The effect of the plant resistance inducer acibenzolar-S-methyl on in vitro mycelial growth and sporulation of Curvularia eragrostides was evaluated, as well as the time and dosage of its application for the pathosystem yam x C. eragrostides. Five concentrations: 250; 125; 62.50; 31.25 and 15.12 ppm were evaluated for mycelial growth and sporulation of C. eragrostides. The ASM was sprayed onto the leaves of yam plants, at a concentration of 10 g, 20 g, and 30 g of the active ingredient (i.a.) per 100 liters of water, at time intervals of 10, 15, and 30 days before pathogen inoculation. Mycelial growth and sporulation of C. eragrostides was not affect by ASM, at the concentrations of 62.5; 31.25, and 15.12 ppm. Application of ASM was most effective at the dose of 15 g a.i./100 l of water, at 15 days before pathogen inoculation, providing protection against C. eragrostides, with a decrease of up to 76.15 % in yam leaf spot severity.

With the objective of increasing the percentile of rooted cuttings and the quality of the newly formed root system through the treatment of cuttings with AIB and sucrose, the present study took place. The experiment was conducted in an intermittent mist chamber located in the experimental orchard at UFLA, in Lavras, MG. The herbaceous cuttings of cv. Paluma were collected in the orchard of UFLA in March of 1999. The prepared cuttings with 2 nodes and 1 pair of leaves reduced to half were treated with AIB in immersion for 24 hours at concentrations of 0, 100, 200 and 300 mg.L-1, 2% sucrose being added or not. After the treatment the cuttings were planted in polyethylene sacks with sand as a substrate. The layout used was it entirely casual with 4 repetitions and 15 cuttings per plot. From the evaluations it was concluded that: a) the concentration of 300 mg.L-1 of AIB provided the best result for the percentage of rooted cuttings as well as for the number and average weight of the dry root matter. b) The presence sucrose didn't present a significant effect on the characteristics analyzed. c) The simple permanence of the leaves on the cuttings didn't influence their rooting. d) In those cuttings treated with 300 mg.L-1 of AIB, it was not necessary for the leaves to persist for 60 days.

The present work had as objective verifies different methods for evaluation of the physiologic potential of gherkin seeds. Two lots of seeds aged were used artificially, in water, being obtained for each lot, six quality levels. The seeds aged artificially to the temperature of 41ºC by 0, 8, 16, 24, 32 and 45 hours and high relative humidity were submitted to the germination tests, first count of the germination and vigor. The first germination count, accelerated aging (41ºC/48h) and seedling emergence was efficient in evaluating physiological quality of gherkin seeds.

The present research if developed in an area of 7 ha that it was divided in seven equal sub-parcels and it had as objective to evaluate the effect of itinerant agriculture by means of drill and forest fire of the lenhosa vegetation, with subsequente plantation of maize and beans, for up to two years followed of rest for up to five years on the edafic fauna. In the period of rest these areas had been used as area of maintenance of ten sheep matrices. To the side of these systems an established secondary bush has 50 years was used as control. Had been installed traps type "Pitfal" for the collects of the fauna of the soil in the period of abundant rain and the dry period. The forest fires carried through in the treatments cultivated with maize and beans, had contributed for a drastic reduction in the diversity of the soil fauna. The group's formicidae and coleopters had been gifts more abundantly in all the handling systems what it exactly shows its presences in caatinga in adverse conditions. The period of collects of the fauna of soil influenced in the evaluated biological attributes.

Yellow passion fruit crop (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg.) and natural insume use on agriculture are increasing in Remígio county Paraíba State, Brazil. In this direction was carried out an experiment, during July 2005 to December 2006 in randomized blocks in order to evaluate the effects of absence and presence of biofertilizers comum (bovine manure fertilizer fresh and water) and supermagro (bovine manure, water, macronutrients and micronutrients), applied to soil on liquid form, in level of 2.4 L plant-1, 30 days before and two months after transplanting, in the absence and presence of mineral fertilizer with NPK, with three repetition and six plantas per set using a factorial designs 3x2. The biofertilizers show more reliable to growth than fruit production of yellow passion fruit. Biggest production corresponded to treatments with the use of mineral fertilizer, specially in the first production. Comum and supermagro biofertilizer gave significative effects on vegetative growth of plants of yellow passion fruit plant but had no influence on fruits production.

Brazil possesss potential for attainment of great amounts of apicultural products, what it differentiates it of the too much countries that, normally, harvests an only time per year. However despite the diversity of the apicultural flora and the high existing food concentration in the rainy period, during the dry station, a scarcity of apicultural grass e occurs, consequently, of food for the bees being necessary a complementary feeding of this form assuring the productivity and the profits. The feeding of the bees of course is very selective, them is adapted in the adult phase to an feeding eliminates, however, these unbalanced fluids little is concentrated and its composition with predominance of sugars, thus needing complementing in the diet with a rich food in proteins as form is pólen.Dessa is necessary to know foods conventional and alternative for the period of between harvest diminishing the loss of the brief produção.Esta revision presents excellent aspects of the feeding of the bees relating its chemical composition, nutritional value and functional properties.

The albizia is a species arbores of the Leguminosae - Mimosoideae family (Momosaceas), native of Tropical Asia and characterized for presenting a speed growth, ability to fix nitrogen and to improve the structure of earth, especially in areas degraded, having uses multiples and facility to co associate with cultures agricultural. The research was lead in two experiments with the objective of to identify methods to superation of dormancy in seeds of albizia and to verify the effect of light and temperatures in germination of this species. In first the seeds were submitted the twelve methods to superation of dormancy: humid heat, immersion in hot water, immersion in sulfuric acid, and escarification mechanic, beyond of the witness, being determined the percentage of germination of seeds seard and deceased. In second experiment, after treatment with sulfuric acid for 10 minutes, the seeds were sowed in tabledoch paper type Germitest and put to germinate under nine combinations: continue light and constant temperature of 25oC; continue light and constant temperature of 35oC; continue light and alternated temperature (35oC/8h and 25oC/16h); dark continue and constant temperature of 25oC; dark continue and constant temperature of 35oC; dark continue and alternated temperature (35oC/8h and 25oC/16h); alternance of light (light/8h and dark/16h), 25oC; alternance of light (light/8h and dark/16h), 35oC and alternance of light and temperature (light/35oC/8h and dark/20oC/16h). Conclusion the specie Albizia lebbeck presents seeds dormancy, detach-itself the escarification mechanic and the sulfuric acid as efficient methods to the superation of dormancy; the seeds of albizia are insensitive to the light and your germination was not influenced by the temperatures useds.

The use of fungicides is a key measure of control used to halt the vine decline in melon by Monosporascus cannonballus. This study aimed to ascertain the effectiveness of the active principles fluazinam and methyl thiophanate in control of M. cannonballus in melon. Melon plants (yellow type) were grown in pot with soil naturally infested with the pathogen. The soil was originated from areas with a history of vine decline in melons. It was used a design in DIC with 10 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments consisted of increasing doses of these active principles alone or in combination. Were utilized two controls: autoclaved soil and naturally infested soil. The parameters analyzed were fresh weight of roots, damage to hypocotyl in primary and secondary roots. The analysis of variance indicated that all treatments that showed the presence of active principle fluazinam differ significantly from other treatments. In addition, the analysis did not indicate differences among the doses used in the experiment. Thus, it appears that this active principle can be recommended at its lowest dose to control the disease once it is properly registered to this crop. It was found phytotoxic effects of the active principle methyl thiophanate in melon plants during this experiment.

The objective of the present work was to study the characteristics biometrics of the fruit and the effect of the physical and chemical scarification in the germination of seeds of Caesalpinia ferrea Mart. ex Tul. Ripe fruits were collected in August of 2007 of existent trees in the campus of the Rural Federal University of the Semi-arid, Mossoró- RN. The evaluations were carried at the Laboratory of Analysis of Seeds of the Department of Vegetable Sciences of UFERSA. The germination test was constituted of witness and 4 treatments (types of common vinegar: vinegar of alcohol, vinegar of red wine and vinegar of white wine) and hot water to 65ºC, with 4 repetitions of 50 seeds. The sowing was in containers plastic with dimensions of 32.5 x 24 x 4 cm (length, width and depth). The used substrates were sand washed sterilized previously and being irrigated with water distilled. The appraised characteristics were: mass of the fresh matter and matter dries of the seedling, germination percentage and index of emergency velocity. The immersion of the seeds in vinegar of white wine favors the germination, the index of germination velocity and the accumulation of fresh and dry matter of the juca seedlings.

During the germination process, the impermeability of the tegument and the humidity of the substratum they influence the reidratação of the seeds, metabolic activation and consequent growth of your embryonic axis. Therefore, the present work was led with the objective of evaluating the effect of the removal of the tegument in the germination and vigor of seeds of pinhão-tame (Jatropha curcas L.) in different volumes of water in the substratum. After the seed shoud treatments they were installed in germination model Mandelsdorf under regime of natural light in the constant temperature of 30ºC. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized factorial design outline 2 x 4 (2 - with and without tegument and 4 - humidities 2,0; 2,5; 3,0 and 3,5 times the weight of the paper (g).). The evaluations were accomplished daily (primary roots protrusion) and to the 07 and 10 days of the beginning of the test, being computed the normal seedlings. In agreement with the results obtained in the present work, the retreat of the tegument can be ended it affects the germination and vigor of the seeds negatively, that the when the substratum is humidified with volume of water (mL) in the strip from 2,0 to 2,5 times the weight of the paper, happening the reduction of the germination and vigor when the substratum is humidified for superior values to this. Presenting better acting when the substratum is humidified with volumes of water (mL) equivalent to 3,0 and 3,5 times the weight of paper germitest (g), happening the reduction of the germination and vigor when the substratum is humidified for inferior values to these.