Викладено історію становлення вітчизняного сортовивчення яблуні, у розвитку якого провідну роль відіграли українські садоводи Лев Платонович та Володимир Львович Симиренки. Доведено, що використання сучасних методик дослідження особливостей росту і плодоношення дерев яблуні (на прикладі нових імунних до парші сортів орловської селекції, Росія) дає можливість визначити для умов Лісостепу України скороплідні сорти, які інтенсивно нарощують урожайність у перші роки плодоношення та формують плоди високих товарних і смакових якостей.

The article represents results of renewal to officinal pilot models of varieties of long-fibred flax and crown flax to bring in to high-yielding properties to the environmental conditions of areas of Forest Ukraine. There brief descriptions of comparative evaluation of identifications morpho-biological indications plants of varieties to place on control pilot models with plants of varieties to place on standard models. There are installed the authentic of descriptions to officinal pilot models of varieties.

The article represents results of studies mechanized agriculture spicy aromatic species of plants to ecological and agricultural climatic conditions different areas of Steppe and Le-sosteppe of Ukraine. Basic breaking grounds, sowing area under crops, nurture spicy aromatic species of plants taking into account with their biological peculiarities.

The article offers short characteristic of Fj hybrid combinations and reveals type of inheritance by the folwiing characteristics: plant height, height of lower bean insertion, quantity of seeds per plant, quantity of seeds per plant, beans per plant, nodes and branches per plant, as well as determines proportion of dominations displaying high heterosis effect. Two superior hybrid populations, namely Amethyst/Miao-ian-Dou and Amethyst/Krasa Podillia, have been selected and are being used to scan for transgressive forms.

Розглянуто питання створення гібридів сорго цукрового на стерильній основі з використанням ліній сорго Дн–5с, Дн–37с, Дн–23с, Дн–39с, Дн–31с, А–326. Висвітлено створення гібриду Довіста, його потенціал та апробаційні ознаки. Виділені сортозразки з високим вмістом цукрів.

The varieties and forms of nectarine resistant to fungi diseases (Clasterosporium carpophilum (Lev.) Aderh., Taphrina deformans Tul., Sphaerotheca pannosa (Wallr.) Fr. Lev. var. persicae Woronich) having the practical interest for modern technology growing and for breeding on these characteristics have been selected.

Discussed problems of planetary changes of climate, through that it is necessary to revise the terms of sowing of winter crops, and also structure of sowing of agricultural cultures. The brought transpiration coefficients over of basic agricultural cultures, that must be taken into account for forming of structure of their sowing. On the example of wheat winter-annual the done attempt to be determined with priority directions in the selection of agricultural cultures.

The review of legal regulation of state testing, registration of plant varieties based on genetically modified organisms in Ukraine and the European Union. Defined problems, namely the problem of harmonization of legislation, the actual Ukraine's lack of specific legislation in the area of biosafety for GMO handling, lack of clear procedures for registration of GMOs and others.

Assessment is made for heat-resistance of 10 promising domestic and foreign apple varieties, as well as for their drought- resistance (leaf tissue water content, water holding capacity and turgorescence); also, impact of weather conditions on implementation of its drought and heat resistance by the research subject is determined. The article highlights the best in Ukraine’s Forest-Steppe environment by the above economical and biological properties apple varieties.

Methodology for detecting correspondence of soft wheat to the criteria of distinctness, uniformity and stability based on researching peculiarities of morphological characteristics expression, has been scrutinized. It is established that, in the complex of many of those characteristics characterizing variety phenotype, for its identification only those characteristics are used that are exposed to lesser degree to the influence of environmental conditions.