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Modelo de Análise da Oferta de Exportação de Milho Brasileira: 2001 a 2012 Texto completo
2015
Jackelline Favro | Carlos Eduardo Caldarelli | Marcia Regina Gabardo da Camara
Resumo: Este estudo tem como objetivo estimar a função de oferta de exportação de milho para o Brasil, no período de 2001 a 2012. Para esta análise foi desenvolvido um modelo teórico, estimado utilizando-se cointegração e modelo de autorregressão vetorial com correção de erros (VEC). As variáveis utilizadas foram: exportação de milho, preço internacional do milho, abate de aves, preço da soja e PIB mundial. Os resultados alcançados apontaram a existência de relação de longo prazo entre as variáveis do modelo. O preço internacional do milho, o abate de aves, o preço da soja e o PIB mundial apresentaram sinais condizentes com o modelo teórico. Observou-se impacto positivo nas exportações de milho após um choque não antecipado no preço da soja e impacto negativo após um choque não antecipado no abate de aves. Já com relação ao preço internacional, verificou-se que um choque nessa variável provoca um impacto negativo sobre as exportações de milho. Com o objetivo de verificar as relações entre o preço doméstico e o preço internacional do milho, realizou-se o teste de exogeneidade fraca e constatou-se que, apesar deste mercado ainda não apresentar a Lei do Preço Único, mudanças no preço internacional do milho afetam o preço doméstico.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Impactos Econômicos do Código Florestal Brasileiro: uma discussão à luz de um modelo computável de equilíbrio geral Texto completo
2015
Tiago Diniz | Joaquim Bento Ferreira Filho
Resumo:O trabalho analisa os impactos econômicos decorrentes da aplicação do Código Florestal, na sua nova versão e na anterior, sobre o Brasil e suas regiões. Para tanto, foram analisados três cenários distintos de aplicação do código por meio de um modelo de equilíbrio geral inter-regional, o TERM-BR, a partir do qual se podem obter os resultados a nível nacional e regional. Os dados básicos foram obtidos por meio de estudos realizados via imagens de satélite e compatibilizados com as informações de uso do solo provenientes do Censo Agropecuário de 2006. As conclusões mostraram que as restrições mais brandas da nova legislação, de fato, desdobram-se em menores impactos econômicos. Com o novo Código Florestal, a adequação às restrições legais implicaria redução de 0,19% do PIB do País ou de 0,17%, quando utilizado o mecanismo de compensar o déficit de Reserva Legal em outro estado. Na versão anterior do código, por sua vez, esse percentual seria de 0,37% do PIB. Esses resultados agregados, contudo, têm diferenças significativas quando analisados entre as regiões do Brasil, uma vez que, regionalmente, as incidências legais são distintas em cada um dos cenários.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]The Economic Role of the Portuguese Agricultural Cooperatives Texto completo
2015
João Rebelo | José Caldas
Since 2008 Portugal began to be influenced by a financial crisis, public budget troubles and an economic crisis. In line with the new economic paradigm within the EU, is publicly acknowledged that the overcoming of this crisis should be based on the production of transactional goods, where the agricultural sector deserves a special attention. The objective of this paper is to analyze the economic role of the Portuguese agricultural marketing cooperatives, including an overview of the Portuguese agricultural sector, the typology of Portuguese cooperatives and position in the agro food chain, the institutional environment, internal governance and performance of the agricultural cooperatives.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Habitat Features and Strategies for the Sustainable Development in the Alentejo Region Texto completo
2015
Rui Manuel de Sousa Fragoso
The unfavoured Portuguese regions have a level of life and economic growth rates lower than favoured regions, and the mean of European Union and hence have less entrepreneurial activities. The adoption of strategies of sustainable development driven by entrepreneurship phenomena could be a viable solution. Thus, the likely relationships between entrepreneurship and regional features were described, and sources of entrepreneurship opportunities for strategies based on the own regional resources and competitive advantages were identified. The paper concludes that, for the Alentejo region, some habitat variables should be reinforced for promoting entrepreneurship and sustainable development, and the main opportunities are related to the economic activities that belong to the regional productive profile of specialization.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Less or More Intensive Crop Arable Systems of Alentejo Region of Portugal: what is the sustainable option? Texto completo
2015
Carlos Marques | Fátima Baptista | Luis Leopoldo Silva | Dina Murcho | Maurícia Rosado
Less or More Intensive Crop Arable Systems of Alentejo Region of Portugal: what is the sustainable option? Texto completo
2015
Carlos Marques | Fátima Baptista | Luis Leopoldo Silva | Dina Murcho | Maurícia Rosado
Competitiveness of traditional arable crop system of Alentejo region of Portugal has been questioned for long. Discussion and research on the sustainability of the system has evolved on two contrasted alternative options for production technologies to traditional system. On the one hand reduced and no tillage systems aim to more extensive technical operations reducing costs and maintaining production, or even to increase it in the long run as soil fertility improves. On the other hand, input intensification using irrigation, as a complement in the last stage of crop cycle or always when needed, aimed to increase system production levels. To evaluate competitiveness and sustainability of arable crop system we evaluated traditional rotation technology and alternative no tillage and irrigation systems and analyze their farm economic results as well as their energy efficiency and environmental impacts. The analysis of the impact of no tillage and irrigation on arable land production system showed that both alternatives contributed to cost savings and profit earnings, energy savings and reduced GHG emissions, increasing physical and economic factor efficiency. Research and technological development of both options are worthwhile to promote competitiveness and sustainability of arable crop production systems of the Alentejo region in Portugal.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Less or more intensive crop arable systems of Alentejo region of Portugal: What is the option to sustainable production? Texto completo
2015
Marques, C. | Baptista, F. | Silva, L.L. | Murcho, D. | Rosado, M.
Competitiveness of traditional arable crop system of Alentejo region of Portugal has been questioned for long. Discussion and research on the sustainability of the system has evolved on two contrasted alternative options for production technologies to traditional system. On the one hand reduced and no tillage systems aim to more extensive technical operations reducing costs and maintaining production, or even to increase it in the long run as soil fertility improves. On the other hand, input intensification using irrigation, as a complement in the last stage of crop cycle or always when needed, aimed to increase system production levels. To evaluate competitiveness and sustainability of arable crop system we evaluated traditional rotation technology and alternative no tillage and irrigation systems and analyze their farm economic results as well as their energy efficiency and environmental impacts. The analysis of the impact of no tillage and irrigation on arable land production system showed that both alternatives contributed to cost savings and profit earnings, energy savings and reduced GHG emissions, increasing physical and economic factor efficiency. Research and technological development of both options are worthwhile to promote competitiveness and sustainability of arable crop production systems of the Alentejo region in Portugal.
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