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New insights in the toxicology and health status of marine marine mammals: Use of free-ranging harbour seals from the Wadden Sea Texto completo
2011
Das, Krishna | Seibel, Henrike | Hasseilmeier, Ilka | Lehnert, Kristina | Hellwig, Veronika | Dupont, Aurélie | Weijs, Liesbeth | Siebert, Ursula
Evaluation d’une méthode d’échantillonnage passif pour la mesure des monoterpènes dans l’air intérieur | Evaluation of a passive sampling method for the measurement of monoterpenes in indoor air Texto completo
2011
Marlet, Christelle | Lognay, Georges | Plaisance, Hervé | Brostaux, Yves
peer reviewed | Monoterpenes are compounds naturally emitted by wooden materials. A preliminary study had demonstrated the occurrence of some monoterpenes in the timber frame constructions. Contrary to the active sampling, the passive sampling with Radiello® device simplifies the sampling step that is an interest in indoor environment. However, the knowledge of the sampling rate is necessary for quantification via the passive samplers Radiello®. Radiello® sampler with Tenax TA cartridge was evaluated for the 4-h concentration measurements of nine monoterpenes (α-pinene, β-pinene, d-limonene, Δ3-carene, camphene, carvone, 1,8-cineole, linalool and p-cymene). The performance parameters of the method (calibration curve, trueness, repeatability, blank level, stability of samples) were estimated. The sampling rates were first evaluated under the standard conditions in an exposure chamber. The influences of three environmental factors (temperature (T), relative humidity (RH) and concentration level (C)) on the sampling rates were also evaluated following a full factorial design at two factor levels (low and high). The monoterpenes concentrations in the exposure chamber were followed by an active sampling on tube Tenax TA. For both sampling devices, analyses were realized by TD-GC-MS. The results of this study demonstrated that the Radiello® device is suitable for the measurement of 5 of 9 studied monoterpenes. The sampling rates were defined by an equation including two factors, temperature and relative humidity. Temperature is found to be the most important factor leading to variability of the all monoterpene sampling rates. An equation allowing to estimate the sampling rate was established for every studied compound. Measurements of monoterpenes with the Radiello® device were then carried out on new wooden houses and compared with measurements obtained by active sampling on Tenax TA tubes.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]NitroScape: A model to integrate nitrogen transfers and transformations in rural landscapes Texto completo
2011
Duretz, Sylvia, S. | Drouet, Jean-Louis | Durand, Patrick | Hutchings, N.J., N.J. | Theobald, M.R., M.R. | Salmon-Monviola, Jordy | Dragosits, U., U. | Maury, Olivier, O. | Sutton, M.A., M.A. | Cellier, Pierre, P. | Environnement et Grandes Cultures (EGC) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech | Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST | Department of Agroecology ; Aarhus University [Aarhus] | Department of Chemistry and Agricultural Analysis ; Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)
no sp Assessment of Nitrogen Fluxes to Air and Water from Site Scale to Continental Scale | Modelling nitrogen transfer and transformation at the landscape scale is relevant to estimate the mobility of the reactive forms of nitrogen (Nr) and the associated threats to the environment. Here we describe the development of a spatially and temporally explicit model to integrate Nr transfer and transformation at the landscape scale. The model couples four existing models, to simulate atmospheric, farm, agro-ecosystem and hydrological Nr fluxes and transformations within a landscape. Simulations were carried out on a theoretical landscape consisting of pig-crop farms interspersed with unmanaged ecosystems. Simulation results illustrated the effect of spatial interactions between landscape elements on Nr fluxes and losses to the environment. More than 10% of the total N2O emissions were due to indirect emissions. The nitrogen budgets and transformations of the unmanaged ecosystems varied considerably, depending on their location within the landscape. The model represents a new tool for assessing the effect of changes in landscape structure on Nr fluxes.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Polychlorinated biphenyls in freshwater salmonids from the Kerguelen Islands in the Southern Ocean Texto completo
2011
Jaffal, Ali | Givaudan, Nicolas | Betoulle, Stéphane | Terreau, Alexandre | Paris-Palacios, Séverine | Biagianti-Risbourg, S. | Beall, Edward | Roche, H. | UNITE DE RECHERCHE VIGNES ET VINS DE CHAMPAGNE - STRESS ET ENVIRONNEMENT - EA2069 (URVV - SE) ; Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA) | Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE) ; Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO) ; Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement - CNRS Ecologie et Environnement (INEE-CNRS) ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des sciences de l'environnement de Rennes (OSERen) ; Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | L'Institut polaire français Paul-Emile Victor (IPEV) ; Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.) | Ecologie Comportementale et Biologie des Populations de Poissons (ECOBIOP) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA) | Programme IPEV 409 IMMUNOTOXKER
Polychlorinated biphenyls in freshwater salmonids from the Kerguelen Islands in the Southern Ocean Texto completo
2011
Jaffal, Ali | Givaudan, Nicolas | Betoulle, Stéphane | Terreau, Alexandre | Paris-Palacios, Séverine | Biagianti-Risbourg, S. | Beall, Edward | Roche, H. | UNITE DE RECHERCHE VIGNES ET VINS DE CHAMPAGNE - STRESS ET ENVIRONNEMENT - EA2069 (URVV - SE) ; Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA) | Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE) ; Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO) ; Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement - CNRS Ecologie et Environnement (INEE-CNRS) ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des sciences de l'environnement de Rennes (OSERen) ; Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | L'Institut polaire français Paul-Emile Victor (IPEV) ; Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.) | Ecologie Comportementale et Biologie des Populations de Poissons (ECOBIOP) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA) | Programme IPEV 409 IMMUNOTOXKER
International audience | The Subantarctic Kerguelen Islands (49°S, 70°E) contain freshwater ecosystems among the most isolated in the world. Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were assessed in the muscle of 48 brook trout and 38 brown trout caught during summer and spring 2006 in the rivers, lakes and ponds of Kerguelen. The sum of 29 PCBs averaged 404 and 358 ng g-1 lipid, and dioxin-like PCB was 19 and 69 ng g-1 lipid, in brook and brown trout, respectively. The values showed a high variability and some fish accumulated PCBs at levels similar to those of fish from impacted areas. While inter-sex differences were limited, the season and the morphotype appeared to have the most influence. Fish captured in summer had muscle PCB concentrations about three times higher than those caught in spring and the 'river' morphotype of brook trout showed the highest PCB levels.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Polychlorinated biphenyls in freshwater salmonids from the Kerguelen Islands in the Southern Ocean Texto completo
2011
Jaffal, Ali | Givaudan, Nicolas | Betoulle, Stéphane | Terreau, Alexandre | Paris-Palacios, Séverine | Biagianti-Risbourg, S. | Beall, Edward | Roche, H. | UNITE DE RECHERCHE VIGNES ET VINS DE CHAMPAGNE - STRESS ET ENVIRONNEMENT - EA2069 (URVV - SE) ; Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA) | Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE) ; Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO) ; Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE) ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR) ; Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | L'Institut polaire français Paul-Emile Victor (IPEV) ; Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.) | Ecologie Comportementale et Biologie des Populations de Poissons (ECOBIOP) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA) | Programme IPEV 409 IMMUNOTOXKER
International audience | The Subantarctic Kerguelen Islands (49°S, 70°E) contain freshwater ecosystems among the most isolated in the world. Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were assessed in the muscle of 48 brook trout and 38 brown trout caught during summer and spring 2006 in the rivers, lakes and ponds of Kerguelen. The sum of 29 PCBs averaged 404 and 358 ng g-1 lipid, and dioxin-like PCB was 19 and 69 ng g-1 lipid, in brook and brown trout, respectively. The values showed a high variability and some fish accumulated PCBs at levels similar to those of fish from impacted areas. While inter-sex differences were limited, the season and the morphotype appeared to have the most influence. Fish captured in summer had muscle PCB concentrations about three times higher than those caught in spring and the 'river' morphotype of brook trout showed the highest PCB levels.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Polychlorinated biphenyls in freshwater salmonids from the Kerguelen Islands in the Southern Ocean Texto completo
2011
Jaffal, A. | Givaudan, N. | Betoulle, S. | Terreau, A. | Paris-Palacios, S. | Biagianti-Risbourg, S. | Beall, E. | Roche, H.
The Subantarctic Kerguelen Islands (49°S, 70°E) contain freshwater ecosystems among the most isolated in the world. Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were assessed in the muscle of 48 brook trout and 38 brown trout caught during summer and spring 2006 in the rivers, lakes and ponds of Kerguelen. The sum of 29 PCBs averaged 404 and 358ngg⁻¹ lipid, and dioxin-like PCB was 19 and 69ngg⁻¹ lipid, in brook and brown trout, respectively. The values showed a high variability and some fish accumulated PCBs at levels similar to those of fish from impacted areas. While inter-sex differences were limited, the season and the morphotype appeared to have the most influence. Fish captured in summer had muscle PCB concentrations about three times higher than those caught in spring and the ‘river’ morphotype of brook trout showed the highest PCB levels.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]NitroScape: A model to integrate nitrogen transfers and transformations in rural landscapes Texto completo
2011
Duretz, Sylvia, S. | Drouet, Jean-Louis | Durand, Patrick | Hutchings, N.J., N.J. | Theobald, M.R., M.R. | Salmon-Monviola, Jordy | Dragosits, U., U. | Maury, Olivier, O. | Sutton, M.A., M.A. | Cellier, Pierre, P. | Environnement et Grandes Cultures (EGC) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech | Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST | Department of Agroecology ; Aarhus University [Aarhus] | Department of Chemistry and Agricultural Analysis ; Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)
no sp Assessment of Nitrogen Fluxes to Air and Water from Site Scale to Continental Scale | Modelling nitrogen transfer and transformation at the landscape scale is relevant to estimate the mobility of the reactive forms of nitrogen (Nr) and the associated threats to the environment. Here we describe the development of a spatially and temporally explicit model to integrate Nr transfer and transformation at the landscape scale. The model couples four existing models, to simulate atmospheric, farm, agro-ecosystem and hydrological Nr fluxes and transformations within a landscape. Simulations were carried out on a theoretical landscape consisting of pig-crop farms interspersed with unmanaged ecosystems. Simulation results illustrated the effect of spatial interactions between landscape elements on Nr fluxes and losses to the environment. More than 10% of the total N2O emissions were due to indirect emissions. The nitrogen budgets and transformations of the unmanaged ecosystems varied considerably, depending on their location within the landscape. The model represents a new tool for assessing the effect of changes in landscape structure on Nr fluxes.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]The impact of nitrogen deposition on acid grasslands in the Atlantic region of Europe Texto completo
2011
Stevens, Carly J. | Dupre, Cecilia | Dorland, Edu | Gaudnik, Cassandre | Gowing, David J.G. | Bleeker, Albert | Diekmann, Martin | Alard, Didier | Bobbink, Roland | Fowler, David | Corcket, Emmanuel | Mountford, J. Owen | Vandvik, Vigdis | Aarrestad, Per Arild | Muller, Serge | Dise, Nancy B. | Open University | Lancaster Environment Centre ; Lancaster University | Universität Bremen [Deutschland] = University of Bremen [Germany] = Université de Brême [Allemagne] | Universiteit Utrecht / Utrecht University [Utrecht] | Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB) | Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN) | Radboud University [Nijmegen] | Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) | Department of Biology ; University of Washington [Seattle] | Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA) | Université Paul Verlaine - Metz (UPVM) | Manchester Metropolitan University (MMU) | European Science Foundation; DfG (Germany); NERC (United Kingdom); NWO (The Netherlands); INRA; ADEME; Aquitaine Region (France)
International audience | A survey of 153 acid grasslands from the Atlantic biogeographic region of Europe indicates that chronic nitrogen deposition is changing plant species composition and soil and plant-tissue chemistry. Across the deposition gradient (2–44 kg N ha−1 yr−1) grass richness as a proportion of total species richness increased whereas forb richness decreased. Soil C:N ratio increased, but soil extractable nitrate and ammonium concentrations did not show any relationship with nitrogen deposition. The above-ground tissue nitrogen contents of three plant species were examined: Agrostis capillaris (grass), Galium saxatile (forb) and Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus (bryophyte). The tissue nitrogen content of neither vascular plant species showed any relationship with nitrogen deposition, but there was a weak positive relationship between R. squarrosus nitrogen content and nitrogen deposition. None of the species showed strong relationships between above-ground tissue N:P or C:N and nitrogen deposition, indicating that they are not good indicators of deposition rate.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Direct and indirect impact of sewage sludge compost spreading on Quercus coccifera monoterpene emissions in a Mediterranean shrubland Texto completo
2011
Olivier, Romain | Staudt, Michael | Lavoir, Anne-Violette | Ormeño, Elena | Rizvi, Syed Hussain | Baldy, Virginie | Rivoal, Annabelle | Greff, Stephane | Lecareux, Caroline | Fernandez, Catherine | Institut Méditerranéen d'Ecologie et de Paléoécologie (IMEP) ; Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Avignon Université (AU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE) ; Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) ; Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Occitanie])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)
International audience | Compost spreading in Mediterranean shrublands has no strong short-term effect on Q. coccifera monoterpene emissions at leaf level. a b s t r a c t Monoterpene emissions of Quercus coccifera L. were repeatedly measured during the two years following the spreading of a sewage sludge compost at rates of 50 Mg ha À1 and 100 Mg ha À1 , in a twelve-year-old post-fire Mediterranean shrubland. We also monitored the patterns of change in soil and leaf nutrient content, plant water potential, chlorophyll fluorescence, and plant growth. Compost spreading resulted in weak changes in leaf nutrient content and plant water status, and therefore no significant effect on monoterpene emissions at leaf scale, except during one summer sampling, probably related to advanced leaf maturity with the highest compost rate. However, compost increased plant growth, particularly the leaf biomass. The results suggest that compost spreading in Mediterranean shrublands has no strong short-term effect on Q. coccifera monoterpene emissions at leaf level, but may indirectly increase volatile organic compound fluxes at the stand scale, which may contribute to regional ozone pollution.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Effects of farm heterogeneity and methods for upscaling on modelled nitrogen losses in agricultural landscapes Texto completo
2011
Dalgaard, T., T. | Hutchings, N., N. | Dragosits, U., U. | Olesen, J.E., J.E. | Kjeldsen, C., C. | Drouet, Jean-Louis | Cellier, Pierre, P. | Department of Agroecology ; Aarhus University [Aarhus] | Environnement et Grandes Cultures (EGC) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech
no sp. Assessment of Nitrogen Fluxes to Air and Water from Site Scale to Continental Scale | The aim of this study is to illustrate the importance of farm scale heterogeneity on nitrogen (N) losses in agricultural landscapes. Results are exemplified with a chain of N models calculating farm-N balances and distributing the N-surplus to N-losses (volatilisation, denitrification, leaching) and soil-N accumulation/release in a Danish landscape. Possible non-linearities in upscaling are assessed by comparing average model results based on (i) individual farm level calculations and (ii) averaged inputs at landscape level. Effects of the non-linearities that appear when scaling up from farm to landscape are demonstrated. Especially in relation to ammonia losses the non-linearity between livestock density and N-loss is significant (p > 0.999), with around 20-30% difference compared to a scaling procedure not taking this non-linearity into account. A significant effect of farm type on soil N accumulation (p > 0.95) was also identified and needs to be included when modelling landscape level N-fluxes and greenhouse gas emissions.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Ecotoxicological assessment of TiO2 byproducts on the earthworm Eisenia fetida Texto completo
2011
Bigorgne, Emilie | Foucaud, Laurent | Emmanuel, Lapied | Labille, Jérôme | Botta, Céline | Sirguey, Catherine | Falla, Jaïro | Rose, Jérôme | Joner, Erik J. | Rodius, François | Nahmani, Johanne | Laboratoire des Interactions Ecotoxicologie, Biodiversité, Ecosystèmes (LIEBE) ; Université Paul Verlaine - Metz (UPVM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Bioforsk Soil and Environment | Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement des Géosciences de l'Environnement (CEREGE) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France | Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (LSE) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL) | French Environment and Energy Management Agency (ADEME); Region Lorraine
Ecotoxicological assessment of TiO2 byproducts on the earthworm Eisenia fetida Texto completo
2011
Bigorgne, Emilie | Foucaud, Laurent | Emmanuel, Lapied | Labille, Jérôme | Botta, Céline | Sirguey, Catherine | Falla, Jaïro | Rose, Jérôme | Joner, Erik J. | Rodius, François | Nahmani, Johanne | Laboratoire des Interactions Ecotoxicologie, Biodiversité, Ecosystèmes (LIEBE) ; Université Paul Verlaine - Metz (UPVM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Bioforsk Soil and Environment | Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement des Géosciences de l'Environnement (CEREGE) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France | Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (LSE) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL) | French Environment and Energy Management Agency (ADEME); Region Lorraine
International audience | The increasing production of nanomaterials will in turn increase the release of nanosized byproducts to the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the behaviour, uptake and ecotoxicity of TiO2 byproducts in the earthworm Eisenia fetida. Worms were exposed to suspensions containing 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/L of byproducts for 24 h. Size of TiO2 byproducts showed aggregation of particles up to 700 mu m with laser diffraction. Only worms exposed at 10 mg/L showed bioaccumulation of titanium (ICP-AES), increasing expression of metallothionein and superoxide dismutase mRNA (Real-time PCR) and induction of apoptotic activity (Apostain and TUNEL). TiO2 byproducts did not induce cytotoxicity on ccelomocytes, but a significant decrease of phagocytosis was observed starting from 0.1 mg/L In conclusion, bioaccumulation of byproducts and their production of reactive oxygen species could be responsible for the alteration of the antioxidant system in worms. Crown Copyright (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Ecotoxicological assessment of TiO₂ byproducts on the earthworm Eisenia fetida Texto completo
2011
Bigorgne, Emilie | Foucaud, Laurent | Lapied, Emmanuel | Labille, Jérôme | Botta, Céline | Sirguey, Catherine | Falla, Jaïro | Rose, Jerome | Joner, Erik J. | Rodius, François | Nahmani, Johanne
The increasing production of nanomaterials will in turn increase the release of nanosized byproducts to the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the behaviour, uptake and ecotoxicity of TiO₂ byproducts in the earthworm Eisenia fetida. Worms were exposed to suspensions containing 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/L of byproducts for 24 h. Size of TiO₂ byproducts showed aggregation of particles up to 700 μm with laser diffraction. Only worms exposed at 10 mg/L showed bioaccumulation of titanium (ICP-AES), increasing expression of metallothionein and superoxide dismutase mRNA (Real-time PCR) and induction of apoptotic activity (Apostain and TUNEL). TiO₂ byproducts did not induce cytotoxicity on cœlomocytes, but a significant decrease of phagocytosis was observed starting from 0.1 mg/L. In conclusion, bioaccumulation of byproducts and their production of reactive oxygen species could be responsible for the alteration of the antioxidant system in worms.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]TiO2-based nanoparticles released in water from commercialized sunscreens in a life-cycle perspective: Structures and quantities Texto completo
2011
Botta, Céline | Labille, Jérôme | Auffan, Melanie | Borschneck, Daniel | Miche, Helene | Cabié, Martiane | Masion, Armand | Rose, Jérôme | Bottero, Jean-Yves | Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement des Géosciences de l'Environnement (CEREGE) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Spectropôle - Aix Marseille Université (AMU SPEC) ; Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
TiO2-based nanoparticles released in water from commercialized sunscreens in a life-cycle perspective: Structures and quantities Texto completo
2011
Botta, Céline | Labille, Jérôme | Auffan, Melanie | Borschneck, Daniel | Miche, Helene | Cabié, Martiane | Masion, Armand | Rose, Jérôme | Bottero, Jean-Yves | Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement des Géosciences de l'Environnement (CEREGE) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Spectropôle - Aix Marseille Université (AMU SPEC) ; Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
International audience | This work investigates the physical-chemical evolution during artificial aging in water of four commercialized sunscreens containing TiO2-based nanocomposites. Sunscreens were analyzed in terms of mineralogy and TiO2 concentration. The residues formed after aging were characterized in size, shape, chemistry and surface properties. The results showed that a significant fraction of nano-TiO2 residues was released from all sunscreens, despite their heterogeneous behaviors. A stable dispersion of submicronic aggregates of nanoparticles was generated, representing up to 38 w/w% of the amount of sunscreen, and containing up to 30% of the total nano-TiO2 initially present in the creams. The stability of the dispersion was tested as a function of salt concentration, revealing that in seawater conditions, a major part of these nano-TiO2 residues will aggregate and sediment. These results were put in perspective with consumption and life cycle of sunscreens to estimate the amount of nano-TiO2 potentially released into AQUATIC environment. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]TiO₂-based nanoparticles released in water from commercialized sunscreens in a life-cycle perspective: Structures and quantities Texto completo
2011
Botta, Céline | Labille, Jérôme | Auffan, Mélanie | Borschneck, Daniel | Miche, Hélène | Cabié, Martiane | Masion, Armand | Rose, Jerome | Bottero, Jean-Yves
This work investigates the physical–chemical evolution during artificial aging in water of four commercialized sunscreens containing TiO₂-based nanocomposites. Sunscreens were analyzed in terms of mineralogy and TiO₂ concentration. The residues formed after aging were characterized in size, shape, chemistry and surface properties. The results showed that a significant fraction of nano-TiO₂ residues was released from all sunscreens, despite their heterogeneous behaviors. A stable dispersion of submicronic aggregates of nanoparticles was generated, representing up to 38w/w% of the amount of sunscreen, and containing up to 30% of the total nano-TiO₂ initially present in the creams. The stability of the dispersion was tested as a function of salt concentration, revealing that in seawater conditions, a major part of these nano-TiO₂ residues will aggregate and sediment. These results were put in perspective with consumption and life cycle of sunscreens to estimate the amount of nano-TiO₂ potentially released into AQUATIC environment.
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