Zizyphus joazeiro tree is a typical semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil, is mainly in the areas of crystalline basement in lower parts, where soils are deeper. It is endemic to biome caatinga, has great economic potential and importance to the semi-arid region, both in terms of socio-environmental, adds several species of bees, insects and birds, and for animal feed as fodder. The objective was to evaluate the possible effects of water stress and salt in the germination of seeds of Zizyphus joazeiro. The number of seeds in 100 per treatment, 04 repetitions of 25 seeds were placed to germinate on filter paper soaked with different solutions of NaCl and PEG 6000 (2.5 share the weight of paper: 1.0 solution or water) in potential 0.0 (control distilled water); -0.3, -0.6; and -0.9 MPa. Then were placed in the germination chamber at a temperature of 30 ºC in the presence of light. The results led to the conclusion that salt stress provides further reduction in the germination and speed of germination of Zizyphus joazeiro seeds than the water stress, regardless of the substance used for stress induction, germination limit was 0.6 to -0.9 MPa.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the accumulation of matter, dry matter content of Brix and two varieties of sugar cane, influenced by the phosphorus cultivated on "Zona da Mata" region, State of Alagoas. The experiment, a factorial 2 x 6, was composed of two varieties of cane; RB867515 and RB92579 and six phosphorus levels: zero, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg ha-1, with the source of the phosphorus triple superphosphate . Was also used nitrogen and potassium in doses equivalent to 100 and 200 kg ha-1 and K, respectively. The soil of the experimental area was set to raise the base saturation to 60%. At the beginning of the first rainfall of the rainy season of 2006 was performed with micro fertilization in coverage, in doses equivalent to 6,0; 6,0 and 7,0 kg ha-1 of Cu, Zn and Mn, respectively. Was The chemical control of weeds. Every month, from August to October 2006, samples were collected in the cane plant. There was initially the number of plants m2, followed by weighing the material. It was subsequently withdrawn a subsample containing ten plants for weighing. After weighing the material was passed in horsemanship and homogenized, again drew up a sample of approximately 300g, leading them to forced ventilation oven at 65 ºC, to obtain constant weight. Resulting in the production of natural (MN) and dry matter (DM). In July, we analyzed the levels of Brix% juice in the refractometer Brix. The average values of production of natural (MN), dry matter (DM) and contents of Brix% were subjected to analysis of variance and regression for variables. The accumulation of dry matter and were influenced by fertilization. The contents of Brix% in two varieties did not suffer significant influence of fertilization.

An experiment was carried out at a greenhouse of Plant Science Department of the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Mossoró-RN, in the period of May to June of 2008, with the evaluate the agronomic performance of rocket in function of their times of decomposition of Ipomoea asarifolia incorporated. A completely randomized desing with six treatments and four replications. The treatments consist of: T1 (45 days incorporated); T2 (30 days incorporated); T3 (15 days incorporated); T4 (0 days incorporated); T5 (336g vaso-1bovine manure); T6 (Control no fertilized soil). The rocket cultivar grown was cv. Cultivada. The evaluated traits were: plant height, number of leaves per pot, dry mass and yield of grains. All the times traits were significantly affected by the amounts of Ipomoea asarifolia incorporated. Height mean value for plant height, dry mass and yield of grains were obtained in the time 11,8 days incorporated of 18,3 days for number of leaves.

The present work, Brachiária decumbens Stapf., to the application of lime, nitrogen and zinc in the quality of dry matter to evaluate residual the reply of the during four cuts. For this, an experiment was installed in the UNESP/FEIS, Selvíria-MS, a distrofic Red Latosol (october/1996 may/1997). The experimental design was blocks randomized, in factorial project 3x3x2, with 4 repetitions. The treatments had been composites for three rates of nitrogen: 0; 50 and 100kg ha-1, three rates of lime: 0; 267 and 556 kg ha-1 and two rates of zinc (0 and 5 kg ha-1), applied in the first year and reapplied in as the year, except the lime. In as the year of experimentation, one became fullfilled three cuts in the grass to the 10 cm of the soil, with intervals of 49 days, for the evaluation of the text of crude protein, coefficient of digestibility "in situ" of the dry matter and content neutral detergent fiber. The crude protein, increased with the fertilization nitrogen in all the cuts of the grass, however, the effect of the application of Zn and limestone, in the increment of the crude protein, was restricted only in as the cut. In as the cut it had positive interaction of N and Zn. The digestibility coefficient was increased with the application of the limestone only in the third cut, while in as cut had this increase occurred only with use of the biggest dose of N. The nitrogen fertilization diminished the neutral detergent fiber in the first cut of the grass, and increased in excessively the cuts. While, the zinc and lime application did not affect the neutral detergent fiber in the three cuts of the grass.

The purpose of this study was to assess the seedling growth of cashew and tamarind rootstocks with nitrogen fertilization. To this end, two experiments were conducted in the Production Sector of the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), at the University Unit of Cassilândia (UUC), Brazil. Five nitrogen levels were tested: 0, 400, 800, 1600 and 3200 mg/dm3 of N in the substrates. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with 4 repetitions and ten plants per parcel. 20 ml of urea solution were added to each application from each treatment containing 45% nitrogen. The application was repeated four times. Ninety days after planting, we assessed plant height (cm), number of leaves/seedling, plant diameter (mm), roots, aerial part, root and total dry matter (g/seedling). Nitrogen fertilizer in doses of up to 2000 mg/dm3 of N in the substrate ensures better cashew and tamarind rootstock seedling quality. A 3200 mg/dm3 dose of N in the substrate had a growth depression effect on the rootstock seedlings.

The objectives of this work were to determine the genetic correlation and define the strategies for obtain maize cultivars for traditional production system. For that, the white maize landrace population was rescued in Barbacena, MG and two experiments were installed with 100 half sib progenies using lattice triple in Barbacena and Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ. The estimates of correlations were different for each local requiring different strategy for trait selection due to contrast edaphoclimatic condition. The additive genetic correlationswere significant among primary production components and the productivity. On the other hand, the additive genetic correlations among primary and secondary production components were non significant. The traits related with flowering showed genetic correlation with productivity and primary production components, but not for secondary production components. Concluded that the increasing of productivity can be reached with direct or indirect selection for all environments; the indirect selection for number of plants/ area and number of plants with ears with kernels can be viability strategy in experiments in the small producers or by themselves instead of to select directly the productivity; the selection for increasing productivity without change the plant architecture is possible and adequate for traditional production system.

Due to a great amount of environmental differences between in vitro and ex vitro conditions, the acclimatization phase of plantlets is one of the essential points to guarantee the success in obtaining micropropagated plants. Using a substrate with chemical and organic composition is important on this phase, because it will influence in the nutritional state of the seedlings. The present paper aimed to evaluate the effects of different substrate on acclimatization of fig plants 'Roxo de Valinhos'. It were selected uniform plantlets within a 5 cm of height which were transferred to the greenhouse, with an intermittent mist system, with 50% mesh of shadow by sombrite® planted in stereo foam trays where were submitted to the following treatments: Plantmax®; carbonized rice husk; soil in combination with Osmocote®; manure (3:1:1); NPKMg. The experimental design adopted was randomized blocks in factorial scheme and the evaluation was done one hundred and twenty days after the acclimatization by the following characteristics: plant high (cm), number of leaves/plant, dry weight of aerial part and roots and total weight (g/plant). As results, it was verified that on the acclimatization of fig plantlets 'Roxo de Valinhos' using of substrate soil + carbonized rice husk+ manure promotted highest number of leaves and largest weight of aerial dry matter were obtained Plantmax® substrate without any addition of fertilizers.

La variabilidad en guayaba en las colecciones de germoplasma en Brasil es todavía bastante restricta, existiendo muchas "landraces" a ser recolectadas y caracterizadas. La necesidad de diversificar y aumentar la disponibilidad de genotipos productivos y de buena calidad, hizo con que el Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco (IPA) introdujera en la "Chapada do Araripe", en la región semiárida del Estado de Pernambuco, una colección de germoplasma de guayabo conducida bajo régimen de sequío. La colección es constituida de 21 accesos (IPA B-22.1, IPA B-15.1, IPA B-14.3, IPA B-14.2, Patillo 1.1, Patillo 1.2, Patillo 1.3, Patillo 2.1, Patillo 2.3, Red Selection of Florida 1, Ruby Supreme.2, Ruby Supreme.3, Surubim.3, EEF.3, IPA B-38.3, IPA B-38.1, White Selection of Florida.1, White Selection of Florida.2, Pentecostes.3, Grande Vermelha.2 e Red Selection of Florida.2) originarios de varias partes de Brasil. Fueron observados descriptores de caracterización y evaluación. Debido a su rusticidad, el guayabo se adaptó a la "Chapada do Araripe" y la colección presentó una gran variabilidad entre las características evaluadas. Considerando la doble utilización de ese germoplasma, se constató que los accesos de pulpa roja para la agrindustria Patillo2.3, Ruby Supreme.3, e IPA B-15.1 se han destacado por sus buenas producciones y Red Selection of Florida.1, por aliar buena producción a frutos grandes y de pulpa espesa. Entre los accesos destinados exclusivamente al consumo in natura, se debe destacar la 'Grande Vermelha.2' por las mismas razones.

This assay was conducted at the Department of Animal Science da Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido- UFERSA/RN. With the objective to evaluate the effects of the addition of growing levels of jitirana (Merremia aegyptia L.) in the nutritive value of the elephantgrass silage (Pennisetum purpureum Schum). The experimental design used was the completely randomizes with six treatments and three replicates. The treatments consited of corn silage with 0,10,20,30,40 and 50% of jitirana forage. The material remained ensiled for 65 days in experimental silos plastic sacks. And the contents of MS, PB, EE, RM, MO and crude energy (EB) were determined. The increase in the ratio of jitirana resulted into a positive linear effect on the values of PB, RM, EE and EB, and a negative effect on the contents of MS and MO. The addition of up to 50 % of jitirana forage in the mixture of the silage is a viable alternative to the improvement of the nutritive value of Sorghum silage.

The pineapple in Paraíba, the fruitful of larger economical importance is considered, with an area planted with more 11.000 there are, and with one of the best productivities at national level, about 23 t/ha. This research was developed in six producing municipal districts in the State, located in the area of the Swamp and Zone of the Forest, in the months of May, June and July of 2006, with the objective to diagnose the process of production of the culture of the pineapple. The data were obtained through a structured questionnaire, approaching information on the productive and socioeconomic process of the culture, being 10 questionnaires for municipal district, which were maybe distributed to the and applied in a direct and individual way, approaching from the big to the small producer. The data were submitted to the analysis of frequency distribution and descriptive. It was verified that the pineapple of cultivating 'Pérola' was the favorite for the producing of small and big load, and most of the pineapple produced in the State he/she feels in the small production, the crop is made in a handmade way, and most of the time without application of powder-crop techniques. Good part of the producers doesn't receive technical attendance it publishes, nor matter.