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Assessing ecotoxicity and uptake of metals and metalloids in relation to two different earthworm species (Eiseina horterzsis and Lumbricus terrestris)
2013
Leveque , Thibaut (Université de ToulouseEcolab Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle, Castanet-Tolosan31326 Castanet-Tolosan (France). INP-ENSATUMR 5245 CNRS-INP-UPS) | Capowiez , Yvan (INRA , Avignon (France). UR 1115 Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles) | Schreck , Eva (Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, Toulouse(France). UMR 5563 CNRS/UPS/IRD/CNES) | Mazzia , Christophe (Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Écologie Marine et Continentale(France). UMR CNRS 7263) | Auffan , Mélanie (Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement des Géosciences de l'Environnement, Aix-en-Provence(France). Europôle méditerranéen de l’Arbois) | Foucault , Yann (Université de ToulouseEcolab Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelleSociété de Traitement Chimique des Métaux, Castanet-Tolosan31326 Castanet-Tolosan Toulouse(France). INP-ENSATUMR 5245 CNRS-INP-UPS) | Austruy , Annabelle (Université de ToulouseEcolab Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle, Castanet-Tolosan31326 Castanet-Tolosan (France). INP-ENSATUMR 5245 CNRS-INP-UPS) | Dumat , Camille (auteur de correspondance) (Université de ToulouseEcolab Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle, Castanet-Tolosan31326 Castanet-Tolosan (France). INP-ENSATUMR 5245 CNRS-INP-UPS)
Due to diffuse atmospheric fallouts of process particles enriched by metals and metalloids, polluted soils concern large areas at the global scale. Useful tools to assess ecotoxicity induced by these polluted soils are therefore needed. Earthworms are currently used as biotest, however the influence of specie and earthworm behaviour, soil characteristics are poorly highlighted. Our aim was therefore to assess the toxicity of various polluted soils with process particles enriches by metals and metalloids (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, As and Sb) collected from a lead recycling facility on two earthworm species belonging to different ecological types and thus likely to have contrasted behavioural responses (Eiseina hortensis and Lumbricus terrestris). The combination of behavioural factors measurements (cast production and biomass) and physicochemical parameters such as metal absorption, bioaccumulation by earthworms and their localization in invertebrate tissues provided a valuable indication of pollutant bioavailability and ecotoxicity. Soil characteristics influenced ecotoxicity and metal uptake by earthworms, as well as their soil bioturbation.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Using a two site-reactive model for simulating one century changes of Zn and Pb concentration profiles in soils affected by metallurgical fallout
2012
Mallmann , Fábio Joel Kochem (Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria(Brésil). Departamento de Solos) | Rheinheimer , Danilo dos Santos (Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria(Brésil). Departamento de Solos) | Labanowski , Jérôme (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Poitiers(France). UMR 6008, LCME, Université de Poitiers-ESIP) | Cambier , Philippe (INRA , Versailles (France). UR 0251 Physico-chimie et Ecotoxicologie des Sols d'agrosystèmes contaminés) | Lamy , Isabelle (INRA , Versailles (France). UR 0251 Physico-chimie et Ecotoxicologie des Sols d'agrosystèmes contaminés) | Santanna , Maria Alice (Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria(Brésil). Departamento de Física) | Tessier , Daniel (INRA , Versailles (France). UR 0251 Physico-chimie et Ecotoxicologie des Sols d'agrosystèmes contaminés) | Van Oort , Folkert (INRA , Versailles (France). UR 0251 Physico-chimie et Ecotoxicologie des Sols d'agrosystèmes contaminés)
Predicting the transfer of contaminants in soils is often hampered by lacking validation of mathematical models. Here, we applied Hydrus-2D software to three agricultural soils for simulating the 1900–2005 changes of zinc and lead concentration profiles derived from industrial atmospheric deposition, to validate the tested models with plausible assumptions on past metal inputs to reach the 2005 situation. The models were set with data from previous studies on the geochemical background, estimated temporal metal deposition, and the 2005 metal distributions. Different hypotheses of chemical reactions of metals with the soil solution were examined: 100% equilibrium or partial equilibrium, parameterized following kinetic chemical extractions. Finally, a two-site model with kinetic constant values adjusted at 1% of EDTA extraction parameters satisfactory predicted changes in metal concentration profiles for two arable soils. For a grassland soil however, this model showed limited applicability by ignoring the role of earthworm activity in metal incorporation.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Kinetic extractions to assess mobilization of Zn, Pb, Cu, and Cd in a metal-contaminated soil: EDTA vs. citrate.
2008
Labanowski , Jérome (INRA , Versailles (France). UR 0251 Physico-chimie et Ecotoxicologie des Sols d'agrosystèmes contaminés) | Monna , Fabrice (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Dijon(France). Univ. de Bourgogne Centre des Sciences de la Terre) | Bermond , Alain (INRA , Thiverval-Grignon (France). UMR 1091 Environnement et Grandes Cultures) | Cambier , Philippe (INRA , Versailles (France). UR 0251 Physico-chimie et Ecotoxicologie des Sols d'agrosystèmes contaminés) | Fernandez , Christelle (INRA , Versailles (France). UR 0251 Physico-chimie et Ecotoxicologie des Sols d'agrosystèmes contaminés) | Lamy , Isabelle (INRA , Versailles (France). UR 0251 Physico-chimie et Ecotoxicologie des Sols d'agrosystèmes contaminés) | Van Oort , Folkert (INRA , Versailles (France). UR 0251 Physico-chimie et Ecotoxicologie des Sols d'agrosystèmes contaminés)
Kinetic EDTA and citrate extractions were used to mimic metal mobilization in a soil contaminated by metallurgical fallout. Modeling of metal removal rates vs. time distinguished two metal pools: readily labile (QM1) and less labile (QM2). In citrate extractions, total extractability (QM1 + QM2) of Zn and Cd was proportionally higher than for Pb and Cu. Proportions of Pb and Cu extracted with EDTA were three times higher than when using citrate. We observed similar QM1/QM2 ratios for Zn and Cu regardless of the extractant, suggesting comparable binding energies to soil constituents. However, for Pb and Cd, more heterogeneous binding energies were hypothesized to explain different kinetic extraction behaviors. Proportions of citrate-labile metals were found consistent with their short-term, in-situ mobility assessed in the studied soil, i.e., metal amount released in the soil solution or extracted by cultivated plants. Kinetic EDTA extractions were hypothesized to be more predictive for long-term metal migration with depth.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Use of the MicroResp™ method to assess pollution-induced community tolerance to metals for lotic biofilms
2011
Tlili , Ahmed (Institut National de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies pour l'Environnement et l'Agriculture, Lyon cedex 09(France). UR MAEP) | Maréchal , Marjorie (Institut National de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies pour l'Environnement et l'Agriculture, Lyon cedex 09(France). UR MAEP) | Montuelle , Bernard (Institut National de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies pour l'Environnement et l'Agriculture, Lyon cedex 09(France). UR MAEP) | Volat , Bernadette (Institut National de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies pour l'Environnement et l'Agriculture, Lyon cedex 09(France). UR MAEP) | Dorigo , Ursula (INRA , Thonon-Les-Bains (France). UMR 0042 Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques des Ecosystèmes limniques) | Berard , Annette (INRA , Avignon (France). UMR 1114 Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes )
Understanding the ecological status of aquatic ecosystems and the impact of anthropogenic contamination requires correlating exposure to toxicants with impact on biological communities. Several tools exist for assessing the ecotoxicity of substances, but there is still a need for new tools that are ecologically relevant and easy to use. We have developed a protocol based on the substrate-induced respiration of a river biofilm community, using the MicroResp™ technique, in a pollution-induced community tolerance approach. The results show that MicroResp™ can be used in bioassays to assess the toxicity toward biofilm communities of a wide range of metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Ag, Ni, Fe, Co, Al and As). Moreover, a community-level physiological profile based on the mineralization of different carbon substrates was established. Finally, the utility of MicroResp™ was confirmed in an in-situ study showing gradient of tolerance to copper correlated to a contamination gradient of this metal in a small river. A modified MicroResp™ technique as a tool for measuring induced tolerance to heavy metals of a microbial biofilm community
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Anthropogenic lead distribution in soils under arable land and permanent grassland estimated by Pb isotopic compositions
2008
Fernandez , Christelle (INRA , Versailles (France). UR 0251 Physico-chimie et Ecotoxicologie des Sols d'agrosystèmes contaminés) | Monna , Fabrice (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Dijon(France). Centre des Sciences de la Terre) | Labanowski , Jérome (INRA , Versailles (France). UR 0251 Physico-chimie et Ecotoxicologie des Sols d'agrosystèmes contaminés) | Loubet , Michel (Université Toulouse 3, Toulouse(France). Laboratoire de Géochimie) | Van Oort , Folkert (INRA , Versailles (France). UR 0251 Physico-chimie et Ecotoxicologie des Sols d'agrosystèmes contaminés)
The role of land use on fate of metals in soils is poorly understood. In this work, we studied the incorporation of lead in two neighboring soils with comparable pedogenesis but under long-term different agricultural management. Distributions of anthropogenic Pb were assessed from concentrations and isotopic compositions determined on bulk horizon samples, systematical 5–10 cm increment samples, and on 24-h EDTA extracts. Minor amounts of anthropogenic lead were detected until 1-m depth under permanent grassland, linked to high earthworm activity. In arable land, exogenous Pb predominantly accumulated at depths <60 cm. Although the proximity between the two sites ensured comparable exposition regarding atmospheric Pb deposition, the isotopic compositions clearly showed the influence of an unidentified component for the cultivated soil. This work highlights the need for exhaustive information on historical human activities in such anthropized agrosystems when fate of metal pollution is considered.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Competitive sorption of heavy metal by soils. Isotherms and fractional factorial experiments
1998
Echevarria, Guillaume | Morera, M.T. | Mazkiaran, C. | Garrido, J.J. | Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (LSE) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL) | Universidad Pública de Navarra [Espagne] = Public University of Navarra (UPNA)
Competing ions strongly affect heavy metal sorption onto the solid surfaces of soil. This study evaluated competitive sorption of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn on three soils: Calcixerollic Xerochrept, Paralithic Xerorthent and Lithic Haplumbrept. Monometal and competitive sorption isotherms were obtained at 25°C. The individual effect of ions on retention of the others was ascertained by a fractional factorial analysis design. Most of the sorption isotherms belonged to type L subtype 2 in the classification of Giles. In competitive sorption the initial linear part was shorter and the knee sharper when compared with monometal sorption isotherms. Parameters related to sorptive capacity, such as Point B, Langmuir monolayer and Freundlich distribution coefficient, were higher in monometal than in competitive sorption, and in basic soils than in acidic soil. Calcium desorbed at different points of the sorption isotherms indicated that cationic exchange with Ca was the main retention mechanism in calcareous soils. For Pb, the ratio Ca desorbed/Pb sorbed was close to one; for Cu, Ni and Zn the ratio ranged from 1.20 to 1.37, probably due to partial dissolution of calcium carbonates by hydrolytic processes during retention. On the other hand, Cd had a ratio around 0.6 reflecting another additional retention mechanism, probably surface complexation. Fractional factorial design confirmed that the presence of the cations investigated reduced the amount of the five metals retained, but the presence of Cu and Pb in the system depressed Ni, Cd and Zn sorption more than the inverse. Cation mobility was enhanced when equilibrium concentration increased and the effect was higher in Ca-saturated soils.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Heavy metals and trace elements content in camel milk and shubat from Kazakhstan
2008
Meldebekova, Aliya | Konuspayeva, Gaukhar | Diacono, Emilie | Faye, Bernard
In Kazakhstan, camel milk is mainly consumed after fermentation process. The fermented camel milk, named shubat, is generally home-made by the traditional process. The changes in mineral composition of camel milk during the fermentation process were rarely studied especially for heavy metals. The present study aimed to assess the change in heavy metals and trace-elements contents during the fermentation process. Samples of milk and shubat were collected in eight farms of Southern Kazakhstan in order to determine copper, iron, manganese, zinc, arsenic and lead. In camel milk mean content of these heavy metals was respectively of 0.065 ± 0.04, 1.478 ± 0.53, 0.084 ± 0.03, 5.163 ± 2.17, <0.1 and 0.025 ± 0.02 ppm. In shubat, the mean content was 0.163 ± 0.164, 1.57 ± 0.46, 0.088 ± 0.02, 7.217 ± 2.55, and 0.007 ppm respectively. Arsenic was detected in some samples of milk and shubat only. A relationship between heavy metals in raw milk and shubat at the farm level was observed. (Résumé d'auteur)
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Trace elements and heavy metals statuts in Arabian camel
2008
Faye, Bernard | Seboussi, Rabiha | Askar, Mustapha
In the desert, camel rearing is an important cultural fact. In the present paper, 240 Arabian camels from Emirates were sampled for the determination of trace elements and different heavy metals. The following elements were tested: copper, zinc, iron, aluminium, arsenic, boron, barium, cobalt, chromium, cadmium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, strontium and lead. The variation factors included age, sex and physiological status. On the average, the mineral contents were 190.3 µg/100 ml (iron), 60.1 µg/100 ml (copper), 44.0 µg/100 ml (strontium), 22.5 µg/100 ml (arsenic), 20.0 µg/100 ml (zinc), 19.7 µg/100 ml (selenium), 19.3 µg/100 ml (boron) and 14.6 µg/100 ml (barium). Other minerals like aluminium (3.7 µg/100 ml), molybdenum (2.9 µg/100 ml), chromium (2.0 µg/100 ml), nickel (1.8 µg/100 ml), lead (1.5 µg/100 ml), manganese (0.16 µg/100 ml), cobalt (0.08 µg/100 ml) and cadmium (0.07 µg/100 ml) were in very small concentration. Age, sex and physiological effects were assessed for some parameters. According to the lack of references in camel species, it is difficult to link those results to polluting context. But those data could contribute to understand the heavy metal status in camel confronted to pollution. (Résumé d'auteur)
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Plant, water and milk pollution in Kazakhstan
2008
Diacono, Emilie | Faye, Bernard | Meldebekova, Aliya | Konuspayeva, Gaukhar
Since its independence in 1991, Kazakhstan is in a state of "ecological crises", due to the specific place for nuclear test by soviet government for long time, and to the development of irrigation for field cottons linked with decreasing Aral Sea level. In addition the manufacturing of metals and the minerals had some impact on environmental contamination. In the South of Kazakhstan, eight farms were sampled close to probable pollution sources. Samples of camel milk, fodder and water were collected in each farm and analyzed for copper, iron, manganese, zinc, arsenic and lead. The mean content in fodder of Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, As and Pb was 10.40 ± 2.93, 793.69 ± 630.48, 62.38 ± 20.67, 32.95 ± 27.15, 1.03 ± 0.49 and 4.28 ± 9.60 ppm respectively. In camel milk mean content of these heavy metals was respectively of 0.07 ± 0.04, 1.48 ± 0.53, 0.08 ± 0.03, 5.16 ± 2.17, <0.1, and 0.025 ± 0.02 ppm respectively. No heavy metals were detected in samples of water with the analytical methods used. The relationships between heavy metals in water, forages and milk were not clear. Some information's are lacking. We need to extend sampling at more areas where camels, cows, goat and sheep farms are closed to pollution areas, and analyzed other heavy metals suspected in pollution process.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Assessing ecotoxicity and uptake of metals and metalloids in relation to two different earthworm species (Eiseina horterzsis and Lumbricus terrestris)
2013
Leveque, Thibaut | Capowiez, Yvan | Schreck, Eva | Mazzia, Christophe | Auffan, Mélanie | Foucault, Yann | Austruy, Annabelle
Due to diffuse atmospheric fallouts of process particles enriched by metals and metalloids, polluted soils concern large areas at the global scale. Useful tools to assess ecotoxicity induced by these polluted soils are therefore needed. Earthworms are currently used as biotest, however the influence of specie and earthworm behaviour, soil characteristics are poorly highlighted. Our aim was therefore to assess the toxicity of various polluted soils with process particles enriches by metals and metalloids (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, As and Sb) collected from a lead recycling facility on two earthworm species belonging to different ecological types and thus likely to have contrasted behavioural responses (Eiseina hortensis and Lumbricus terrestris). The combination of behavioural factors measurements (cast production and biomass) and physicochemical parameters such as metal absorption, bioaccumulation by earthworms and their localization in invertebrate tissues provided a valuable indication of pollutant bioavailability and ecotoxicity. Soil characteristics influenced ecotoxicity and metal uptake by earthworms, as well as their soil bioturbation.
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