Abstract: This study sought to discuss the governance structures adopted between livestock producers and their cooperative slaughterhouses in the chain of differentiated beef in the state of Paraná. The theoretical basis used was the Transaction Cost Economics and Measurement Costs Economics, complemented by the specificities of cooperatives. We conducted interviews with three key agents and eleven representatives of six cooperative slaughterhouses operating in this system. As result, we observed that the cooperatives have similar objectives and requirements, although there are differences in the levels of formality or flexibility. Although transactions are recurrent and have been successful, they involve a high asset specificity, depend on subjective measurements, and are still exposed to market uncertainties, which leaves room for the generation of conflicts and disincentives to quality. Despite this, the relational and reputational aspects associated with trust and partnership between the parties are elements that enable reduced transaction and measurement costs in these structures. At first, the measurements conducted by the cooperatives had an important role in the construction of trust between the parties and for value distribution. In a second moment, the trust built enabled the reduction of measurement costs.

Um dos principais reflexos do período pós-desregulamentação do setor sucroalcooleiro foi a criação de grupos de comercialização de etanol, uma estratégia das usinas para se defender do poder de barganha das distribuidoras de combustíveis que impuseram à época condições de preço bastante desfavoráveis ao segmento de produção de etanol. A dificuldade de coordenação, porém, sempre foi característica do setor sucroalcooleiro, o que levanta dúvidas sobre o sucesso dos grupos em coordenar as vendas e manter a coesão. Partindo-se desse ponto, este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a coordenação e a coesão de grupos de comercialização de etanol atuantes na região Centro-Sul do Brasil. Para isso, conduziu-se um estudo de casos múltiplos, sendo analisados três dos quatro grupos de comercialização atuantes na região Centro-Sul. Ao final, concluiu-se que, embora problemas de coordenação existam, os grupos, cada qual com suas características, dando maior ou menor importância para questões econômico/contratuais e relacionais, são bem-sucedidos e permitem melhora no poder de barganha junto às distribuidoras de combustível.<br>One of the major consequences of the deregulation period in the sugar and ethanol industry was the creation of ethanol trading groups. Ethanol producers adopted this strategy to defend themselves against the market power of fuel distributors, which, at that time, imposed very unfavorable price conditions to the production segment. However, coordination problems have always been a characteristic of this industry, which raise doubts about the success of the trading groups to coordinate sales and maintain group cohesion. Based on this point, this paper aims to examine the coordination and cohesion of ethanol trading groups. For this purpose, a multiple case study was conducted, with three of the four trading groups operating in the Central-Southern region in Brazil. The conclusion was that although there are coordination problems, groups, each of them with their characteristics, are successful and allow to balance the power game between manufacturers and distributors.