Calendula officinalis (pot marigold), a medicinal ornamental plant belonging to the Asteraceae family, has various medicinal activities such as anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant and antitumor. The retention time of quercetin (6.445 min), kaempferol (11.246 min), caffeic acid (2.333 min), beta carotene (9.614 min) standards, which were planned to be analyzed by HPLC, was determined. The HPLC conditions that are most suitable for these metabolites have been determined. The amounts of quercetin, kaempferol, caffeic acid and beta carotene in the seedling leaves of these two Calendula species on the 0., 15., 30., 45., 60. days were compared. Caffeic acid and beta carotene have been detected in the leaves. However, quercetin and kaempferol compounds were not detected. It was determined that the caffeic acid and beta carotene amounts of C. officinalis species were higher than that of C. arvensis. The highest caffeic acid in both C. officinalis and C. arvensis seedlings (0.4042±0.0123 µg/g dry weight for C. officinalis, 0.1918±0.0437 µg / g dry weight for C. arvensis) and beta carotene amounts (0.8520±0.0692 µg/g dry weight for C. officinalis, 0.6389±0.0189 µg/g dry weight for C. arvensis) were determined on 60. day. In addition, it was determined that the amount of these metabolites differed according to the seedling development period.

Five years old orange trees, were grafted on Cleopatra scions of nine cultivars planted in a completely randomized block design were evaluated. Fruit growths presented three typical phases of variable lenght, depending on the cultivar: slow , rapid and stable growth rates. Largest growth were observed in the old Vini, Valencia and Valle Washington cultivars. In all cases total soluble solid contents and acidity increased, up to certain point, with fruit age. Considering that the optimum time to iniciate cropping is when the relationship between solids and acidity is 9.5: 1, the earlient cultivar is Valle Washington (7.5 months) while the old Vini and Australian Navel are intermediate and Garcia Valencia is late. All cultivars had solid content above 50% and attractive pulp color. Most attractive rind color was found in the Parson Brown (97.s yellow), the rest fluctuated between 48 and 79%, All cultivars had less than six seeds per fruit, There were two cropping seasons. Largest producers (Hamlin, Garda Valencia and Pineapple) had the largest monthy variation, marketing 90 % for industrial purposes and 10% for as fresh product the best cultivars were Pineapple, Hamlin, Parson Brown, Valle Washington and old Vini. | En árboles de naranja de cinco años injertados sobre mandarina Cleopatra, se evaluaron nueve variedades sembradas en un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar. El crecimiento de los frutos presentó las tres fases típicas, con duración variable dependiendo de la variedad: lento, crecimiento acelerado y estabilización. Los máximos crecimientos se obtuvieron en las variedades Old Vini, Valencia y Valle Washington. En todas las variedades los sólidos solubles disminuyeron y el porcentaje de acidez aumentó hasta ciertos límites con la edad del fruto. Considerando como momento óptimo para iniciar la cosecha una relación de sólidos solubles: acidez de 9.5:1, la más temprana fue la Valle Washington (7.5 meses), intermedias Old Vini y Australia Navel y la más tardía García Valencia. Todas las variedades presentaron contenidos de jugo mayores del 50 % Y color atractivo de la pulpa. El color más atractivo de la corteza se obtuvo en Parson Brown (97.5 % amarillo), las otras variedades fluctuaron entre 48 y 79%. Todas las variedades tuvieron menos de seis semillas por fruto. Se presentaron dos épocas de cosecha y las variedades con mayor producción: Hamlin, García Valencia y Pineapple tuvieron la mayor variación mensual. La mejor alternativa sembrando 90% de variedades para industria y 10 % para mesa se obtuvo con las variedades Pineapple, Hamlin, Parson Brown, Valle Washington y Old Vini.