Ülkemizde nohut hem yaş hem de kuru olarak farklı süreçlerden geçerek tüketilmektedir. Tüketimde tercihen iri taneli nohutlar tercih edilirken 6 mm elek altı genellikle tercih edilmemektedir. Deneme, 2018 ve 2019 yılı vejetasyon süresince Erciyes Üniversitesi Tarımsal Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi, merkez deneme arazilerinde, kimyevi ve organik kökenli gübre girdisi kullanılmadan tesadüf bloklar deneme desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Denemede ülkemizde 1991-2013 yılları arasında tescil edilmiş 27 adet nohut çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Bu bağlamda araştırmada Kayseri ekolojik koşullarında herhangi bir gübre girdisi olmadan elde edilen 27 adet nohut tanelerinin 9 mm, 8 mm, 7 mm ve 6 mm elek üstü ile 6mm elek altı değerlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak her iki yılda da çeşitlerin ortalama değerleri yönünden 8 mm elek üstü değer birinci yıl %41,21 ikinci yıl %35,41 en yüksek olurken, ikinci olarak 7 mm elek üstü değerleri olmuştur.

Many different natural materials are used in complementary medicine. Among natural products, herbal materials are used quite a lot. Centaurea rigida Willd. was used as material in this study. The antioxidant and oxidant potential of the plant was determined. The aerial parts of the plant sample were extracted with ethanol in a soxhlet device. Antioxidant and oxidant potentials were measured with Rel Assay kits. As a result of the studies, the total antioxidant value of the plant was determined as 3.522±0.166, the total oxidant value as 15.424±0.281 and the oxidative stress index as 0.440±0.020. It was determined that the plant has antioxidant potential, but its oxidant values are high. As a result, it was determined that C. rigida could be used as a natural antioxidant source.

Evaluation of soil hydro-physical properties is very important in agriculture and for sustainable management of the land resources. This investigation was conducted to assess some hydro-physical properties of soils in different land use types (LUT) selected (i.e., dry upper land (UD), lowland (LL) and residential area (RA)) at 0-15cm and 15-30cm depths in Bade Local Government Area of Northeastern, Nigeria. Soils were randomly sampled at four points in each LUT and analyzed according to standard soil analysis procedures. Results of the analyses of variance showed that LL had recorded significantly higher clay content, larger soil porosities and high-water retention properties than the other LUT. Soil structural stability index (SSI) and organic carbon (OC) were below optimal range and statistically not different across the land uses. The results also indicated non-significant differences in the hydro-physical properties within the sampling depths. The coefficient of variation (CV) revealed that, slight variation (CV

It is known that plants have been used by humans for a very long time in the treatment of diseases. A wide variety of plant species grown in different regions have been very successful in the treatment of many diseases. In this study, Echium italicum L. plant collected from different regions was used as material. The plant was extracted with ethanol in a soxhlet device. Then, antioxidant and oxidant levels of the plant extract were determined using Rel Assay kits. As a result of the analysis, the TAS values of the plant were determined 5.442±0.240 (Gaziantep), 4.896±0.081 (Hakkari) and 6.056±0.139 (Mersin), TOS values were 21.372±0.747 (Gaziantep), 12.255±0.341 (Hakkari) and 19.107±0.438 (Mersin), OSI values were 0.395±0.027 (Gaziantep), 0.250±0.005 (Hakkari), and 0.316±0.005 (Mersin). It was observed that antioxidant and oxidant values changed as the regions where the plant was collected changed. In addition, it was determined that E. italicum could be a natural antioxidant source.

Şalgam (Shalgam) beverage, which is manufactured by lactic acid-ethanol fermentation, takes its name from turnip radish and its purple-reddish colour from purple carrot, is a drink with certain turbidity and sour taste. This research was carried out to determine the effect of using an autochthonous starter culture and purple carrot size in şalgam production. For this purpose, with the direct production process, purple carrot in two different sizes (4 cm horizontally cut purple carrot or 12 cm vertically cut purple carrot) and şalgam with the addition of 3% L. plantarum was produced. The added starter culture enabled the fermentation to start quickly and the maximum total acidity and LAB count was reached earlier. Besides, the addition of starter culture significantly affected the overall composition of şalgam. In the production of shalgam beverage, the use of horizontally cut purple carrot and L. plantarum as an autochthonous starter culture can be recommended.

This research was conducted with durum wheat variety (Alatay) at farmer conditions in Bozova district of Şanlıurfa province in 2018-19 and 2019-20 growing season according to a randomized complete block design with three replications. This study was conducted to determine the effect of dividing the top fertilizer in different development periods of wheat on grain yield and some yield factors (plant height, spike length, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike) in order to struggle the drought experienced due to global warming in the world and in our country. According to the research results, it was determined that grain yield, plant height, spike length, number of grains per spike, weight of grains per spike ranged from 347.50-648.33 kg/da, 78.16-98.33 cm, 6.28-6.91 cm, 32.00 number/spike and 64.16 number/spike 2.47 gr/spike and 2.77 gr/spike respectively. The aim of the experiment is to determine how the top-dressing is divided and how the plant benefits from the moisture and nitrogen fertilizer in the soil and how it affects the grain yield and yield components of the plant.

This study was carried out to determine the growth and reproductive performance of Karayaka sheep in Amasya province within the scope of National Animal Breeding Project. Data were collected from 17529 Karayaka lambs of 20120 Karayaka sheep which were born during 2012 to 2015 birth season. In this study, the live weights, survival rates of the lambs in various periods and reproductive traits of Karayaka ewes were investigated. In this study, the live weights, daily live weight gain, survival rates (90th day) and reproductive traits of Karayaka ewes were investigated. The averages of reproductive traits of Karayaka sheep such as infertility, fertility, twins, fecundity, litter size and survival rate were 13.8%, 86.2%, 7.20%, 0.867, 1.01 and 89.0% respectively. The effects of year, sex and type of birth on the birth weights and the live weights of 90 days (weaning) of Karayaka lambs were found to be significant. Daily live weight gain was affected only by year and sex.

Tarhana is a traditional food produced by different traditional methods and the materials used in production are changing from a region to another region. The total yeast and molds, total mesophilic aerobic bacteria, Escherichia Coli and enterococci bacteria count of wet dough Kastamonu tarhana and dry powdered tarhana samples were investigated in this study. All microorganisms examined in our study were detected in one of the wet dough tarhana samples. The highest total yeast and molds, total mesophilic aerobic bacteria, Escherichia coli and enterococci bacteria counts were determined for the wet dough tarhana samples to be 2.2×106, 6.6×107, 1.2×106 and 1.9×106 cfu/g, respectively. No growth of microorganism capable of reproduction was observed in the powdered tarhana produced industrially. In addition, the Escherichia coli and enterococci bacteria were not detected for any of the dry powder tarhana samples. It was seen that the microbial load of the wet tarhana produced at home in Kastamonu was higher than the powdered tarhana. The reason for this situation was thought to be due to poor production and hygiene conditions. The presence of Escherichia coli and enterococci bacteria in samples indicates that there is possible fecal contamination of the raw materials used in wet dough tarhana production. Electron microscope images of molds obtained in our study are similar to molds producing mycotoxins. These results show that the wet dough tarhana have a greater risk for microorganism development and human health compared to dry powder tarhana.

This research was carried out to investigate the fattening performance and slaughter and carcass characteristics of Hair goat and Saanen × Hair goat (G1) crossbred kids in different fattening systems. Thirty Hair goats and 30 Saanen × Hair goat (G1) crossbred singleton male kids 2.5-3 months old and weaned were used. The kids were fattened in three different systems: intensive, semi-intensive, and extensive. Marginal value analysis was applied to determine the optimum feeding periods of the kids. In order to determine the slaughter and carcass characteristics, all the kids fattened were taken to slaughter after determining their live weight at the end of the fattening. Live weight gains after the intensive, semi-intensive, and extensive fattening were 17.83 kg, 19.39 kg, and 18.29 kg in the Hair goat kids and 17.88 kg, 18.24 kg, and 17.32 kg in the Saanen × Hair goat (G1) crossbred kids, respectively. In the same order, the average concentrate feed consumed by kids for 1 kg live weight gain was 7.55 kg, 7.28 kg, 7.00 kg and 7.07 kg. Hot carcass weights after the intensive, semi-intensive, and extensive fattening were 13.58, 14.06, and 13.02 kg in the Hair goat kids and 14.21, 15.03, and 14.06 kg in the Saanen × Hair goat (G1) crossbred kids. The Saanen × Hair goat (G1) crossbred goats increased more in live weight than the Hair goat kids and the semi-intensive fattened goats increased more in live weight than the intensive and extensive fed goats. Moreover, the optimum fattening times generally varied between the groups, but not between genotypes within the group.

Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the most important Diptera families, some species damage fruits, and cause millions of dollars in every years. In this study, adult fruit fly materials were collected from Gaziantep province between 2010 and 2021 from possible host plants using insect net. Obtained materials were examined, and were determined that 15 species. All species recorded for the first time from Gaziantep province. In addition, Goniurellia tridens (Hendel, 1910) recorded as a new record from Turkey. With these contributions, Gaziantep fruit fly fauna increased to 44 species. In the article, examined materials, current list of Gaziantep fruit fly fauna and adult and wing figures of Goniurellia tridens (Hendel, 1910) were given.