Study was carried out to find out the association between physical traits and production characteristics in 25 Surti buffaloes. Out of the six traits studied only height at withers (r=-0.446) and distance between pin-bones (r=+0.455) were found to be significantly related the milk yield but their regression coefficient was of little practical value. None of the other characters studied showed any association with milk yield or fat percent in Surti buffaloes.

Occurrence of two different types of symmetrical conjoined twin monsters described as syncephalus tetrapus tetrabrachius and dicephalus dipus tetrabrachius among riverine buffaloes of India is reported.

Total of 1189 records of Egyptian buffaloes at Mehallet Mousa farm belonging to Ministry of Agriculture were used to study the influence of year and season of calving and parity on each of days open, calving interval and dry period were studied. The estimate of the phenotypic and genetic parameters of these traits were also investigated. Least squares analysis of variance showed a highly significant effect of year and season of calving and parity on all traits (P

The distribution and urinary excretion of sulfamethoxazole were investigated in healthy buffalo calves. After a single iv dose (100 mg/kg), the blood level peaked at 103.8+-4.3 ug ml-1 at 15 min and declined to 12 ug ml-1 at 24 h. The minimum inhibitory concentration of drug (25 ug ml-1) was maintained up to 12 h. The extent of penetration of sulfamethoxazole in erythrocytes was calculated to be 19-35 %. Fulfamethoxazole rapidly distributed in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and interstitial fluid, with concentrations of 8.1-40.7 ug/ml and 11.8-64.7 ug/ml from 15 to 720 min of administration, respectively.

The hematologic parameters (total red blood cell count, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, total white blood cell count, relative and absolute differential white blood cell count) were examined in three (3) castrated male Swamp buffaloes 3-5 years old harnessed to loads of 100 kg, 200 kg, 300 kg and allowed to travel 1,000 meters over an asphalt road for a period of 30 days per load. Blood samples were collected and examined every seventh day of the test period. Except for blood hemoglobin concentration, no significant alterations in the values of most blood parameters examined were observed. The hemoglobin concentration of the animals under test were significantly decreased after harnessing to 100 kg and 200 kg but did not significantly differ from the pre-test values obtained after harnessing to the 300 kg load.

In the present investigation, plasma levels and pharmacokinetics of cephaloridine were investigated in buffalo calves following intramuscular administration (10 mg/kg) 6 h after its iv injection (10 mg/kg). The appreciable plasma concentration of 2.78+-0.28 ug ml-1 was recorded at 1 min and the peak plasma level (31.6+-1.50 ug ml-1) was measured at 30 min. The absorption half-life and elimination half-life were 0.037+-0.011 and 2.24+-0.30 h, respectively. In general the disposition behaviour of cephaloridine when given by repeated administration did not vary significantly from its single intramuscular dose.

Dry matter requirement was estimated on 24 growing Indian buffalo calves fed concentrate and wheat straw to supply two levels (75 and 100 %) of protein and three levels (90, 100 and 110 %) of energy as per NRC (1976) for 500 g daily gain in a 2x3 factorial design. The dry matter intake (DMI) recorded at about 100 kg and 250 kg mean body weight was used for deriving multiple regression using DMI (Y) an independent variable and body weight or metabolic body weight (X1) and average daily gain (X2) as dependent variables. The prediction equations were: 1) Y= -0.9956+0.1036 X1 +0.0015 X2, 2. Y= -0.0489+0.02344 X1 +0.0015 X2, 3) Y= -4.9946+0.1315 X1 +0.002665 X2 and 4) Y= -1.782+0.019 X1 +0.00355 X2. There was positive correlation between DMI with body weight or metabolic body weight and ADG for all the 4 equations and R2 was 0.32; 0.32; 0.66 and 0.56 respectively. In spite of great differences in correlation coefficients, equations 2, 3 and 4 were found to be useful for predicting dry matter requirement from 100 to 400 kg body weight and from zero to 750 g ADG. However, equation 1 may be useful for 100 to 200 kg body weight

The incidence of twinning in Nili-Ravi buffaloes was observed in 1,340 calvings at the Livestock Experiment Station, Bakadurmagar district, Okara, during a period of 9 1/2 years. The twinning rate was found to be 0.298 % and the incidence of twin birth had no adverse effect on subsequent post-partum productive and reproductive performance. However, twinning in buffalo is undesirable due to reduction in female progeny

Based upon skin hypersensitivity reaction, intradermal test was applied for the diagnosis of spontaneous fascioliasis in buffaloes. A supernatant of homogenised and sonicated extract of F. gigantica was used as antigen. Selecting neck site region as the test site it was noticed that 48.78 %, 63.41 % and 70.74 % of infected buffaloes showed positive reactions at 1/2 h, 6 h and 24 h after intradermal inoculation of antigen. The histopathological examinations of skin biopsies taken from the test site revealed hypersensitivity-l and lll at 1/2 h and 24 h intervals, respectively. Maximum number of false reactions were noticed at 1/2 h period and in tuberculin positive herd and least at 24 h. The intradermal test produced better results when the readings were taken at 24 h and the values of =9.90 mm increase in skin fold thickness were considered as standard for positive reactions.