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Influence of organic amendments on diuron leaching through an acidic and a calcareous vineyard soil using undisturbed lysimeters.
2008
Thevenot, Mathieu | Dousset, Sylvie | Rousseaux, S. | Andreux, Francis | Microbiologie du Sol et de l'Environnement (MSE) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB) | Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS) ; Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Laboratoire de Recherche en Vigne et Vin (REVV) ; Université de Bourgogne (UB) | PhD grant from the Ministère de l'Education Nationale, de la Recherche et de la Technologie.
9 pages | International audience | The influence of different organic amendments on diuron leaching was studied through undisturbed vineyard soil columns. Two composts (A and D), the second at two stages of maturity, and two soils (VR and Bj) were sampled. After 1 year, the amount of residues (diuron þ metabolites) in the leachates of the VR soil (0.19e0.71%) was lower than in the Bj soil (4.27e8.23%), which could be explained by stronger diuron adsorption on VR. An increase in the amount of diuron leached through the amended soil columns, compared to the blank, was observed for the Bj soil only. This result may be explained by the formation of mobile complexes between diuron and water-extractable organic matter (WEOM) through the Bj soil, or by competition between diuron and WEOM for the adsorption sites in the soil. For both soils, the nature of the composts and their degree of maturity did not significantly influence diuron leaching.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Influence of organic amendments on diuron leaching through an acidic and a calcareous vineyard soil using undisturbed lysimeters.
2008
Thevenot, Mathieu | Dousset, Sylvie | Rousseaux, S. | Andreux, Francis | Microbiologie du Sol et de l'Environnement (MSE) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB) | Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS) ; Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Laboratoire de Recherche en Vigne et Vin (REVV) ; Université de Bourgogne (UB) | PhD grant from the Ministère de l'Education Nationale, de la Recherche et de la Technologie.
9 pages | International audience | The influence of different organic amendments on diuron leaching was studied through undisturbed vineyard soil columns. Two composts (A and D), the second at two stages of maturity, and two soils (VR and Bj) were sampled. After 1 year, the amount of residues (diuron þ metabolites) in the leachates of the VR soil (0.19e0.71%) was lower than in the Bj soil (4.27e8.23%), which could be explained by stronger diuron adsorption on VR. An increase in the amount of diuron leached through the amended soil columns, compared to the blank, was observed for the Bj soil only. This result may be explained by the formation of mobile complexes between diuron and water-extractable organic matter (WEOM) through the Bj soil, or by competition between diuron and WEOM for the adsorption sites in the soil. For both soils, the nature of the composts and their degree of maturity did not significantly influence diuron leaching.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Comparative kinetic desorption of 60Co, 85Sr and 134Cs from a contaminated natural silica sand column: Influence of varying physicochemical conditions and dissolved organic matter
2006
Solovitch-Vella, N. | Garnier, J.-M. | Laboratoire d'Etudes Radioécologiques des milieux Continental et marin (IRSN/PRP-ENV/SESURE/LERCM) ; Service d'étude et de surveillance de la radioactivité dans l'environnement (PRP-ENV/SESURE) ; Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)-Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) | Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
In order to determine the mechanisms of the retention of 60Co, 85Sr and 134Cs in natural silica sand columns, desorption experiments were performed by changes of pH and ionic strength and by injection of natural organic matter (NOM). Injection of KCl (0.1 M) resulted in a high release of 60Co (60-100%) and 85Sr (72-100%) but a smaller release of 134Cs (31-66%). Only limited release of 60Co (66%) and 85Sr (71%) and no release of 134Cs were observed by injection of NOM. The different percentages of desorption were related to the chemical characteristics of the organic colloids previously retained in columns before the desorption step. The results evidenced different sorption processes on energetically heterogeneous surface sites. According to the initial conditions, the binding of the radionuclides to the solid phase resulted from weak and easily reversible sorption processes to strong association probably by inner sphere complexes. The rather weak release of 134Cs by KCl was attributed to the strong retention of 134Cs by clay coatings on the natural silica sand surfaces. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Influence of effluent organic matter on copper speciation and bioavailability in rivers under strong urban pressure
2015
Matar, Z. | Soares Pereira, C. | Chebbo, G. | Uher, E. | Troupel, M. | Boudahmane, L. | Saad, M. | Gourlay-Francé, C. | Rocher, V. | Varrault, G. | Laboratoire Eau Environnement et Systèmes Urbains (LEESU) ; AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12) | Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (UR HBAN) ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | laboratoire Electrochimie, Catalyse et Synthèse Organique (LECSO) ; Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
[Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [TR1_IRSTEA]BELCA | International audience | This study focuses on spatiotemporal variations in the type of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and copper binding ability both upstream and downstream of Paris. It also compares the relative influence of both natural DOM upstream of Paris and effluent dissolved organic matter (EfDOM) output from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) on trace metal speciation and bioavailability in aquatic systems. In addition to the typical high- and low-affinity binding sites, a third family of very high-affinity binding sites has been highlighted for EfDOM. In receiving waters downstream of Paris during low-flow periods, the percentage of high- and very high-affinity sites originating from EfDOM reaches nearly 60 %. According to the speciation computation, the free copper concentration upstream of Paris exceeds the downstream Paris concentration by a factor of 2 to 4. As regards copper bioavailability, the highest EC50<inf>tot</inf> values were observed for EfDOM and downstream DOM, with a very low aromaticity and low UV absorbance. This finding suggests that specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA) is unlikely to be useful in assessing metal speciation and toxicity in aquatic systems subject to strong urban pressures. These results also highlight that the copper speciation computation for surface water exposed to considerable human pressures should include not only the humic and/or fulvic part of dissolved organic carbon but more hydrophilic fractions as well, originating for example from EfDOM. © 2015 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Transport of organic contaminants in subsoil horizons and effects of dissolved organic matter related to organic waste recycling practices
2016
Chabauty, Florian | Pot-Genty, Valerie | Deschamps, Marjolaine | Bernet, Nathalie | Labat, Christophe | Benoit, Pierre | Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech | Université Paris-Saclay | European Commission [226536]; Ile-de-France region; Veolia Environment group Funding Text : The work was carried as part of the GENESIS project on groundwater systems financed by the European Commission 7thFP contract 226536. The authors also acknowledge the Ile-de-France region for funding for ultra-performance liquid chromatography/MS-MS analyses, and the useful help of Jean-Noel Rampon for field sampling. Finally, we acknowledge the Veolia Environment group for the financial support of the QualiAgro field site.
Compost amendment on agricultural soil is a current practice to compensate the loss of organic matter. As a consequence, dissolved organic carbon concentration in soil leachates can be increased and potentially modify the transport of other solutes. This study aims to characterize the processes controlling the mobility of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in deep soil layers and their potential impacts on the leaching of organic contaminants (pesticides and pharmaceutical compounds) potentially present in cultivated soils receiving organic waste composts. We sampled undisturbed soil cores in the illuviated horizon (60-90 cm depth) of an Albeluvisol. Percolation experiments were made in presence and absence of DOM with two different pesticides, isoproturon and epoxiconazole, and two pharmaceutical compounds, ibuprofen and sulfamethoxazole. Two types of DOM were extracted from two different soil surface horizons: one sampled in a plot receiving a co-compost of green wastes and sewage sludge applied once every 2 years since 1998 and one sampled in an unamended plot. Results show that DOM behaved as a highly reactive solute, which was continuously generated within the soil columns during flow and increased after flow interruption. DOM significantly increased the mobility of bromide and all pollutants, but the effects differed according the hydrophobic and the ionic character of the molecules. However, no clear effects of the origin of DOM on the mobility of the different contaminants were observed.
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