This study was carried out in the beekeeping research area of Bayburt University in order to determine the effect of odor and color on plant preference of honeybees in 2021. The experimental setup was established at a distance of 200 meters from the apiary where 80 Caucasian bees (Apis mellifera caucasica) colonies are located. As a result of the study, the most preferred feeders were the control group (pure sucrose syrup) (9.81 pieces), and the least preferred feeders were the rose-scent group (2.58). The effect of odor on honeybees' feed preferences varied according to months. Considering the effect of months on honeybees' visits to their feeders, the most visited feeders were Melissa (6.8) in June, control (11.69) in July, and control (14.58) in August. The highest number of feeder visits by honeybees was in August (9.24), and the lowest (2.89) in June. Considering the color preferences of honeybees, the most visited forage color was blue (5.98) and the least red was 4.89. The effect of colors on the feed preferences of honeybees also varied according to the months. The highest visitor bee average was found in the blue colored feeder (4.53) in June, the green colored feeder (7.24) in July, and the yellow and blue colored feeders (7.29) in August.

This study was conducted to determine the annual energy use and related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of individual deep well irrigation enterprise. That study was conducted at deep well farm belonging to one farmer with volunteer preforming farming activities in Konya-Meram-Çarıklar location for the growing season of 2021. In that regard, the activities using alfalfa and dry bean production, and total production inputs with their amounts as well as crop yields were determined separately. By considering unit energy equivalent values and GHG emission factors of each input, annual energy consumption and GHG emission values were calculated. Similarly, by examining energy content and crop yield in accordance of crop production unit (kg), annual produced energy amount was calculated. The evaluation was made using energy used and energy produced as well as GHG emission values indicators at individual deep well irrigation farm. According to the results obtained, annual energy use and energy production were calculated 253035 mega-joule (MJ), and 487960 MJ, respectively for individual well irrigation farm. The electricity used during the irrigation processes resulted around 71% of annual energy consumption. The annual GHG emission amount as an equivalent to the carbon dioxide (CO2eqv) for research farm with GWI was determined as 18575 kg (18575 kgCO2eqv year-1). Almost 52% of annual GHG emission was resulted from electricity used in irrigation.

In this study orange pulp, dried in hot air, was replaced at control, 7.5, 15 and 22.5% levels (DM basis) with ground corn in the concentrate feeds of dairy goats. Considering the milk yield, average live weight and age of the animals, a total of 24 animals were used in 4 groups with 6 animals in each. Goats with 1375±330 ml milk yield, 2.45±0.17 years of age and 55.40±0.91 kg body weight were chosen for the trial. The animals were housed in individual compartments of 2x2 m during the study. In 2 weeks of adaptation, 8 weeks data collection of the trial, feed and water were provided ad libitum. Orange pulp utilisation increased dry matter intake, did not change milk yield and feed conversion rates, and negatively affected the body weight changes. Somatic cell counts were found to be lower in the control group in the middle of the study. Blood glucose and cholesterol levels were reduced, NEFA and BHB increased due to the treatments.

With their urban green spaces, cities enable people to live a comfortable social and physical life. However, recent population growth and fast urbanization have resulted in a decline of green areas in urban areas over time. Cities' livability rate is being reduced as a result of this situation. In addition to these quantitative values of urban green areas, their qualitative characteristics also have an important place in terms of the benefits they provide to cities and their users. The aim of the research is to determine the user satisfaction level of the urban green areas and the user opinions about the urban green areas of the city of Serik. In this context, a survey was conducted on a voluntary basis with 384 individuals using the urban green areas of the city of Serik. As a result of the analysis of the data obtained from the questionnaire forms, the user satisfaction levels, opinions, and suggestions for the urban green areas of the city of Serik were determined. In this direction, suggestions have been developed to increase the qualitative value and user satisfaction of urban green areas in the city of Serik.

The aim of this study; To combat the problems arising from rapid population growth and irregular urbanization in ecological terms, to ensure the integration of agriculture with the city and to develop strategies in order to ensure human health, environmental health, food safety, urban aesthetics, social integration and urban sustainability. As the study area, the adjacent area of Kırklareli has been considered. A 4-stage method was determined in the study. In the first stage, a literature review was conducted on the subject. In the second stage; The collection and examination of natural and socio-cultural data for Kırklareli province was carried out. In the third stage; As a result of the analyzes made, field observations were made and it was determined in which neighborhoods the most suitable urban agriculture model could be applied to the city of Kırklareli. In the last stage, in line with the available data and potentials for the city of Kırklareli, important strategies for the implementation of urban agriculture studies were developed and various suggestions were made.

In this study, it was aimed to reveal the structural properties and the effects of husbandry practices on milk yield in dairy farms of Ondokuz Mayıs district of Samsun. While the data were obtained by face-to-face surveys and observations in a total of 59 farms those had ≥10 head cattle between January and June 2018, environmental factors affecting daily milk yield (DMY) were separately evaluated. Important negativeneses were determined on the barn type, bedding material using, calving pens, weaning period of calves, claw care and udder cleaning in the farms. It was informed that local bazaars and cooperatives were commonly used for raw milk marketing, and high feed price was the most important problem. DMY was significantly affected by the experience of farm owner, number of the milking cows, amount of concentrate feed that given and milking type. It was concluded that farm properties and herd management methods have to be restored to elevate milk production in the investigated farms.

It is aimed to determine the socio-economic status of the people working in the seafood processing facilities in the Black Sea Region. A questionnaire was applied to a total of 102 sector employees working in 7 seafood processing plants operating in the Region to determine their social and economic status. There were 24 questions in the questionnaire and it was attempted to determine the socio-economic data of the participants such as age, gender, education level, working time, residence ownership, monthly income, and leisure time. The average working hours of the employees in their facilities are 1-5 years, the monthly income of 40.2% is between 2001-2500 TL. It has been determined that the personnel participating in the survey are 90.2% workers, 2% foremen, 2% technicians and 3.8% engineers.

The identification of plants in which the bees forage is key in establishing bee farms and increasing honey production. In this study pollen analysis of honey samples from the southeastern part of Nigeria was carried out to ascertain their floral sources and ecological origin. The honey samples were acetolyzed and microscopically studied to determine the pollen types. A total of seventy-one pollen types belonging to forty-one families of plants were identified. The honey samples were dominated by pollen grains from the families of Arecaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Myrtaceae, Irvigiaceae, Fabaceae, Combretaceae/Melastomataceae, and phyllanthaceae. Some of the dominant pollen grain identified include Elaeis guineensis, Alchornea cordifolia, Hymenocardia acida, Ocimum gratissimum, Syzygium guineense, Nauclea latifolia and Afzelia africana. Out of the six samples studied Njikoka sample was monofloral having Mimosa pigra as predominant pollen while Ayamelum, Ekwusigo, Nsukka, Ezeagu, and Udenu samples are multifloral containing Elaeis guineensis, Phyllanthus sp., Piliostigma reticulatum, Irvingia sp., Alchornea cordifolia, and Lannea sp. as major secondary pollen. All the samples analyzed have Elaeis guineensis in common except Ezeagu, indicating that these plants are present in all five locations. These results can also be used as a tool in the geographical identification of Southeastern Nigeria honey from other geopolitical zones.

The aim of this study is to determine the purpose of social media usage of farmers in Selçuklu district of Konya province. The sample volume was determined as 80 according to the stratified random sampling method, with a 95% confidence interval and with a 5% margin of error. Factor analysis was conducted to determine the farmers’ social media usage purposes. Factor analysis was conducted on 19 independent variables and 3 independent variables were identified to determine the reasons for using social media. These variables are called professional development, socialization, and communication. The relationship between professional development, socialization, and communication variables and social media platforms was determined by linear regression analysis. For platforms used for socialization purposes, it was found that Facebook was statistically significant at 1% and Instagram was 5%. According to the regression analysis, platforms used for vocational development purposes, it was found that WhatsApp was statistically significant at 1% and YouTube was 5%. In social media, training, extension, projects, and promotions should be more widely supported in order to support the professional training of enterprises. In addition, pieces of training should be provided for enterprises to use social media platforms more effectively.

In this study, the effect of foliar L-Histidine and Methinonin amino acid applications on grain cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) uptake on durum wheat grown in soil contaminated with Cd was investigated. The research was carried out according to the randomized blocks design as a pot experiment in greenhouse conditions. In the experiment, Cd doses were applied as control (0 mg Cd kg-1) and (3 mg Cd kg-1). L-Histidine and Methionine amino acids were applied 7 times from the leaf after the start of flag leaf formation in wheat at 0.5 mM doses and harvested after the grain maturity was completed. According to the results obtained, the wheat grain dry matter yield in 3 mg Cd kg-1 polluted soil was 44.5 mg grain-1 in the control, while the dry matter weight was increased with the application of L-Histidine and Methionine from the leaves being 48 and 50 mg grain-1, respectively. It was determined that there were differences in grain Cd and Zn concentrations with the application of amino acids from the leaves at the dose of 3 mg kg-1 cadmium. When the grain Cd and Zn intakes were compared with the control, it was found that the grain Cd concentration decreased, and the Zn concentration increased as a result of the application of amino acids. The high amount of Cd in wheat can make it to the human body through the food chain and is known to cause serious health problems after a certain amount of accumulation. As a result of this study, it is seen that L-Histidine and Methionine are effective in reducing Cd in the grain, and these amino acids probably form a complex with Cd, resulting in less transport.