This paper evaluates the energy poverty of Vietnam by mediating the role of financial development and environmental considerations. Across the globe, billions of individuals live in fuel poverty, failing to access inexpensive and sustainable energy, which is necessary for long-term development. An elevation in power consumption due to an overall increase in heat and short periods of extreme heat exacerbates global warming. The goal of this research is to look at how climate change is affecting energy poverty in Vietnam. This finding (1) demonstrates that temperature shocks have a positive and quantitative impact. (2) The same may be said for “poor income/high cost” figures, which include information on power rates. Similarly, if households use the same amount of power but spend less on other items, the influence will not raise their electricity use. (3) Thermal shocks have been shown to reduce agricultural output in studies. During seasons of low rainfall, for example, higher evaporation and plant water demand can worsen drought and raise total irrigation expenses. Labor productivity is also affected by rising temperatures, particularly in weather-sensitive industries like agriculture. As a result, heat shocks will lower agricultural revenues, worsening energy poverty. Surprisingly, overall income appears to be a little mitigating influence. This might be owing to widespread underreporting of stated income, particularly among persons who rely on agriculture for their livelihood.

This paper seeks to examine the effect of financial inclusion on energy efficiency financing to limit energy poverty in OECD. The study uses 1998–2018 for the OECD economy to connect the nexus between financial inclusion, energy efficiency and poverty indices, country-wise GDP, and financial inclusion index. The findings show that a financial inclusion 1% increase improves 14% energy efficiency, and this energy efficiency lowers energy poverty by 28%. These results are deduced via the entropy technique and compatible with prior research on energy efficiency and poverty. This study illustrates the different policy changes that may be implemented based on the resultant deductions. The energy efficiency indices are affected by FI substantially, albeit in various ways. Unsustainable financial inclusion increases energy costs, but not to the level of energy use and environmental severe pollution. The increasing concern about environmental contamination should show in the energy industry of OECD.

This work aims to assess multidimensional energy poverty and energy efficiency for environmental policy measures using data envelopment analysis (DEA), a DEA-Like mathematical composite indicator applied on a dataset based on multiple sets of variables from South Asian economies. The multidimensional energy poverty index (MEPI) is computed to analyze the combining effects and energy poverty in these countries. Simultaneously, South Asia’s metropolitan areas’ population rose by 130 million between 2001 and 2011 and is projected to expand by approximately 250 million by 2030. The findings reveal that endogenous increasing population shocks account for about 72% of energy use. In contrast, the long-term effects of remittance revenue, economic growth, and urbanization on energy use are approximately 20%, 8.25%, and 0.03%, respectively. This work advocates more coordinated and innovative policies to eliminate energy poverty. It can act as a base for policymakers and government officials to make efficient policies and enforce them properly in the regional power sector. Policies should be designed around a smarter use of biomass for cooking, alternate sources for domestic energy production, increased programs for biomass-based cookstoves, and periodic regional-level energy database development.

This article estimates the ties between green fiscal policies and energy efficiency in COVID-19 era. For this purpose, data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach is considered and applied. The study findings show that green fiscal policies, such as public supports and tax rebates, have significant role in reducing energy poverty of different international countries by advancing energy efficiency. Therefore, a panel data ranging from 2010 to 2020 is used. Our findings indicate that the aggregate degree of green fiscal policies help to decline energy poverty. Renewable energy companies had larger series of net fiscal competence and size efficiency, and their levels of energy efficiency were greater than 0.457%, with the 16% effect of current public supports and 11% effect of taxation rebates supported to diminish energy poverty with 29.7% in different international economies. This is a positive effect by green fiscal policies. The study also presented policy implications suggesting effectively implementing green fiscal policies for more efficient carbon reduction and making climate change supportive for peoples in post COVID-19 period.

Low-carbon city (LCC) pilot is a strategic policy to deal with global climate change and energy poverty. Using the city-level data from 2006 to 2019, this paper applies a multiple difference-in-difference (DID) analysis to explore the impact of LCC policy on urban green total factor energy efficiency(GTFEE) and its potential mechanism. The results show that the LCC pilot policy can significantly improve urban GTFEE, and the finding remains robust with various tests. Secondly, we shed light on the mechanism of the LCC policy and explore the possible channels through green innovation and structural upgrading to improve the urban GTFEE. Third, the policy effect is affected by different levels of urban economic development, urban development scale, and urban development types. In cities with higher levels of economic development, super-large resource-based cities, the pilot policy has a more significant improvement effect on GTFEE. On the other hand, in the less developed regions, pilot policies will hinder the improvement of GTFEE.

Energy consumption is an indispensable element for the purpose of achieving economic growth. Clean energy sources must be put into use to achieve a sustainable environment. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship among growth, energy consumption, employment, education, and inflation with PVAR, FMOLS, and DOLS analysis in BRICS countries. The study that covers the 2001–2018 observation period included growth as the dependent variable in the equation. The only common result of the three coefficient estimates is that there is no significant relationship between education and growth. However, the increase in income has a decreasing effect on the level of education. The direction of causality between the two variables is from growth to education. Contrary to the PVAR estimate, according to FMOLS and DOLS, energy consumption and employment have a positive contribution towards growth. However, according to PVAR regression results, income growth has a positive effect on employment. Moreover, a unidirectional causal relation from energy consumption to growth and a bidirectional relation between growth and employment have been determined. This one-way relationship between energy consumption and GDP depicts that the growth hypothesis is valid. Furthermore, an energy poverty problem does not exist in BRICS countries. According to FMOLS, DOLS, and PVAR forecasts, the relationship between inflation and growth is complex. In accordance with PVAR estimates, the increase in growth reduces inflation, and the causality from growth to inflation also supports the PVAR results. According to the outcome of the research, energy poverty is not observed in the panel countries. It would be wise for BRICS countries to increase their energy consumption and employment levels in order to increase growth. However, considering the air pollution caused by fossil fuel consumption, it is key that they employ renewable energy sources.

Energy poverty poses a serious threat to the urban population residing in Himalayan towns. The present study aims to assess energy vulnerability in the urban settlement of Indian Himalayan Region (IHR). The study addresses energy access and affordability; its requirement, practices, and efficiency, considering the quality of electricity, dwelling type, transport facilities, energy expenditure, household chores (cooking, heating, cooling, lighting, etc.), awareness, and social interactions. The study uses an energy vulnerability framework based on IPCC indices to investigate the status of energy vulnerability in the urban space of Dehradun, the Indian Himalayan Region. The primary data was collected from two circular regions of the city, an area close to the central place and an area outlying from the central place, respectively. The energy vulnerability index was 0.31 and 0.34 with varying degrees of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. The findings reveal that energy vulnerability could jeopardize the well-being of the society and could be mitigated through appropriate policy measures, intensive support to sensitive societies, and a developmental approach focusing on sustainable energy. The study provides a theoretical base to conduct extensive research addressing a similar issue in other Himalayan towns.

The aim of the study is to estimate the nexus between energy insecurity and energy poverty with the role of climate change and other environmental concerns. We used DEA like WP methods and properties of MCDA, a most common form of data envelopment analysis (DEA) to estimate the nexus between constructs. This paper presents a measurement and analysis of G7 countries’ energy, economic, social, and environmental performance associated with energy poverty indexes. The study used the multiple, comprehensive, and relevant set of indicators, including energy economics and environmental consideration of energy poverty. The net energy consumption of al G7 economies is equal to 34 percent of the entire world along with the net estimate GDP score of around 50 percent. Using DEA modelling and estimation technique, our research presented valuable insights for readers, theorists and policy makers on energy, environment, energy poverty and climate change mitigation. For this reasons, all these indicators combined in a mathematical composite indicator to measure energy, economic, social, and environmental performance index (EPI). Results show that Canada has the highest EPII score, which shows that Canada’s capacity to deal with energy self-sufficiency, economic development, and environmental performance is greater than the other G7 countries. France and Italy rank second and third. Japan comes next with 0.50 EPI scores, while the USA has the lowest average EPI score environment vulnerable even though have higher economic development among the G7 group countries. We suggest a policy framework to strengthen the subject matter of the study.

The major purpose of this study is to assess racial disparity and energy poverty index by measuring energy poverty index by using data envelopment analysis and regression equation from South Asia (2001–2018). An energy poverty index is quantifying the size and scope of energy poverty, and DEA is used to investigate the relevance of socioeconomic position to multidimensional energy poverty. In multidimensional energy poverty, location, house ownership position, number of dependents, and the age of the main caregiver have an important positive impact. Our research has shown that Bhutan is the most susceptible nation with an energy poverty index of (0.02), Maldives (0.03), and Bangladesh (0.11), while India (0.86) and Pakistan (0.49) are the least likely to be energy poor as regards energy poverty. Of the total energy production, 78% is based on traditional fuels, followed by 12% based on petroleum products. The Gini index indicates a positive association with the energy poverty index at a 5% significance level. This signifies that these socioeconomic indicators positively contribute to the energy poverty index level. This study developed more synchronized policies to eradicate energy poverty and can provide a way forward for policymakers to develop strategies to implement them suitably in the regional power sector.

Clean, affordable, and efficient energy sources are inevitable for a sustainable world. Energy crisis, especially the poor access and affordability, demand–supply mismatches, energy inequality, and high dependence on non-renewable energy sources, are the challenges before the attainment of clean energy goals for sustainable development. The 5-year review from the adoption of sustainable development goals (SDGs) by using bibliometric and thematic analysis was conducted in this review. This review is a synthesis of 175 scientific papers on SDG 7. Policy reforms and better funding; technology innovation and inclusion; and economic growth, rapid promotion of renewable, and alternative fuels are the recommendations for the achievement of the energy goals. Future research on energy-related goals should focus on energy justice, policy reforms, energy poverty, poor affordability, off-grid transmissions, renewable energy sources, alternative fuels, reforms in the energy supply chain, and international cooperation for better implementation of projects and for attracting foreign capital and private funds. This paper invites the attention of practitioners, academicians, funding agencies, and international agencies to collaborate in the initiatives for a clean, green, and energized world.