ABSTRACT Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] is an important socioeconomic crop in Brazil, mainly in the Northeast and more recently in the Midwest of Brazil. Charcoal rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid, is an important disease in semiarid regions, where edaphoclimatic conditions are favorable to the development of disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of 100 cowpea lines to two isolates of M. phaseolina. The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design, with five replications (two plants per pot). The main variables evaluated were lesion length and relative growth compared to control (RGCC). Among the evaluated accessions, 15% of the lines were resistant to isolate 59 and 11% of the lines were resistant to isolate CMM 2106 of M. phaseolina. Therefore, these accessions can be used as a source of resistance to M. phaseolina by farmers directly as new cultivars or in future hybridizations of cowpea genetic breeding programs.

ABSTRACT The use of resistant cultivars is an efficient and recommended method for the management of leafminers, which are the main phytosanitary problem in melons. The objectives of this study were to identify the sources of resistance to the leafminer in yellow melon accessions and to determine the resistance inheritance in acession AM-RT. Two field experiments were conducted in the municipalities of Baraúna, RN and Icapuí, CE, Brazil, to identify the sources of resistance. The design adopted was completely randomized blocks with 22 treatments and four replications. In this evaluation, the number of mines per leaf was quantified. The heterogeneity of the studied materials allowed for the identification of the accessions AM-RT and AM-TM as sources of resistance, considering that they revealed zero mines in the two evaluation environments. The accession AM-RT was selected and used to obtain the S1 population (by self-fertilization), S1:2 population derived from S1, and crossing between AM-RT and ‘Goldex’, which were evaluated in a third laboratory trial to determine the genetic control of resistance in that material. By the segregation pattern of the populations S1, S1:2, and the crossing (AM-RT and ‘Goldex’) and the estimation of the chi-squared (χ2) values, which were 1.33, 3.14, and 0.36, respectively, it was determined that the inheritance of resistance was controlled by only one gene with complete dominance. Therefore, in this study, two sources of resistance to the leafminer were identified, and resistance was conditioned by a gene with complete dominance in the accession ‘AM-RT’.