Refinar búsqueda
Resultados 1-9 de 9
Assessment of the ability of roadside vegetation to remove particulate matter from the urban air
2021
Kończak, B. | Cempa, M. | Pierzchała, Ł | Deska, M.
The development of urbanised areas together with the growing transport infrastructure and traffic volume are the main cause of air quality deterioration due to the increasing concentrations of particulate matter. Dust pollution is a threat to human health. It can cause the development of lung, larynx or circulatory system cancer. Due to the ability to accumulate dust particles on the leaf surface, the contribution of trees in the process of phytoremediation of air pollution has started to be appreciated. An analysis of the elemental composition of particulate matter (PM) stored on the leaves surface was also carried out, which showed high average concentration of: C > O > Si > Fe (above 8wt.%). It was also observed single particles with a high concentration of heavy metals: Ti, Mn, Ba, Zn, Cr, Pb, Sn, Ni and REE (rare earth elements). The major origin of PM are vehicular emissions, soil and re-suspended road dust. This paper presents also a comparison of selected tree, shrub and vine species differing in their ability to accumulate particulate matter. It was experimentally determined the average leaf surface of individual plant species and established the amount of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter between 10 and 100 μm, 2.5 and 10 μm, and 0.2 and 2.5 μm deposited on the leaf surface and in waxes.Some species of vines (Parthenocissus quinquefolia), shrubs (Forsythia x intermediata) and coniferous trees, such as Betula pendula ‘Youngii’, Quercus rubra, Cratageus monogyna, Acer pseduoplatanus, Tilia cordata Mill. or Platanus orientalis turned out to be the most efficient in the process of phylloremediation.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]A review of metal (Pb and Zn) sensitive and pH tolerant bioassay organisms for risk screening of metal-contaminated acidic soils
2013
Chapman, E.Emily V. | Dave, Göran | Murimboh, John D.
To improve risk estimates at the screening stage of Ecological Risk Assessment (ERA), short duration bioassays tailored to undisturbed soil cores from the contaminated site could be useful. However, existing standardized bioassays use disturbed soil samples and often pH sensitive organisms. This is a problem as naturally acidic soils are widespread. Changing soil properties to suit the test organism may change metal bioavailability, leading to erroneous risk estimates. For bioassays in undisturbed soil cores to be effective, species able to withstand natural soil properties must be identified. This review presents a critical examination of bioassay species' tolerance of acidic soils and sensitivity to metal contaminants such as Pb and Zn. Promising organisms include; Dendrobaena octaedra, Folsomia candida, Caenorhabditis elegans, Oppia nitens, Brassica rapa, Trifolium pratense, Allium cepa, Quercus rubra and Acer rubrum. The MetSTICK test and the Bait lamina test were also identified as suitable microorganism tests.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Responses of plants to simulated saline drift as affected by species and conditions of exposure
1991
McCune, D.C. | Silberman, D.H. (Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 (USA))
Growth and nutrition of Quercus rubra L. seedlings and mature trees after three seasons of ozone exposure
1996
Samuelson, L.J. | Kelly, J.M. | Mays, P.A. | Edwards, G.S. (School of Forestry, Auburn University, AL 36849-5418 (USA))
Does (K+Mg+Ca+P) fertilization lead to recovery of tree health in a nitrogen stressed Quercus rubra L. stand?
1994
Boxman, A.W. | Cobben, P.L.W. | Roelofs, J.G.M. (Department of Ecology, Section of Environmental Ecology, University of Nijmegen, PO Box 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen (Netherlands))
Height growth of northern red oak in relation to site and atmospheric deposition in Pennsylvania
1993
McClenahen, J.R. | Long, R.P. (School of Natural Resources, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster (USA))
Do Leaf Characteristics of White Willow (Salix alba L.), Northern Red Oak (Quercus rubra L.), and Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) Respond Differently to Ambient Air Pollution and Other Environmental Stressors?
2013
Wuytack, Tatiana | Samson, Roeland | Wuyts, Karen | Adriaenssens, Sandy | Kardel, Fatemeh | Verheyen, Kris
This study assessed the effect of ambient air pollution on leaf characteristics of white willow, northern red oak, and Scots pine. Willow, oak, and pine saplings were planted at sixteen locations in Belgium, where nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide (SO 2), and particulate matter (PM10) concentrations were continuously measured. The trees were exposed to ambient air during 6 months (April-September 2010), and, thereafter, specific leaf area (SLA), stomatal resistance (R s), leaf fluctuating asymmetry (FA), drop contact angle (CA), relative chlorophyll content, and chlorophyll fluorescence (F v/F m) were measured. Leaf characteristics of willow, oak, and pine were differently related to the ambient air pollution, indicating a species-dependent response. Willow and pine had a higher SLA at measuring stations with higher NO2 and lower O3 concentrations. Willow had a higher R s and pine had a higher F v/F m at measuring stations with a higher NO2 and lower O 3 concentrations, while oak had a higher F v/F m and a lower FA at measuring stations with a higher NO2 and lower O3 concentrations. FA and R s of willow, oak, and pine, SLA of oak, and CA of willow were rather an indicator for local adaptation to the micro-environment than an indicator for the ambient air pollution. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Foliar sensitivity of eight eastern hardwood tree species to ozone
1992
Davis, D.D. (Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (USA). Dept. of Plant Pathology) | Skelly, J.M.
Aluminium toxicity in forests exposed to acidic deposition: the ALBIOS results
1989
Cronan, C.S. (Maine Univ., Orono, ME (USA). Dept. of Botany) | April, R. | Bartlett, R.J. | Bloom, P.R. | Driscoll, C.T. | Gherini, S.A. | Henderson, G.S. | Joslin, J.D. | Kelly, J.M. | Newton, R.M. | Parnell, R.A. | Patterson, H.H. | Raynal, D.J. | Schaedle, M. | Schofield, C.L. | Sucoff, E.I. | Tepper, H.B. | Thornton, F.C.