The use of different practical vegetal coverings and cultural seems to act directly on soil mesofauna. The objective of this work was to evaluate the variations of the groups of soil mesofauna n different systems of handling of the ground. The treatments had consisted of three areas: castor bean (Ricinus communis L.), pasture (Brachiaria decumbens) and native woods. In each area 21 samples had been removed, seven for treatments, three times. The soil mesofauna extracted using a modified Berlese-Tullgren apparatus. In the evaluation of the ecological behavior ofmesofauna, the total number of individuals was mensured and had been made comparisons of the communities using: the Shannon index and the Pielou index. Pertaining ones to filo Arthropoda had been identified to 13 taxonomics groupsin the three areas in study, being all. In the area and castor bean lesser diversity in the structure of the community of arthropods was verified, evidencing the influence of the culture systems on the population of soil mesofauna, diminishing its density and diversity in relation to the native woods area.

The effects of the fertirrigation were evaluated with in nature vinasse on to microorganism of the soil. The soil was treated with three levels different from in nature vinasse (equivalent to 200, 400 and 600m3.ha-1), withhumidity maintained around 70% of c.r.a.. Para isolation and count of the total microorganisms (bacterias, mushrooms and actinomicetos) and microorganisms celulolíticos were used the methods of the dilutions in series. The population of mushrooms had a significant increase with addition of the level of in nature vinasse of 200m3.ha-1, and the population of bacterias only obtained increase starting from the 120 days of incubation, tends larger growth in the level of vinasse 600m3.ha-1. The number of actinomicetos of the soil had a significant reduction in all the levels standing out the one of 600m3.ha-1, already with relationship to the population of microorganisms celulolíticos an increase of in nature vinasse 200m3.ha-1 was verified.

That revision article has for purpose to contain works regarding the of the you analyze physiochemical and microbiológicas of bee honey. They are related some of the most important goods published on the subject, to explain the main ones you analyze that the honey of bees should be submitted since it is a product in natura broadly consumed. The knowledge of the characteristics organoléptica, sensorial and microbiológicas of the honey has been aiding a lot in the characterization and quality control of that food.

Aimed to study the floristic composition of the shrub-tree layer in the areas in Caatinga baiana, Brazil. The study was made being used in each area 100 contiguous parcels of 10 x 10m. The collected material was deposited in the herbarium Jaime Coelho de Morais of UFPB and through consultations in specialized literature. They were registered in Senhor do Bonfim 1.793 individuals distributed in 52 species and 23 families. In the area of Jacobina were presented 1.961 individuals which were distributed in 62 species and 24 families. In Senhor do Bonfim, the families with larger number of species were Euphorbiaceae, Leg. Mimosoideae, Malvaceae and Rubiaceae. In Jacobina they stood out: Euphorbiaceae, Leg.Mimosoideae, Myrtaceae, Cactaceae, Leg. Caesalpinoideae, Malpighiaceae and Malvaceae. It was observed it influences her predominant of six species in the community of both areas. The analysis of similarity florística indicated that for the two areas the similarity was very low. It was verified that the studied areas presented composition varied floristic.

The objective of the present work was to characterize melon plant accessions collected in the Brazilian Northeast. They were appraised 42 accessions and four you cultivate commercial, in the years of 2006 and 2007, in twoexperiments in randomized blocks with two replications. 24 traits were used, being 1 of the seed, 11 of fruits, 7 inflorescência, 4 of the leaf and 2 of the plant. The accesses belonged to the botanical group Cantalupensis, Momordica, Conomon and not defined group. Great variation was observed among the accessions for all the traits, especially in the fruit descritores. Variation was verified among and within of the studied botanical groups, mainly in the group Cantalupensis. In a general way, the accesses were fruitful, productive, with long fruits of intermediate size the big ones, with low pulp firmness and lower content of soluble solids. The characterization of the accessions with relationship to the fruit traits can aid the improvement programs. Some accessions can be used to increased the fruitful and the productivity of the melon through crossings with elite cultivars.

This study aimed to evaluate the insecticidal activity of eight medicinal plants on Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Plant powder from Rosmarinus officinalis (L.) leaves, Peumus boldus (Mol) leaves, Matricaria chamomilla (L.) flowers, Baccharis trimera (Less.) leaves, Camellia sinensis (L.) leaves, Thea sinensis (L.) leaves, Ilex paraguariensis (St. Hil.) leaves, and fruits of Pimpinella anisum (L.) were used in the experiment. Bioassays were carried out under constant conditions of temperature (28±2 °C), relative humidity (70±5%) and scotophase of 24 hours. Experimental units consisted of 20 grams of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) grains with 13% wet basis moisture content, 2 g plant powder and ten adult insects, both placed in plastic containers (60 mm in diameter x 60 mm high). The analyzed variables included: insect mortality, oviposition (egg number) and instantaneous rate of population growth (ri). The number of dead insects was recorded 5 days after bioassays were started, the egg number was recorded after 12 days, and ri was estimated on the 60th day. All the tested plants had toxicity to C. maculatus. The highest mortality was found in insects treated with P. boldus and I. paraguariensis. Number of eggs and ri also varied significantly among the powders. The lowest mean values for these parameters were recorded in the plots treated with P. boldus, P. anisum and R. officinalis.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito dos componentes dos substratos em diferentes misturas submetidos à adubação fosfatada sobre a composição mineral de mudas de mangabeira. Este experimento foi executado no Centro de Ciências Agrárias, UFPB, localizado no município de Areia-PB. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com 17 tratamentos, três repetições, e unidade experimental constando de quatro mudas. Os substratos testados foram acondicionados em sacos de polietileno preto, composto de fibra de coco, com valores variando de 0 a 40 %, esterco bovino de 0 a 25,5 %, terra vegetal de 25 a 70 %, 15 % de areia e superfosfato triplo, nas doses de 0,0; 5,5 e 11,0 g L-1. Foi avaliada a composição mineral dos sistemas radiculares e na parte aérea das mudas aos 150 dias após a germinação das sementes, para os teores de macronutrientes e cobre. Aadição de esterco bovino e de superfosfato triplo provocaram o incremento dos teores de macronutrientes no sistema radicular e na parte aérea das mudas de mangabeira, ao contrário do efeito da adição de terra vegetal e fibra de coco. O teor de cobre na parte aérea das mudas aumentou com o incremento da concentração de terra vegetal e da fibra de coco no substrato. Recomenda-se a utilização das concentrações de 24 % de esterco, 51 % de terra vegetal, 10 % de fibra de coco, 15 % de areia e 8 g dm- 3 de superfosfato triplo, para obtenção dos máximos teores estimados de macronutrientes e de cobre no sistema radicular e na parte aérea de mudas de mangabeira.

The objective of this present study was to evaluate the productive performance and carcass traits of kids goats receiving rations containing four ratios of concentrate and roughage using the Elephant grass in natura chopped as roughage. The ratios evaluated were: 80:20; 60:40; 40:60 and 20:80% of concentrate and roughage in dry matter basis of rations. Twenty eight Saanen male goats with 9.3 kg of initial body weight distributed in four groups with seven animals in collective pens were used. The experimental design adopted was a completely randomized with seven replicates. The increase of concentrate in rations promoted higher average daily gain, final body weight, total weight gain. Besides, there were obtained higher hot and cold carcass weight and dressing using highest concentrate levels. Thus, technically is viable the use of high concentrate based rations for finishing male goats. However, the concentrate to be used depends to bioeconomic performance promoted.

Seed hydration is considered the most important external factor interfering on germination. This study evaluated the tolerance of Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud seeds to water and salt stresses during germination. Seed germination was observed in four 100-seed replications, in polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) or sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions with four osmotic potentials levels (0; -0.5; -1.0 and -2.0 MPa), arranged according to a completely random design, simulating water and salt stresses, respectively, using four replications of 100 seeds. The germination percentage and germination velocity index were estimated. Percentage germination of the control seeds averaged 94%, and reduced to 77.6% and 44.3% in -1.0 MPa NaCl and PEG solutions, respectively. No germination was observed in -2.0 MPa. Germination velocity index showed the same trend. Gliricidia sepium seeds showed less tolerance to water than to salt stress, and in this condition they are not tolerate to osmotic stress up to -0,5 MPa.

An experiment was carried out at a greenhouse of Plant Science Department of the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Mossoró-RN, in the period of May to June of 2008, with the evaluate the agronomic performance of rocket in function of their times of decomposition of Ipomoea asarifolia incorporated. A completely randomized desing with six treatments and four replications. The treatments consist of: T1 (45 days incorporated); T2 (30 days incorporated); T3 (15 days incorporated); T4 (0 days incorporated); T5 (336g vaso-1bovine manure); T6 (Control no fertilized soil). The rocket cultivar grown was cv. Cultivada. The evaluated traits were: plant height, number of leaves per pot, dry mass and yield of grains. All the times traits were significantly affected by the amounts of Ipomoea asarifolia incorporated. Height mean value for plant height, dry mass and yield of grains were obtained in the time 11,8 days incorporated of 18,3 days for number of leaves.