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Effect of topography on nitrous oxide emissions from winter wheat fields in Central France Texto completo
2011
Gu, Jiangxin, J. | Nicoullaud, Bernard, B. | Rochette, Philippe, P. | Pennock, Daniel J., D. J. | Hénault, Catherine | Cellier, Pierre, P. | Richard, Guy | Unité de recherche Science du Sol (USS) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | Department of Soil Science ; University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S) | Environnement et Grandes Cultures (EGC) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech
no sp Assessment of Nitrogen Fluxes to Air and Water from Site Scale to Continental Scale | We assessed nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions at shoulder and foot-slope positions along three sloping sites (1.6-2.1%) to identify the factors controlling the spatial variations in emissions. The three sites received same amounts of total nitrogen (N) input at 170 kg N ha−1. Results showed that landscape positions had a significant, but not consistent effect on N2O fluxes with larger emission in the foot-slope at only one of the three sites. The effect of soil inorganic N (NH4+ + NO3−) contents on N2O fluxes (r2 = 0.55, p < 0.001) was influenced by water-filled pore space (WFPS). Soil N2O fluxes were related to inorganic N at WFPS > 60% (r2 = 0.81, p < 0.001), and NH4+ contents at WFPS < 60% (r2 = 0.40, p < 0.01), respectively. Differences in WFPS between shoulder and foot-slope correlated linearly with differences in N2O fluxes (r2 = 0.45, p < 0.001). We conclude that spatial variations in N2O emission were regulated by the influence of hydrological processes on soil aeration intensity.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]NitroScape: A model to integrate nitrogen transfers and transformations in rural landscapes Texto completo
2011
Duretz, Sylvia, S. | Drouet, Jean-Louis | Durand, Patrick | Hutchings, N.J., N.J. | Theobald, M.R., M.R. | Salmon-Monviola, Jordy | Dragosits, U., U. | Maury, Olivier, O. | Sutton, M.A., M.A. | Cellier, Pierre, P. | Environnement et Grandes Cultures (EGC) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech | Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST | Department of Agroecology ; Aarhus University [Aarhus] | Department of Chemistry and Agricultural Analysis ; Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)
no sp Assessment of Nitrogen Fluxes to Air and Water from Site Scale to Continental Scale | Modelling nitrogen transfer and transformation at the landscape scale is relevant to estimate the mobility of the reactive forms of nitrogen (Nr) and the associated threats to the environment. Here we describe the development of a spatially and temporally explicit model to integrate Nr transfer and transformation at the landscape scale. The model couples four existing models, to simulate atmospheric, farm, agro-ecosystem and hydrological Nr fluxes and transformations within a landscape. Simulations were carried out on a theoretical landscape consisting of pig-crop farms interspersed with unmanaged ecosystems. Simulation results illustrated the effect of spatial interactions between landscape elements on Nr fluxes and losses to the environment. More than 10% of the total N2O emissions were due to indirect emissions. The nitrogen budgets and transformations of the unmanaged ecosystems varied considerably, depending on their location within the landscape. The model represents a new tool for assessing the effect of changes in landscape structure on Nr fluxes.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Ecotoxicological assessment of TiO2 byproducts on the earthworm Eisenia fetida Texto completo
2011
Bigorgne, Emilie | Foucaud, Laurent | Emmanuel, Lapied | Labille, Jérôme | Botta, Céline | Sirguey, Catherine | Falla, Jaïro | Rose, Jérôme | Joner, Erik J. | Rodius, François | Nahmani, Johanne | Laboratoire des Interactions Ecotoxicologie, Biodiversité, Ecosystèmes (LIEBE) ; Université Paul Verlaine - Metz (UPVM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Bioforsk Soil and Environment | Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement des Géosciences de l'Environnement (CEREGE) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France | Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (LSE) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL) | French Environment and Energy Management Agency (ADEME); Region Lorraine
Ecotoxicological assessment of TiO2 byproducts on the earthworm Eisenia fetida Texto completo
2011
Bigorgne, Emilie | Foucaud, Laurent | Emmanuel, Lapied | Labille, Jérôme | Botta, Céline | Sirguey, Catherine | Falla, Jaïro | Rose, Jérôme | Joner, Erik J. | Rodius, François | Nahmani, Johanne | Laboratoire des Interactions Ecotoxicologie, Biodiversité, Ecosystèmes (LIEBE) ; Université Paul Verlaine - Metz (UPVM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Bioforsk Soil and Environment | Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement des Géosciences de l'Environnement (CEREGE) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France | Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (LSE) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL) | French Environment and Energy Management Agency (ADEME); Region Lorraine
International audience | The increasing production of nanomaterials will in turn increase the release of nanosized byproducts to the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the behaviour, uptake and ecotoxicity of TiO2 byproducts in the earthworm Eisenia fetida. Worms were exposed to suspensions containing 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/L of byproducts for 24 h. Size of TiO2 byproducts showed aggregation of particles up to 700 mu m with laser diffraction. Only worms exposed at 10 mg/L showed bioaccumulation of titanium (ICP-AES), increasing expression of metallothionein and superoxide dismutase mRNA (Real-time PCR) and induction of apoptotic activity (Apostain and TUNEL). TiO2 byproducts did not induce cytotoxicity on ccelomocytes, but a significant decrease of phagocytosis was observed starting from 0.1 mg/L In conclusion, bioaccumulation of byproducts and their production of reactive oxygen species could be responsible for the alteration of the antioxidant system in worms. Crown Copyright (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Ecotoxicological assessment of TiO₂ byproducts on the earthworm Eisenia fetida Texto completo
2011
Bigorgne, Emilie | Foucaud, Laurent | Lapied, Emmanuel | Labille, Jérôme | Botta, Céline | Sirguey, Catherine | Falla, Jaïro | Rose, Jerome | Joner, Erik J. | Rodius, François | Nahmani, Johanne
The increasing production of nanomaterials will in turn increase the release of nanosized byproducts to the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the behaviour, uptake and ecotoxicity of TiO₂ byproducts in the earthworm Eisenia fetida. Worms were exposed to suspensions containing 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/L of byproducts for 24 h. Size of TiO₂ byproducts showed aggregation of particles up to 700 μm with laser diffraction. Only worms exposed at 10 mg/L showed bioaccumulation of titanium (ICP-AES), increasing expression of metallothionein and superoxide dismutase mRNA (Real-time PCR) and induction of apoptotic activity (Apostain and TUNEL). TiO₂ byproducts did not induce cytotoxicity on cœlomocytes, but a significant decrease of phagocytosis was observed starting from 0.1 mg/L. In conclusion, bioaccumulation of byproducts and their production of reactive oxygen species could be responsible for the alteration of the antioxidant system in worms.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]TiO2-based nanoparticles released in water from commercialized sunscreens in a life-cycle perspective: Structures and quantities Texto completo
2011
Botta, Céline | Labille, Jérôme | Auffan, Melanie | Borschneck, Daniel | Miche, Helene | Cabié, Martiane | Masion, Armand | Rose, Jérôme | Bottero, Jean-Yves | Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement des Géosciences de l'Environnement (CEREGE) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Spectropôle - Aix Marseille Université (AMU SPEC) ; Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
TiO2-based nanoparticles released in water from commercialized sunscreens in a life-cycle perspective: Structures and quantities Texto completo
2011
Botta, Céline | Labille, Jérôme | Auffan, Melanie | Borschneck, Daniel | Miche, Helene | Cabié, Martiane | Masion, Armand | Rose, Jérôme | Bottero, Jean-Yves | Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement des Géosciences de l'Environnement (CEREGE) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Spectropôle - Aix Marseille Université (AMU SPEC) ; Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
International audience | This work investigates the physical-chemical evolution during artificial aging in water of four commercialized sunscreens containing TiO2-based nanocomposites. Sunscreens were analyzed in terms of mineralogy and TiO2 concentration. The residues formed after aging were characterized in size, shape, chemistry and surface properties. The results showed that a significant fraction of nano-TiO2 residues was released from all sunscreens, despite their heterogeneous behaviors. A stable dispersion of submicronic aggregates of nanoparticles was generated, representing up to 38 w/w% of the amount of sunscreen, and containing up to 30% of the total nano-TiO2 initially present in the creams. The stability of the dispersion was tested as a function of salt concentration, revealing that in seawater conditions, a major part of these nano-TiO2 residues will aggregate and sediment. These results were put in perspective with consumption and life cycle of sunscreens to estimate the amount of nano-TiO2 potentially released into AQUATIC environment. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]TiO₂-based nanoparticles released in water from commercialized sunscreens in a life-cycle perspective: Structures and quantities Texto completo
2011
Botta, Céline | Labille, Jérôme | Auffan, Mélanie | Borschneck, Daniel | Miche, Hélène | Cabié, Martiane | Masion, Armand | Rose, Jerome | Bottero, Jean-Yves
This work investigates the physical–chemical evolution during artificial aging in water of four commercialized sunscreens containing TiO₂-based nanocomposites. Sunscreens were analyzed in terms of mineralogy and TiO₂ concentration. The residues formed after aging were characterized in size, shape, chemistry and surface properties. The results showed that a significant fraction of nano-TiO₂ residues was released from all sunscreens, despite their heterogeneous behaviors. A stable dispersion of submicronic aggregates of nanoparticles was generated, representing up to 38w/w% of the amount of sunscreen, and containing up to 30% of the total nano-TiO₂ initially present in the creams. The stability of the dispersion was tested as a function of salt concentration, revealing that in seawater conditions, a major part of these nano-TiO₂ residues will aggregate and sediment. These results were put in perspective with consumption and life cycle of sunscreens to estimate the amount of nano-TiO₂ potentially released into AQUATIC environment.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Use of the MicroResp method to assess pollution-induced community tolerance to metals for lotic biofilms Texto completo
2011
Tlili, Ahmed | Marechal, Marjorie | Montuelle, Bernard | Volat, Bernadette | Dorigo, Ursula | Berard, Annette, A. | Structures et propriétés d'architectures moléculaire (SPRAM - UMR 5819) ; Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC) ; Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Chimie - CNRS Chimie (INC-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques (CARRTEL) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]) | Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY) ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) ; Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH) ; Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Use of the MicroResp method to assess pollution-induced community tolerance to metals for lotic biofilms Texto completo
2011
Tlili, Ahmed | Marechal, Marjorie | Montuelle, Bernard | Volat, Bernadette | Dorigo, Ursula | Berard, Annette, A. | Structures et propriétés d'architectures moléculaire (SPRAM - UMR 5819) ; Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC) ; Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Chimie - CNRS Chimie (INC-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques (CARRTEL) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]) | Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY) ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) ; Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH) ; Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
[Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [TR1_IRSTEA]BELCA | International audience | A modified MicroRespÔ technique as a tool for measuring induced tolerance to heavy metals of a microbial biofilm community. a b s t r a c t Understanding the ecological status of aquatic ecosystems and the impact of anthropogenic contamination requires correlating exposure to toxicants with impact on biological communities. Several tools exist for assessing the ecotoxicity of substances, but there is still a need for new tools that are ecologically relevant and easy to use. We have developed a protocol based on the substrate-induced respiration of a river biofilm community, using the MicroRespÔ technique, in a pollution-induced community tolerance approach. The results show that MicroRespÔ can be used in bioassays to assess the toxicity toward biofilm communities of a wide range of metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Ag, Ni, Fe, Co, Al and As). Moreover, a community-level physiological profile based on the mineralization of different carbon substrates was established. Finally, the utility of MicroRespÔ was confirmed in an in-situ study showing gradient of tolerance to copper correlated to a contamination gradient of this metal in a small river.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Use of the MicroResp™ method to assess pollution-induced community tolerance to metals for lotic biofilms Texto completo
2011
Tlili , Ahmed (Institut National de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies pour l'Environnement et l'Agriculture, Lyon cedex 09(France). UR MAEP) | Maréchal , Marjorie (Institut National de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies pour l'Environnement et l'Agriculture, Lyon cedex 09(France). UR MAEP) | Montuelle , Bernard (Institut National de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies pour l'Environnement et l'Agriculture, Lyon cedex 09(France). UR MAEP) | Volat , Bernadette (Institut National de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies pour l'Environnement et l'Agriculture, Lyon cedex 09(France). UR MAEP) | Dorigo , Ursula (INRA , Thonon-Les-Bains (France). UMR 0042 Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques des Ecosystèmes limniques) | Berard , Annette (INRA , Avignon (France). UMR 1114 Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes )
Understanding the ecological status of aquatic ecosystems and the impact of anthropogenic contamination requires correlating exposure to toxicants with impact on biological communities. Several tools exist for assessing the ecotoxicity of substances, but there is still a need for new tools that are ecologically relevant and easy to use. We have developed a protocol based on the substrate-induced respiration of a river biofilm community, using the MicroResp™ technique, in a pollution-induced community tolerance approach. The results show that MicroResp™ can be used in bioassays to assess the toxicity toward biofilm communities of a wide range of metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Ag, Ni, Fe, Co, Al and As). Moreover, a community-level physiological profile based on the mineralization of different carbon substrates was established. Finally, the utility of MicroResp™ was confirmed in an in-situ study showing gradient of tolerance to copper correlated to a contamination gradient of this metal in a small river. A modified MicroResp™ technique as a tool for measuring induced tolerance to heavy metals of a microbial biofilm community
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Use of the MicroResp™ method to assess pollution-induced community tolerance to metals for lotic biofilms Texto completo
2011
Tlili, Ahmed | Marechal, Marjorie | Montuelle, Bernard | Volat, Bernadette | Dorigo, Ursula | Bérard, Annette
Understanding the ecological status of aquatic ecosystems and the impact of anthropogenic contamination requires correlating exposure to toxicants with impact on biological communities. Several tools exist for assessing the ecotoxicity of substances, but there is still a need for new tools that are ecologically relevant and easy to use. We have developed a protocol based on the substrate-induced respiration of a river biofilm community, using the MicroResp™ technique, in a pollution-induced community tolerance approach. The results show that MicroResp™ can be used in bioassays to assess the toxicity toward biofilm communities of a wide range of metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Ag, Ni, Fe, Co, Al and As). Moreover, a community-level physiological profile based on the mineralization of different carbon substrates was established. Finally, the utility of MicroResp™ was confirmed in an in-situ study showing gradient of tolerance to copper correlated to a contamination gradient of this metal in a small river.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Use of the MicroResp (TM) method to assess pollution-induced community tolerance to metals for lotic biofilms Texto completo
2011
Tlili, Ahmed | Maréchal, Marjorie | Montuelle, Bernard | Volat, Bernadette | Dorigo, Ursula | Berard, Annette
Understanding the ecological status of aquatic ecosystems and the impact of anthropogenic contamination requires correlating exposure to toxicants with impact on biological communities. Several tools exist for assessing the ecotoxicity of substances, but there is still a need for new tools that are ecologically relevant and easy to use. We have developed a protocol based on the substrate-induced respiration of a river biofilm community, using the MicroRes (TM) technique, in a pollution-induced community tolerance approach. The results show that MicroRes (TM) can be used in bioassays to assess the toxicity toward biofilm communities of a wide range of metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Ag, Ni, Fe, Co, Al and As). Moreover, a community-level physiological profile based on the mineralization of different carbon substrates was established. Finally, the utility of MicroRes (TM) was confirmed in an in-situ study showing gradient of tolerance to copper correlated to a contamination gradient of this metal in a small river. A modified MicroRes (TM) technique as a tool for measuring induced tolerance to heavy metals of a microbial biofilm community.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Use of the MicroResp (TM) method to assess pollution-induced community tolerance to metals for lotic biofilms Texto completo
2011
Tlili, Ahmed | Maréchal, Marjorie | Montuelle, Bernard | Volat, Bernadette | Dorigo, Ursula | Berard, Annette
Understanding the ecological status of aquatic ecosystems and the impact of anthropogenic contamination requires correlating exposure to toxicants with impact on biological communities. Several tools exist for assessing the ecotoxicity of substances, but there is still a need for new tools that are ecologically relevant and easy to use. We have developed a protocol based on the substrate-induced respiration of a river biofilm community, using the MicroRes (TM) technique, in a pollution-induced community tolerance approach. The results show that MicroRes (TM) can be used in bioassays to assess the toxicity toward biofilm communities of a wide range of metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Ag, Ni, Fe, Co, Al and As). Moreover, a community-level physiological profile based on the mineralization of different carbon substrates was established. Finally, the utility of MicroRes (TM) was confirmed in an in-situ study showing gradient of tolerance to copper correlated to a contamination gradient of this metal in a small river. A modified MicroRes (TM) technique as a tool for measuring induced tolerance to heavy metals of a microbial biofilm community.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Polychlorinated biphenyls in freshwater salmonids from the Kerguelen Islands in the Southern Ocean Texto completo
2011
Jaffal, Ali | Givaudan, Nicolas | Betoulle, Stéphane | Terreau, Alexandre | Paris-Palacios, Séverine | Biagianti-Risbourg, S. | Beall, Edward | Roche, H. | UNITE DE RECHERCHE VIGNES ET VINS DE CHAMPAGNE - STRESS ET ENVIRONNEMENT - EA2069 (URVV - SE) ; Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA) | Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE) ; Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO) ; Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement - CNRS Ecologie et Environnement (INEE-CNRS) ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | L'Institut polaire français Paul-Emile Victor (IPEV) ; Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.) | Ecologie Comportementale et Biologie des Populations de Poissons (ECOBIOP) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA) | Programme IPEV 409 IMMUNOTOXKER
Polychlorinated biphenyls in freshwater salmonids from the Kerguelen Islands in the Southern Ocean Texto completo
2011
Jaffal, Ali | Givaudan, Nicolas | Betoulle, Stéphane | Terreau, Alexandre | Paris-Palacios, Séverine | Biagianti-Risbourg, S. | Beall, Edward | Roche, H. | UNITE DE RECHERCHE VIGNES ET VINS DE CHAMPAGNE - STRESS ET ENVIRONNEMENT - EA2069 (URVV - SE) ; Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA) | Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE) ; Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO) ; Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement - CNRS Ecologie et Environnement (INEE-CNRS) ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | L'Institut polaire français Paul-Emile Victor (IPEV) ; Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.) | Ecologie Comportementale et Biologie des Populations de Poissons (ECOBIOP) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA) | Programme IPEV 409 IMMUNOTOXKER
International audience | The Subantarctic Kerguelen Islands (49°S, 70°E) contain freshwater ecosystems among the most isolated in the world. Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were assessed in the muscle of 48 brook trout and 38 brown trout caught during summer and spring 2006 in the rivers, lakes and ponds of Kerguelen. The sum of 29 PCBs averaged 404 and 358 ng g-1 lipid, and dioxin-like PCB was 19 and 69 ng g-1 lipid, in brook and brown trout, respectively. The values showed a high variability and some fish accumulated PCBs at levels similar to those of fish from impacted areas. While inter-sex differences were limited, the season and the morphotype appeared to have the most influence. Fish captured in summer had muscle PCB concentrations about three times higher than those caught in spring and the 'river' morphotype of brook trout showed the highest PCB levels.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Polychlorinated biphenyls in freshwater salmonids from the Kerguelen Islands in the Southern Ocean Texto completo
2011
Jaffal, Ali | Givaudan, Nicolas | Betoulle, Stéphane | Terreau, Alexandre | Paris-Palacios, Séverine | Biagianti-Risbourg, S. | Beall, Edward | Roche, H. | UNITE DE RECHERCHE VIGNES ET VINS DE CHAMPAGNE - STRESS ET ENVIRONNEMENT - EA2069 (URVV - SE) ; Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA) | Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE) ; Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO) ; Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE) ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR) ; Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | L'Institut polaire français Paul-Emile Victor (IPEV) ; Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.) | Ecologie Comportementale et Biologie des Populations de Poissons (ECOBIOP) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA) | Programme IPEV 409 IMMUNOTOXKER
International audience | The Subantarctic Kerguelen Islands (49°S, 70°E) contain freshwater ecosystems among the most isolated in the world. Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were assessed in the muscle of 48 brook trout and 38 brown trout caught during summer and spring 2006 in the rivers, lakes and ponds of Kerguelen. The sum of 29 PCBs averaged 404 and 358 ng g-1 lipid, and dioxin-like PCB was 19 and 69 ng g-1 lipid, in brook and brown trout, respectively. The values showed a high variability and some fish accumulated PCBs at levels similar to those of fish from impacted areas. While inter-sex differences were limited, the season and the morphotype appeared to have the most influence. Fish captured in summer had muscle PCB concentrations about three times higher than those caught in spring and the 'river' morphotype of brook trout showed the highest PCB levels.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Polychlorinated biphenyls in freshwater salmonids from the Kerguelen Islands in the Southern Ocean Texto completo
2011
Jaffal, A. | Givaudan, N. | Betoulle, S. | Terreau, A. | Paris-Palacios, S. | Biagianti-Risbourg, S. | Beall, E. | Roche, H.
The Subantarctic Kerguelen Islands (49°S, 70°E) contain freshwater ecosystems among the most isolated in the world. Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were assessed in the muscle of 48 brook trout and 38 brown trout caught during summer and spring 2006 in the rivers, lakes and ponds of Kerguelen. The sum of 29 PCBs averaged 404 and 358ngg⁻¹ lipid, and dioxin-like PCB was 19 and 69ngg⁻¹ lipid, in brook and brown trout, respectively. The values showed a high variability and some fish accumulated PCBs at levels similar to those of fish from impacted areas. While inter-sex differences were limited, the season and the morphotype appeared to have the most influence. Fish captured in summer had muscle PCB concentrations about three times higher than those caught in spring and the ‘river’ morphotype of brook trout showed the highest PCB levels.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Corrigendum to “Metal and metalloid removal in constructed wetlands, with emphasis on the importance of plants and standardized measurements: A review” [Environ. Pollut. 158 (2010) 3447–3461] Texto completo
2011
Marchand, Lilian | Mench, Michel | Jacob, D.L. | Otte, M.L. | Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB) | Wet Ecosystem Research Group ; Partenaires INRAE
International audience
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]NitroScape: A model to integrate nitrogen transfers and transformations in rural landscapes Texto completo
2011
Duretz, Sylvia, S. | Drouet, Jean-Louis | Durand, Patrick | Hutchings, N.J., N.J. | Theobald, M.R., M.R. | Salmon-Monviola, Jordy | Dragosits, U., U. | Maury, Olivier, O. | Sutton, M.A., M.A. | Cellier, Pierre, P. | Environnement et Grandes Cultures (EGC) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech | Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST | Department of Agroecology ; Aarhus University [Aarhus] | Department of Chemistry and Agricultural Analysis ; Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)
no sp Assessment of Nitrogen Fluxes to Air and Water from Site Scale to Continental Scale | Modelling nitrogen transfer and transformation at the landscape scale is relevant to estimate the mobility of the reactive forms of nitrogen (Nr) and the associated threats to the environment. Here we describe the development of a spatially and temporally explicit model to integrate Nr transfer and transformation at the landscape scale. The model couples four existing models, to simulate atmospheric, farm, agro-ecosystem and hydrological Nr fluxes and transformations within a landscape. Simulations were carried out on a theoretical landscape consisting of pig-crop farms interspersed with unmanaged ecosystems. Simulation results illustrated the effect of spatial interactions between landscape elements on Nr fluxes and losses to the environment. More than 10% of the total N2O emissions were due to indirect emissions. The nitrogen budgets and transformations of the unmanaged ecosystems varied considerably, depending on their location within the landscape. The model represents a new tool for assessing the effect of changes in landscape structure on Nr fluxes.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Environmental impact of sunscreen nanomaterials: Ecotoxicity and genotoxicity of altered TiO2 nanocomposites on Vicia faba Texto completo
2011
Foltete, Anne-Sophie | Masfaraud, Jean-Francois | Bigorgne, Emilie | Nahmani, J. | Chaurand, Perrine | Botta, Céline | Labille, Jérôme | Rose, Jérôme | Ferard, Jean-Francois | Cotelle, Sylvie | Laboratoire des Interactions Ecotoxicologie, Biodiversité, Ecosystèmes (LIEBE) ; Université Paul Verlaine - Metz (UPVM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement des Géosciences de l'Environnement (CEREGE) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Environmental impact of sunscreen nanomaterials: Ecotoxicity and genotoxicity of altered TiO2 nanocomposites on Vicia faba Texto completo
2011
Foltete, Anne-Sophie | Masfaraud, Jean-Francois | Bigorgne, Emilie | Nahmani, J. | Chaurand, Perrine | Botta, Céline | Labille, Jérôme | Rose, Jérôme | Ferard, Jean-Francois | Cotelle, Sylvie | Laboratoire des Interactions Ecotoxicologie, Biodiversité, Ecosystèmes (LIEBE) ; Université Paul Verlaine - Metz (UPVM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement des Géosciences de l'Environnement (CEREGE) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
International audience | Mineral sunscreen nanocomposites, based on a nano-TiO2 core, coated with aluminium hydroxide and dimethicone films, were submitted to an artificial ageing process. The resulting Altered TiO2 Nanocomposites (ATN) were then tested in the liquid phase on the plant model Vicia faba, which was exposed 48 h to three nominal concentrations: 5, 25 and 50 mg ATN/L Plant growth, photosystem II maximum quantum yield, genotoxicity (micronucleus test) and phytochelatins levels showed no change compared to controls. Oxidative stress biomarkers remained unchanged in shoots while in roots, glutathione reductase activity decreased at 50 mg ATN/L and ascorbate peroxidase activity decreased for 5 and 25 mg ATN/L. Nevertheless, despite the weak response of biological endpoints, ICP-MS measurements revealed high Ti and Al concentrations in roots, and X-ray fluorescence micro-spectroscopy revealed titanium internalization in superficial root tissues. Eventual long-term effects on plants may occur.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Environmental impact of sunscreen nanomaterials: Ecotoxicity and genotoxicity of altered TiO₂ nanocomposites on Vicia faba Texto completo
2011
Foltête, Anne-Sophie | Masfaraud, Jean-François | Bigorgne, Emilie | Nahmani, Johanne | Chaurand, Perrine | Botta, Céline | Labille, Jérôme | Rose, Jerome | Férard, Jean-François | Cotelle, Sylvie
Mineral sunscreen nanocomposites, based on a nano-TiO₂ core, coated with aluminium hydroxide and dimethicone films, were submitted to an artificial ageing process. The resulting Altered TiO₂ Nanocomposites (ATN) were then tested in the liquid phase on the plant model Vicia faba, which was exposed 48 h to three nominal concentrations: 5, 25 and 50 mg ATN/L. Plant growth, photosystem II maximum quantum yield, genotoxicity (micronucleus test) and phytochelatins levels showed no change compared to controls. Oxidative stress biomarkers remained unchanged in shoots while in roots, glutathione reductase activity decreased at 50 mg ATN/L and ascorbate peroxidase activity decreased for 5 and 25 mg ATN/L. Nevertheless, despite the weak response of biological endpoints, ICP-MS measurements revealed high Ti and Al concentrations in roots, and X-ray fluorescence micro-spectroscopy revealed titanium internalization in superficial root tissues. Eventual long-term effects on plants may occur.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]DNA damage in caged Gammarus fossarum amphipods: A tool for freshwater genotoxicity assessment Texto completo
2011
Lacaze, Emilie | Devaux, Alain | Mons, Raphaël | Bony, Sylvie | Garric, Jeanne | Geffard, Alain | Geffard, Olivier | Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY) ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA) ; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Équipe 5 - Impacts des Polluants sur les Écosystèmes (LEHNA IPE) ; Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA) ; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Laboratoire d'Eco-Toxicologie ; Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)
International audience | The aim of this study was to propose a tool for freshwater environmental genotoxicity assessment using Gammarus fossarum, a high ecologically relevant species. In a first part, gammarids were caged upstream and downstream wastewater treatment plant effluent output. The sensitivity of genotoxic responses of haemocytes, oocytes and spermatozoa was compared using the Comet assay. Spermatozoa appeared to be the most sensitive, suitable and relevant cell type for genotoxicity risk assessment. In a second part, a watershed-scale study was conducted over 2 years to evaluate the applicability of our caging procedure. The genotoxic impact of a contamination was followed, taking into account seasonal variability. DNA damage in spermatozoa exhibited low basal level and low variability in control upstream sites, providing a reliable discrimination of polluted sites. Finally, DNA damage in caged G. fossarum has been proved to be a sensitive and reproducible tool for freshwater genotoxicity assessment. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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