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Effect of forest fragment size on Polistinae (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in a transitional area of Cerrado and Atlantic Forest in south central Minas Gerais state, Brazil Texto completo
2022
Maria Luiza Santana Coelho | Taiguara Pereira de Gouvêa | Mateus Aparecido Clemente | Marcos Magalhães de Souza
Ecosystem fragmentation negatively affects biological diversity and compromises different environmental services. This situation occurs in two important biomes in Brazil, the Atlantic Forest and the Cerrado. There is little information on the effects of fragmentation on animal taxa, including social wasps. It was hypothesized that fragments that are small in size and subject to anthropogenic pressures have reduced social wasp richness and colony numbers. This study aimed to investigate the effect of forest fragmentation on Polistinae richness and colony number at Atlantic Forest and Cerrado sites in southern central Minas Gerais State, southeastern Brazil. The study was conducted in three fragments, Mata do Baú, Cachoeira da Lajinha, and Cachoeira do Padeiro, from October 2020 to March 2021, using active collection to record social wasp species and colony numbers. A total of 42 species and 80 colonies were recorded in the three fragments. Forest fragment size alone did not influence social wasp communities, but communities were significantly affected by a combination of factors, including fragment size, adjacent vegetation, and anthropogenic pressures. Species richness was higher in Mata do Baú and Cachoeira da Lajinha, which did not differ from each other, than in Cachoeira do Padeiro; however, all fragments had exclusive communities. Therefore, an increase in anthropogenic pressure in any of the three fragments may lead to losses in social wasp species.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Record of bees and wasps (Insecta: Hymenoptera) during the dry season in a floodplain in the South Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil Texto completo
2022
Nikolas Gioia Cipola | Diego Galvão de Pádua | Karine Schoeninger | Bruno Garcia de Oliveira | Sian de Souza Gadelha | João Antonio Cyrino Zequi
We reported the hymenopteran fauna (except Formicidae) in a floodable area in the South Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The study was conducted in a riparian forest of the Miranda river, located in the Passo do Lontra region, Corumbá. The collection occurred in the dry season of August 2016 using different capture methods. A total of 137 individuals distributed in 18 families, 43 genera, and 64 morphospecies (10 nominal) were collected. The families with the greatest richness were Diapriidae and Ichneumonidae with 11 morphospecies each (17% of the total), followed by Platygastridae and Braconidae with 10 and nine, respectively. Two species were newly recorded for Brazil: Gryonoides pulchellus Dodd, 1920 (Platygastridae) and Losada penai Fritz, 1873 (Crabronidae), plus 22 new records for Mato Grosso do Sul. This study increases about 5.2% of the wasp fauna recorded in Mato Grosso do Sul, as well as for the Pantanal.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]First Records of Black Widow Spider Latrodectus Walckenaer (Araneae: Theridiidae) in Oman Texto completo
2022
Ali Al-Jahdhami | Ali Al-Raeesi | Said Al-Rashdi
The present communication deals with a faunistic study on two species of Latrodectus Walckenaer with medically important issues from Oman. Several specimens of Latrodectus have been collected at various localities in Sultanate of Oman. This study records two species of Latrodectus from Oman, of which Latrodectus cinctus Blackwall only from northern Oman and Latrodectus geometricus C.L. Koch from both northern and southern Oman.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Commercial extract of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) and mango essence as potential attractants for Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) Texto completo
2022
Alexandre Santos Araújo | Leandro do Santos Leal | Lorena Araújo Peixoto Correia | Jennifer da Silva Andrade | Artur Magno Fiais Barreto | Carina Cristina de Oliveira Santos Costa | Amanda Amorim Silva Cardoso | Fábio Luís Galvão-Silva | Alzira Kelly Passos-Roriz | Paulo Roberto Ribeiro de Mesquita | Iara Sordi Joachim-Bravo
Various host compounds have been investigated to produce an alternative attractant for monitoring and controlling pest insects. Several studies evidenced that volatile molecules released by coffee and mangoes attracted both male and female Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), a significant pest in fruit crops. In this study, we tested the effectiveness of the commercial glycolic extract of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) and a commercial mango essence (Mangifera indica L.) to attract C. capitata. We identified the main volatile compounds (VOCs) emitted from such products. The experiments were conducted in field cages and showed that the glycolic extract of coffee attracts both sexes of C. capitata, while the mango essence attracts only males. After seven days, the pH of the coffee extract and mango essence did not change. These results indicate that attractants based on commercial fruit extracts and essences can be an option for integrated pest management of the Mediterranean fruit fly in orchards.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]First record of Delphastus argentinicus Nunenmacher (Coccinellidae: Serangiini) as a predator to whitefly in cassava crops Texto completo
2022
Greissi Tente Giraldi | Julio César Guerreiro | João Paulo Francisco | Evandro Pereira Prado | Pedro José Ferreira-Filho
Cassava crops hold high agricultural importance in Paraná State, Brazil. However, cassava root production is adversely impacted by pests. Aleyrodids, in particular, cause great damage to cassava fields, necessitating better knowledge of predators found in these agroecosystems and novel biological control strategies for integrated pest management. This study reports the first occurrence of the predatory lady beetle Delphastus argentinicus Nunenmacher, preying on all life stages of whiteflies in cassava fields. Given the economic and social importance of cassava crops in Brazil and the deleterious potential of aleyrodid species, it is recommended to conduct behavioral and bioecological studies assessing the application of D. argentinicus as a biocontrol agent in integrated pest management programs.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]A hidden Amazonian fauna: first record of Neoempheria bilobata Edwards, 1940 (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) in Pará State, Brazil Texto completo
2022
Edna Maria Amaral | Sarah Siqueira Oliveira | Rafaela Lopes Falaschi
Neoempheria Osten Sacken is a genus of Mycetophilidae that has a life cycle associated with fungi. The genus is diverse in the Neotropical region, with 41 species known from Brazil that are predominantly known in southern and southeastern areas. This study reports on the first record of this genus for Pará state and redescribes Neoempheria bilobata Edwards, which was previously decribed from a male holotype from southern Brazil. We furnished high-resolution images and illustrations, as well as a detailed redescription of this species, based on male and female specimens.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Response of Odonata communities to dry season in a Deciduous Forest in the Northern Minas Gerais, Brazil Texto completo
2022
Taiguara Pereira de Gouvêa | Tomás Matheus Dias de Oliveira | Eike Daniel Folha Ferreira | Gabriel de Castro Jacques | Gabriel Teofilo-Guedes | Diogo Silva Vilela | Marcos Magalhães de Souza
Odonata sampling effort in the state of Minas Gerais has intensified throughout the 21st century. However, research on these insects in some regions and ecosystems such as the Deciduous Forest are incipient, and the effect of prolonged dry periods over these insects is still unknown. This study thus aimed to assess changes in adult Odonata species composition over one year in a Brazilian Deciduous Forest and the Odonata species richness in the Mata Seca State Park in the Manga and Itacarambi municipalities in the Northern region of the state of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Twenty-four days of sampling were distributed in February, May, July and November, adopting an active search through entomological nets close to lentic environments (Lagoa Angical, Lagoa Comprida, Lagoa Encantada, Lagoa da Prata and two wetlands of Lajedo da Lua); lotic environments (São Francisco river) and in associated terrestrial ecosystems. In total, 55 species were collected. Rainy and dry periods altered Odonata communities’ composition but did not affect species richness and abundance due to the presence of permanent lagoons associated with the São Francisco river. This study shows the importance of the Mata Seca State Park for preserving Odonatofauna in the state of Minas Gerais and for protecting those permanent lagoons.
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