Refinar búsqueda
Resultados 141-145 de 145
Reducing emissions and air pollution from informal brick kilns: Evidence from Bangladesh Texto completo
2025
Brooks, Nina | Biswas, Debashish | Maithel, Sameer | Miller, Grant | Mahajan, Aprajit | Uddin, M. Rofi | Ahmed, Shoeb | Mahzab, Moogdho | Rahman, Mahbubur | Luby, Stephen P.
Estimating Power Plant Contributions to Surface Pollution in a Wintertime Arctic Environment Texto completo
2025
Brett, Natalie | Arnold, Steve, R | Law, Kathy, S | Raut, Jean-Christophe | Onishi, Tatsuo | Barret, Brice | Dieudonné, Elsa | Cesler-Maloney, Meeta | Simpson, William | Bekki, Slimane | Savarino, Joel | Albertin, Sarah | Gilliam, Robert | Fahey, Kathleen | Pouliot, George | Huff, Deanna | D’anna, Barbara | ATMOSPHERE - LATMOS ; Laboratoire Atmosphères, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS) ; Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | School of Earth and Environment [Leeds] (SEE) ; University of Leeds | Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie de l'Atmosphère (LPCA) ; Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO) | Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry [Fairbanks] ; University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF) | Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (Fédération OSUG)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP) ; Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA) | Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (Fédération OSUG) | Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling (CEMM) ; US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) | Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation (ADEC) | Laboratoire Chimie de l'environnement (LCE) ; Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Chimie - CNRS Chimie (INC-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | ANR-21-CE01-0017,CASPA,Sources d'aérosols et processus liés au climat dans l'Arctique(2021)
International audience | Arctic winter meteorology and orography in the Fairbanks North Star Borough (FNSB, interior Alaska) promote stably stratified boundary layers, often causing acute pollution episodes that exceed the US-EPA National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Power plant emission contributions to breathing level (0-10 m) pollution are estimated over the FNSB using highresolution Lagrangian tracer simulations run with temporally varying emissions and power plant plume rise accounting for atmospheric boundary layer stability and validated against comprehensive ALPACA-2022 observations. Average relative power plant contributions of 5-23% and 4-28% are diagnosed for SO 2 and NO x , respectively, with lower relative contributions in polluted conditions due to larger surface emissions. Highest population-weighted contributions are found in central and eastern (residential) areas of Fairbanks. Significant temporal variability in power plant contributions is revealed, depending on power plant operations and Arctic boundary layer stability. Vertical transport of power plant tracers to the surface depends on the interplay between the presence of temperature inversion layers and power plant stack heights as well as prevailing large-scale or local winds. Notably, power plant emissions can be transported to the surface even under strongly stable conditions, especially from shorter stacks, whereas down mixing from tall stacks mainly occurs under weakly stable conditions.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Assessing the vulnerability of groundwater to pollution under different land management scenarios using the modified DRASTIC model in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia Texto completo
2025
Ashagrie, W. A. | Tarkegn, T. G. | Ray, R. L. | Tefera, G. W. | Demessie, S. F. | Tsegaye, L. | Adem, A. A. | Worqlul, A. W. | van Oel, P. R. | Adgo, E. | Haileslassie, Amare | Dile, Y. T. | Mekonnen, M. | Chukalla, A. D.
Assessing the vulnerability of groundwater to pollution under different land management scenarios using the modified DRASTIC model in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia Texto completo
2025
Ashagrie, W. A. | Tarkegn, T. G. | Ray, R. L. | Tefera, G. W. | Demessie, S. F. | Tsegaye, L. | Adem, A. A. | Worqlul, A. W. | van Oel, P. R. | Adgo, E. | Haileslassie, Amare | Dile, Y. T. | Mekonnen, M. | Chukalla, A. D.
Groundwater is one of the most vital natural resources worldwide. However, shallow aquifers are prone to contamination, posing significant risks to human health, livestock, agricultural productivity, and economic growth. Identifying appropriate land management strategies is critical for mitigating groundwater vulnerability to pollution. This study evaluates groundwater vulnerability to pollution under various land management scenarios using the modified DRASTIC model in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia. The analysis incorporates multiple parameters within the ArcGIS environment, including depth to water table, net recharge, aquifer characteristics, soil properties, topography, vadose zone, hydraulic conductivity, and land use/land cover (LULC). In this study, LULC was added as an additional parameter to enhance the DRASTIC model. Groundwater vulnerability to pollution was evaluated under four distinct land management scenarios: baseline, agricultural expansion, urbanization, and reforestation. A single-parameter sensitivity analysis and a map removal sensitivity analysis were performed to identify the most influential parameters affecting groundwater vulnerability under the baseline LULC conditions. The result revealed that groundwater vulnerability in Bahir Dar City under baseline conditions is primarily influenced by LULC and net recharge. The areal average groundwater vulnerability to pollution index at the baseline scenario was 184. Agricultural expansion and urbanization increased the areal average groundwater vulnerability to pollution by 4.9 % and 1.6 %, respectively, while the reforestation scenario reduced it by 1.6 %. These findings highlight the critical role of effective land management practices, such as reforestation, in mitigating groundwater susceptibility to pollution. The results also indicate that groundwater vulnerability to pollution varies across different geological formations. Therefore, given the influence of geological variability on groundwater vulnerability, incorporating geological considerations into urban expansion planning is essential for minimizing the risk of groundwater contamination.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Assessing the vulnerability of groundwater to pollution under different land management scenarios using the modified DRASTIC model in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia Texto completo
2025
Ashagrie, Wasie Asmamaw | Tarkegn, Temesgen Gashaw | Ray, Ram Lakhan | Tefera, Gebrekidan Worku | Demessie, Sintayehu Fetene | Tsegaye, Lewoye | Adem, Anwar Assefa | Worqlul, Abeyou W. | van Oel, Pieter R. | Adgo, Enyew | Haileslassie, Amare | Dile, Yihun T. | Mekonnen, Mulatie | Chukalla, Abebe D.
Groundwater is one of the most vital natural resources worldwide. However, shallow aquifers are prone to contamination, posing significant risks to human health, livestock, agricultural productivity, and economic growth. Identifying appropriate land management strategies is critical for mitigating groundwater vulnerability to pollution. This study evaluates groundwater vulnerability to pollution under various land management scenarios using the modified DRASTIC model in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia. The analysis incorporates multiple parameters within the ArcGIS environment, including depth to water table, net recharge, aquifer characteristics, soil properties, topography, vadose zone, hydraulic conductivity, and land use/land cover (LULC). In this study, LULC was added as an additional parameter to enhance the DRASTIC model. Groundwater vulnerability to pollution was evaluated under four distinct land management scenarios: baseline, agricultural expansion, urbanization, and reforestation. A single-parameter sensitivity analysis and a map removal sensitivity analysis were performed to identify the most influential parameters affecting groundwater vulnerability under the baseline LULC conditions. The result revealed that groundwater vulnerability in Bahir Dar City under baseline conditions is primarily influenced by LULC and net recharge. The areal average groundwater vulnerability to pollution index at the baseline scenario was 184. Agricultural expansion and urbanization increased the areal average groundwater vulnerability to pollution by 4.9 % and 1.6 %, respectively, while the reforestation scenario reduced it by 1.6 %. These findings highlight the critical role of effective land management practices, such as reforestation, in mitigating groundwater susceptibility to pollution. The results also indicate that groundwater vulnerability to pollution varies across different geological formations. Therefore, given the influence of geological variability on groundwater vulnerability, incorporating geological considerations into urban expansion planning is essential for minimizing the risk of groundwater contamination.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Improved tools for estimation of ammonia emission from field-applied animal slurry: Refinement of the ALFAM2 model and database Texto completo
2024 | 2025
Hafner, Sasha D. | Pedersen, Johanna | Fuß, Roland | Kamp, Jesper Nørlem | Dalby, Frederik Rask | Amon, Barbara | Pacholski, Andreas | Adamsen, Anders Peter S. | Sommer, Sven Gjedde
Ammonia volatilization from animal slurry applied to agricultural fields reduces nitrogen use efficiency in agriculture and pollutes the environment. This work presents new versions of a model and database focused on this route of N loss. The public ALFAM2 database (https://github.com/AU-BCE-EE/ALFAM2-data) was expanded with ammonia emission and ancillary measurements for >700 additional field plots. The ALFAM2 model (https://github.com/AU-BCE-EE/ALFAM2, https://zenodo.org/records/13312251) was extended with the addition of an ammonia sink for more plausible predictions over extended durations and to better reflect the expected reduction in emission rate several days after slurry application. A new parameter set was developed for the model taking into account the newly available measurement data. Model efficiency improved to 0.67 for the parameter estimation subset (0.52 for cross-validation) and mean absolute error was around 10% of applied total ammoniacal nitrogen. As in earlier versions, predicted emission is sensitive to application method, slurry dry matter and pH, air temperature, and wind speed. A collection of parameter sets for estimating uncertainty in average predictions was developed using a bootstrap approach. Predicted uncertainty is not trivial, and is high for some variable combinations, highlighting the challenge of making predictions based on available measurement data. Still, this work has resulted in more accurate, comprehensive, transparent, and flexible tools for emission inventory and related work on ammonia loss from field-applied slurry.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Strong sustainability in the SEEA and the wider indicator landscape Texto completo
2025
The System of Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA) remains neutral when it comes to the weak and strong sustainability worldviews. However, although its manuals do not contain any references to these concepts, it can support both through physical and monetary accounting. Given that strong sustainability is better suited to monitor environmental sustainability, we provide insights into how SEEA can contribute to promote the use of strong sustainability indicators.From a strong sustainability perspective, environmental sustainability requires identifying elements of natural capital to be preserved (critical natural capital) and at the level at which they should be preserved (reference values). SEEA and its manuals do not explicitly define the first element, but the concept of 'reference values' is implicitly embedded with the 'ecosystem condition accounts' introduced in the Ecosystem Accounting (EA) manual. As such, EA is the most relevant element of the SEEA in terms of advancing strong sustainability accounting. Given that ecosystem condition accounting is still in its early stages and that ecosystem condition is currently challenging to determine, three actions are proposed to better integrate strong sustainability in SEEA. First, the next revision of the SEEA Central Framework should be more explicit in how SEEA supports weak and strong sustainability. It should also consider how SEEA is linked to the wider indicator landscape (including the Sustainable Development Goals and the Global Biodiversity Framework). Second, ecosystem condition accounting needs to be further developed, as the more abundant extent accounts cannot capture the quality of ecosystems. Third, ecosystem condition accounting could build on other strong sustainability indicator initiatives such as Planetary Boundaries or the Environmental Sustainability Gap framework that have consistently integrated reference values in the accounting practices. These actions would provide additional means to interpret environmental sustainability beyond the direction of progress as is often the case.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]