This article is devoted to the study of the impact of the development of the Lomonosov diamond deposit on the pollution of watercourses with trace metals. The high water cut of the exposed rock strata and the presence of groundwater require the constant pumping of wastewater into the filtration fields, and then to the nearby river. This work shows a significant contribution of discharge processes and drainage waters to the trace metal contents in the surface waters of the Zolotitsa river; an increase in the concentrations of Mg, Sr, Zn, Cu, Cd, As , and Se was noted. The seasonal variations of physicochemical parameters, the trace metal contents, as well as the total uranium and U isotope 234U, 238U, and 235U were analysed. Calculations of water quality indices (HMEI, HMPI, and HMTL) and public health risks (HI and CR) revealed a high level of pollution of certain sections of watercourses. Radiological studies of polluted rivers in the area showed a satisfactory situation. The results of this study can provide a basis for the subsequent monitoring of the impact of anthropogenic activities on nearby watercourses in the development of diamond deposits.

Severodvinsk city is the largest industrial center for the construction and repair of naval vessels in the NW Russia. The purpose of the presented study was to identify the main sources of pollution of the Severodvinsk industrial region and assess the ecological situation based on analysis of toxic metals in water and snow. Heavy metals content in water, melt snow filtrate and solid residue was measured using ICP-MS. On the urban area, there were high concentrations of Fe (up to 2843 MPC) in soluble form of snow, Al (up to 4680 MPC), Fe (up to 2807 MPC), Ni (up to 66.5 MPC), Pb (up to 44.7 MPC), Cd (up to 43.3 MPC), Cr (up to 43.2 MPC), Mn (up to 13.3 MPC), Co (up to 7.3 MPC), and As (up to 3.4 MPC) in insoluble form of snow, Fe (up to 56213 MPC) in water from wells. There were high values of mineralization (598 mg/L) and low pH values (to 5.21) in sites most susceptible to anthropogenic pollution. Statistical analysis showed that most of the metals in snow cover were linked with each other by strong correlation (r>0.9). Calculation of toxicological indices HMEI, HMPI, HMTL, HI and CR showed extremely high and dangerous for public health level of heavy metal pollution in the Severodvinsk industrial district. Studied radiation parameters of water from wells were within acceptable limits. Results obtained indicate the need to change the type of fuel in thermal power plant and reduce toxic emissions from the shipbuilding enterprises.