons of 4 plant groups: agricultural, vegetable, fruit and decorative.Conclusions. As a result of comparative assessment of DUS methods for plant varieties (CPVO – Protocols, UPOV – TG, Ukraine – UATG) was found that the morphological des­cription of plant varieties during the field trials (qualitative (QL), quantitative (QN) and pseudo-qualitative (PQ) signs of phenotypes ) is the basic technique for conducting DUS testing  according to the international UPOV requirements as well as to CPVO requirements. National Methods for Plant Varieties Examination for Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability are developed under mandatory requirements of the DOCUMENT TGP 7/3 DEVELOPMENT OF TEST GUIDELINES adopted by the Council at its forty-eighth ordinary session on October 16, 2014. The CPVO and EU methodological bases at the 2015 research stage included protocols for 160 botanical taxons, represented by four plant groups: agricultural (18); vegetables (46); fruit (30) and decorative (66). The CPVO protocols for 122 botanical taxons, namely: agricultural (18), vegetable (44); fruit (28) and decorative (32) are of great value for the application’s scientific and technical examination for plant variety registration inUkraine. Field tests of plant phenotypes in accordance with morpho-descriptive method for variety identification by the relevant features and their degree of expression for harmonized description of plant varieties is practically brought to the UPOV international requirements and partly to CPVO protocols of the European Union. | Мета. Розробити науково-методичні засади правової охорони сортів рослин в Україні відповідно до вимог CPVO (Community Plant Variety Office) Європейського Союзу (ЄС), проаналізувати відповідні методично-правові норми та підходи, спрямовані на вдосконалення системи правової охорони сортів рослин, як об’єктів інтелектуальної власності, ідентифікованих під час експертизи з визначення критеріїв відмінності, однорідності та стабільності (ВОС-тест).Результати. Визначення критеріїв відмінності, однорідності та стабільності передбачає ідентифікацію сортів рослин методом морфологічного опису ознак вегетативних і генеративних органів фенотипів. Морфологічна кодова формула сорту складається з відповідних кодів ознак та ступенів їхнього прояву і формується згідно з технічними документами та методиками на ВОС усіма країнами Міжнародного союзу з охорони нових сортів рослин (UPOV) та CPVO зокрема. Промоніторено методичне забезпечення охорони прав селекціонера та нових сортів рослин у країнах ЄС, проаналізовано протоколи CPVO методом порівняльного оцінювання загальної частини та таблиці ознак методик на ВОС для ботанічних таксонів 4 груп: сільськогосподарські, овочеві, плодові та декоративні.Висновки. Унаслідок порівняльного оцінювання Методик з експертизи на відмінність, однорідність і стабільність сортів рослин (CPVO – протоколи; UPOV – TG; Україна – UATG) установлено, що морфологічний опис сортів рослин під час польової діагностики якісних (QL), кількісних (QN) та псевдоякісних (PQ) ознак фенотипів є основним для проведення експертизи на ВОС-тест як за міжнародними вимогами UPOV, так і CPVO. Національні Методики проведення експертизи сортів рослин на ВОС розробляються з обов’язковим урахуванням вимог DOCUMENT TGP 7/3 DEVELOPMENT OF TEST GUIDELINES adopted by the Council at its forty-eighth ordinary session on October 16, 2014. Методична база CPVO ЄС на етапі досліджень у 2015 р. містила протоколи для 160 ботанічних таксонів, які представлено чотирма групами: сільськогосподарські (18), овочеві (46), плодові (30) та декоративні (66). Для проведення науково-технічної експертизи заявки на сорт рослин в Україні професійний інтерес становлять протоколи CPVO для 122 ботанічних таксонів, а саме: сільськогосподарські (18), овочеві (44), плодові (28) та декоративні (32). Польова діагностика фенотипів рослин методом морфологічного опису для ідентифікації сортів за відповідними ознаками та ступенями їхнього прояву для підготовки гармонізованих описів сортів рослин практично приведена до міжнародних вимог UPOV та частково до протоколів CPVO ЄС.

The article unveils results and prospects for the introduction of lesser-known vegetable crops of Cucurbitaceous family to extend the diversity among vegetables. Among 5 species the best by commodity yield and quality indexes are selected. The promising species could be recommended for use in horticulture and landscaping. Introduction onto the territory of Ukraine of new lesserknown species of Cucurbitaceous family, such as trichosanthes, luffa, lagenaria, anguria, momordica will enable to extend the use of vegetable crops in landscaping for the designing of alpine hills, ornamental beds, decorating verandas, arbours, balconies with planting, as a wonderful material for artistic visage, restaurant business and agro-tourism. To extend the diversity among the vegetables in openair espalier growing it is promising to run the cultivation of disease and pest resistant, displaying good indices of taste estimate and quality species, namely trichosanthes of 5,1 kg/sq.m. commercial yield, with fresh and canned fruits accumulating high content of a dry matter (6,5 to 10,1%) and sugars (4,1 to 8,5%) and characterized by taste estimate for the processed foodstuff of 8,5 points.

The article unveils results and prospects for the introduction of lesser-known vegetable crops of Cucurbitaceous family to extend the diversity among vegetables. Among 5 species the best by commodity yield and quality indexes are selected. The promising species could be recommended for use in horticulture and landscaping. Introduction onto the territory of Ukraine of new lesserknown species of Cucurbitaceous family, such as trichosanthes, luffa, lagenaria, anguria, momordica will enable to extend the use of vegetable crops in landscaping for the designing of alpine hills, ornamental beds, decorating verandas, arbours, balconies with planting, as a wonderful material for artistic visage, restaurant business and agro-tourism. To extend the diversity among the vegetables in openair espalier growing it is promising to run the cultivation of disease and pest resistant, displaying good indices of taste estimate and quality species, namely trichosanthes of 5,1 kg/sq.m. commercial yield, with fresh and canned fruits accumulating high content of a dry matter (6,5 to 10,1%) and sugars (4,1 to 8,5%) and characterized by taste estimate for the processed foodstuff of 8,5 points.

Basic results is resulted multidimen-sional statistical analysis of varieties of pea vegetable as initial material for the breeding of new varieties.

Basic results is resulted multidimen-sional statistical analysis of varieties of pea vegetable as initial material for the breeding of new varieties.

Purpose. Jute mallow (Corchorus olitorius L.) is a mucilaginous vegetable and fiber crop cultivated in the tropics, where catnip (Nepeta cataria L.) and Mexican sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia L.) are common weeds. Hence, the study investigated the growth, yield, and nutrient level of jute mallow in weed-free, catnip, and Mexican sunflower environments. Methods. The study involved two screen-house experiments in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six replications. The treatments were 0 (control), 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weed plants per pot in both experiments. These are 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 weed count per square meter equivalent, based on the surface area of the pots used. Mexican sunflower and catnip plants interacted with jute plants in the first and second experiments, respectively. Growth parameters of jute mallow were recorded weekly from 5 to 8 weeks after sowing (WAS), and harvesting was done at 8 WAS. The proximate composition of jute was evaluated using standard procedures outlined by AOAC. The data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and means were separated using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at P < 0.05. Results. Catnip and Mexican sunflower negatively impacted the morphological features of jute mallow from 100 plants per square meter upwards. Catnip and Mexican sunflower, at 300 and 100–500 plants per square meter, respectively, reduced the dry weight of jute mallow. The crude protein content of jute mallow was also lessened by Mexican sunflower at some point. Conclusions. The study recommends that the density of catnip and Mexican sunflower plants interacting with jute mallow should be maintained below 100 plants per square meter to prevent yield loss.

Purpose. Jute mallow (Corchorus olitorius L.) is a mucilaginous vegetable and fiber crop cultivated in the tropics, where catnip (Nepeta cataria L.) and Mexican sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia L.) are common weeds. Hence, the study investigated the growth, yield, and nutrient level of jute mallow in weed-free, catnip, and Mexican sunflower environments.Methods. The study involved two screen-house experiments in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six replications. The treatments were 0 (control), 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weed plants per pot in both experiments. These are 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 weed count per square meter equivalent, based on the surface area of the pots used. Mexican sunflower and catnip plants interacted with jute plants in the first and second experiments, respectively. Growth parameters of jute mallow were recorded weekly from 5 to 8 weeks after sowing (WAS), and harvesting was done at 8 WAS. The proximate composition of jute was evaluated using standard procedures outlined by AOAC. The data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and means were separated using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at P < 0.05.Results. Catnip and Mexican sunflower negatively impacted the morphological features of jute mallow from 100 plants per square meter upwards. Catnip and Mexican sunflower, at 300 and 100?500 plants per square meter, respectively, reduced the dry weight of jute mallow. The crude protein content of jute mallow was also lessened by Mexican sunflower at some point.Conclusions. The study recommends that the density of catnip and Mexican sunflower plants interacting with jute mallow should be maintained below 100 plants per square meter to prevent yield loss. | ????. ???? ???????????? (Corchorus olitorius L) ? ?? ??????? ? ??????? ????????, ??? ????????? ? ????????. ?????????? ?????????, ?? ?????????? ???? ??????, ? ?????? ????? ???????? (Nepeta cataria L.) ? ????????????? ???????? (Tithonia diversifolia?L). ? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ????, ??????????? ? ????? ?????? ??????????? ? ???????? ????? ????????????? ?? ????? ??????????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ? ?????????????? ????????? ?? ? ??????????, ???????? ??? ????????.??????. ??????????? ???????? ??? ???????????? ???????????? ?? ???????? ?????????????? ?????? ? ????? ???????????. ????? ??????? ? ????????????? ???? ?????: 0 (????????), 2, 4, 6, 8 ? 10 ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ???????????. ? ??????????? ????? ???????? ???????????? ????????, ???? ????????? ??????????? 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 ? 500 ???????? ?? 1??2. ????????? ????? ????? ????????????? ??????????? ??????? ? 5 ?? 8 ????? ????? ?????, ? ?????? ??????? ????? 8 ??????. ????? ?????? ?????? ? ???????? ????? ????????? ? ????????????? ??????????? ????????, ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ????????????????????? ???????. ???????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ????????????? ??????? (ANOVA).??????????. ?????? ????? ???????? ? ?????????????? ???????? ?? ????????? ??? 100 ?????? ?? ???????????? ???? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?? ???????????? ???????????????? ????? ?????????????. ?? ???????, ?? ??????????? 100?500 ?????? ?? ?????????? ????, ??????????? ????? ????????? ????? ???? ????? ?????????????. ?? ????????????, ????????????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ? ????? ?????????????.????????. ??? ??????????? ????? ?????? ?????????????? ???????????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ?? ?????????????? ????????? ? ??????? ????? ??????????????? ?????? ??? 100 ??./?2.

Purpose. Jute mallow (Corchorus olitorius L.) is a mucilaginous vegetable and fiber crop cultivated in the tropics, where catnip (Nepeta cataria L.) and Mexican sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia L.) are common weeds. Hence, the study investigated the growth, yield, and nutrient level of jute mallow in weed-free, catnip, and Mexican sunflower environments. Methods. The study involved two screen-house experiments in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six replications. The treatments were 0 (control), 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weed plants per pot in both experiments. These are 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 weed count per square meter equivalent, based on the surface area of the pots used. Mexican sunflower and catnip plants interacted with jute plants in the first and second experiments, respectively. Growth parameters of jute mallow were recorded weekly from 5 to 8 weeks after sowing (WAS), and harvesting was done at 8 WAS. The proximate composition of jute was evaluated using standard procedures outlined by AOAC. The data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and means were separated using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at P < 0.05. Results. Catnip and Mexican sunflower negatively impacted the morphological features of jute mallow from 100 plants per square meter upwards. Catnip and Mexican sunflower, at 300 and 100–500 plants per square meter, respectively, reduced the dry weight of jute mallow. The crude protein content of jute mallow was also lessened by Mexican sunflower at some point. Conclusions. The study recommends that the density of catnip and Mexican sunflower plants interacting with jute mallow should be maintained below 100 plants per square meter to prevent yield loss.

The creative and organizational role of academician M. M. Hryshko was analyzed in studying the gene pool of plants in Ukraine and creating collection funds of the National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, which has been named after this famous scientist since 1991. Investigations on introduction, acclimatization and breeding of plants were described embracing the period from post-war years to the present day. Information was gi­ven that concerns the results of the introduction and plant breeding in the early 1950s as reported by M. M. Hryshko and recent data on species and varietal diversity of cultivated ornamental, fruit, subtropical, agricultural (including energy, feed, vegetable, spice aroma, aromatic, technical, green manure, nectariferous) plants.

The creative and organizational role of academician M. M. Hryshko was analyzed in studying the gene pool of plants in Ukraine and creating collection funds of the National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, which has been named after this famous scientist since 1991. Investigations on introduction, acclimatization and breeding of plants were described embracing the period from post-war years to the present day. Information was gi­ven that concerns the results of the introduction and plant breeding in the early 1950s as reported by M. M. Hryshko and recent data on species and varietal diversity of cultivated ornamental, fruit, subtropical, agricultural (including energy, feed, vegetable, spice aroma, aromatic, technical, green manure, nectariferous) plants.

The article reflects economical value of a valuable food crop, field pea used chiefly as a vegetable (Pisum sativum L partim), its origin and distribution both in the worldwide scale and in our country, establishment of its varietal resources. Exhausting description is provided to new varieties of pea used chiefly as a vegetable, which have been listed in the State Register of Varieties Suitable for Dissemination in Ukraine in 20010-2011 for the harvest in 2012, and for which official description is available.

The article reflects economical value of a valuable food crop, field pea used chiefly as a vegetable (Pisum sativum L partim), its origin and distribution both in the worldwide scale and in our country, establishment of its varietal resources. Exhausting description is provided to new varieties of pea used chiefly as a vegetable, which have been listed in the State Register of Varieties Suitable for Dissemination in Ukraine in 20010-2011 for the harvest in 2012, and for which official description is available.

In the article revealed the scientist basis of vegetables plants nationality varieties resource via government registering of new varieties and their right protection.

Вступ. Національні сортові рослинні ресурси мають особливе значення для економічного розвитку України, адже вони забезпечують стабільність галузі рослинниц­тва як складової продовольчої безпеки держави. Аналіз історіографії розвитку державного сортовипробування з 1923 року показав відсутність системного дослідження формуванняя Державного реєстру сортів рослин, придатних для поширення в Україні (далі – Реєстр сортів рослин України). Мета. Розкрити історичні етапи формування національних рослинних сортових ресурсів, та обгрунтувати концепцію їхнього розвитку. Методи. Колекція загальновідомих сортів рослин, які перебува­ють чи перебували в комерційному обігу. Методи досліджень – загальнонаукові: гіпотеза, спостереження, аналіз, метод синтезу для формування висновків; джерелознавча база даних з елементами екстрополяції, яка формується за результатами польового, лабораторного та аналітичного дослідження. Результати. Дослідження історії регулювання державного сортовипробування дало змогу з’ясувати, що сортовипробувальна мережа в Україні була створена в 1923 році. Тому формування національних рослинних сортових реурсів має свою майже стодлітню історію. На всіх історичних етапах формування національних рослинних сортових ресурсів предметом дослідження залишається сорт з комплексом своїх морфобіологічних та господарсько-цінних характеристик. Державна реєстрація сорту або прав на нього забезпечує комерційний обіг сорту. Ідентифікація сортів рослин як основа сортової сертифікації збільшує обіг сортів на ринку, забезпечує зростання обсягів виробництва та підвищення якості продукції рослинництва. Сорти рослин, поширені на території України, відповідають загальноприйнятим у міжнародній практиці критеріям відмінності, однорідності та стабільності; задовольняють потреби споживачів за господарсько-цінними характеристиками; не загрожують довкіллю і здоров’ю людини. Формування національних рослинних сортових ресурсів відбувається поетапно з тенденцією підвищення господарсько-цінних критеріїв, що забезпечує конкурентність сучасного ринку сортів і насіння відповідно до міжнародних вимог. Висновки. Формування рослинних сортових ресурсів для задоволення потреб споживачів та/або селекційної практики в Україні відбувалось завдяки доволі тривалим історичним етапам розвитку та інтродукції рослинного різноманіття, форм, критеріїв і методології сортовипробувальної справи в часі і просторі. Об´рунтування історичних аспектів концепції формування сортових ресурсів дозволить оптимізувати структуру сортовипробувальної мережі, організаційні основи державної реєстрації сортів та охорони прав селекціонера.

Introduction. National varietal plant resources are of particular importance for the economic development of Ukraine, because they ensure the stability of the crop industry as a component of the country’s food security. The analysis of the historiography of the development of the state variety testing since 1923 showed the lack of a systematic study of the formation of the State Register of Plant Varieties suitable for distribution in Ukraine (hereinafter – the Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine). Purpose. To reveal the historical stages of the formation of national plant varietal resources, and substantiate the concept of their development. Methods. A collection of commonly known plant varieties that are or were in commercial circulation. Research methods – general scientific: hypothesis, observation, analysis, synthesis method for drawing conclusions; source study database with elements of extrapolation, which is formed based on the results of field, laboratory and analytical research. Results. The study of the history of state variety testing regulation made it possible to find out that the variety testing netork in Ukraine was established in 1923. The refore, the formation of national varietal plant resources has its own almost a hundred-year history. At all historical stages of the formation of national varietal resources, a variety with a complex of its morphobiological and economically valuable characteristics remains the subject of the research. State registration of a variety or rights to it ensures the commercial circulation of the variety. Identification of plant varieties, as the basis for varietal certification, increases the turnover of varieties on the market, ensures the growth of production volumes and improves the quality of crop products. Plant varieties distributed on the territory of Ukraine correspond to the criteria of distinctness, uniformity and stability generally accepted in international practice; meet the needs of consumers in terms of economically valuable characteristics; do not threaten the environment and human health. The formation of national plant varietal resources takes place in stages with the tendency to increase the economically valuable criteria, which ensures the competitiveness of the modern market of varieties and seeds in accordance with international requirements. Conclusions. The formation of plant varietal resources to meet the needs of consumers and/or breeding practice in Ukraine took place due to rather long historical stages of development and introduction of plant diversity, forms, criteria and methodology of varietal testing in time and space. The substantiation of the historical aspects of the concept of the varietal resources formation will allow optimizing the structure of the variety testing network, organizational foundations of the state registration of varieties and the protection of breeder’s rights. | Вступ. Національні сортові рослинні ресурси мають особливе значення для економічного розвитку України, адже вони забезпечують стабільність галузі рослинниц­тва як складової продовольчої безпеки держави. Аналіз історіографії розвитку державного сортовипробування з 1923 року показав відсутність системного дослідження формуванняя Державного реєстру сортів рослин, придатних для поширення в Україні (далі – Реєстр сортів рослин України). Мета. Розкрити історичні етапи формування національних рослинних сортових ресурсів, та обгрунтувати концепцію їхнього розвитку. Методи. Колекція загальновідомих сортів рослин, які перебува­ють чи перебували в комерційному обігу. Методи досліджень – загальнонаукові: гіпотеза, спостереження, аналіз, метод синтезу для формування висновків; джерелознавча база даних з елементами екстрополяції, яка формується за результатами польового, лабораторного та аналітичного дослідження. Результати. Дослідження історії регулювання державного сортовипробування дало змогу з’ясувати, що сортовипробувальна мережа в Україні була створена в 1923 році. Тому формування національних рослинних сортових реурсів має свою майже стодлітню історію. На всіх історичних етапах формування національних рослинних сортових ресурсів предметом дослідження залишається сорт з комплексом своїх морфобіологічних та господарсько-цінних характеристик. Державна реєстрація сорту або прав на нього забезпечує комерційний обіг сорту. Ідентифікація сортів рослин як основа сортової сертифікації збільшує обіг сортів на ринку, забезпечує зростання обсягів виробництва та підвищення якості продукції рослинництва. Сорти рослин, поширені на території України, відповідають загальноприйнятим у міжнародній практиці критеріям відмінності, однорідності та стабільності; задовольняють потреби споживачів за господарсько-цінними характеристиками; не загрожують довкіллю і здоров’ю людини. Формування національних рослинних сортових ресурсів відбувається поетапно з тенденцією підвищення господарсько-цінних критеріїв, що забезпечує конкурентність сучасного ринку сортів і насіння відповідно до міжнародних вимог. Висновки. Формування рослинних сортових ресурсів для задоволення потреб споживачів та/або селекційної практики в Україні відбувалось завдяки доволі тривалим історичним етапам розвитку та інтродукції рослинного різноманіття, форм, критеріїв і методології сортовипробувальної справи в часі і просторі. Об´рунтування історичних аспектів концепції формування сортових ресурсів дозволить оптимізувати структуру сортовипробувальної мережі, організаційні основи державної реєстрації сортів та охорони прав селекціонера.

In the article revealed the scientist basis of vegetables plants nationality varieties resource via government registering of new varieties and their right protection.

The article highlights main causes and provides reasons for changes, depending on which methodological materials on the conduct of plant varieties examination on their stability for dissemination in Ukraine should be periodically republished.

Interpretation of the main regulations of low of Ukraine "About protection of rights for plant varieties", regulating property and unproperty relations, which arise while reception, use, protection, alienations and stopping of act of right for plant variety in state.

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