This work has, as its goal, to evaluate the effect of diverse concentrations of salt in irrigation water in the germination and initial growth of seedling of Jucá. The experiment was developed in the greenhouse of the Vegetable Sciences Department of the Federal Rural University of the Semiarid (UFERSA). The statistic delimitation was entirely casualized, with four treatments. To obtain the concentrations, we added NaCl and the electric conductivities (C.E.) T2-1.5; T3-3.0; T4-4.5 dS m-1 which, along with the standard (wellwater, T1-0,5 dS m-1) formed the treatments. The variables we analysed were: percentage of emergency (E), levels of emergency speed (IVE), the seedling's height (AP), and the seedling's dry matter mass (MSP). It was not possible to obtain an expressive result to the seedling dry matter mass variable. On the results, it appears that the salinity interferes in all the evaluated parameters, except dry matter, proportionally to the increase in salinity on the irrigation water. The evaluated characteristics are more sensible to salinity levels of 3dS m-1 or higher.

This study was aimed to adjust probability distributions to a data series of maximum and minimum daily air temperature of Iguatu city in different periods of time, for the purpose of observe that the distributions under study has a better performance and has recommended its use to estimate the probability of occurrence of the estimated values of maximum and minimum air temperature. For the adjustment the data in distribution of frequency were used six probability distributions: Beta, Gamma, I Gumbel, Log-Normal, Normal, and Weibull. Through the adherence tests of Kolmogorov-Smirnov at 20% of significance and Chi-square at 5%, the distributions Normal Log-normal and have a better fit to the data for all scales analyzed, recommended the use of normal function by ease the estimation of its parameters and probabilities.

In Northeastern Brazil peanut is an important culture due to its high palatability, nutritional value, grain high oil content and for being an additional and/or alternative source of income for small regional farmers. However, production is insufficient, primarily due to low yield, lack of use of adequate cultivars and inadequate management. Therefore, an experiment was carried out (March/June, 2008), at the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA) (Semi-arid Rural Federal University), in Mossoró, RN (Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil) experimental station, to evaluate yield of 2 creeping peanut cultivars (Runner IAC 886 and IAC-Caiapó), grown in 2 row spacings (0.5 m and 0.9 m). In a complete randomized block design treatments were allocated in a 2 x 2 factorial (2 cultivars x 2 row spacings), with 4 replications. Production components and yield were evaluated (number pods plant-1, number seeds meadow-1, 100 seed weight, pod yield, percentage yield almonds and straw yield). Cv. Runner IAC 886 showed higher yield than cv Caiapó, in both row spacings (0.5 m = 5,169 kg ha-1 and 0.9 m = 4,264 kg ha-1) mainly due to the number of pods plant-1. Row spacings affected both cultivars. Runner IAC 886 showed higher yield of pods at the 0.5 m spacing (5,897 kg ha-1) and Caiapó in the 0.9 m spacing (4,264 kg ha-1). Straw yield was higher in the lower row spacing cultivation.

The objective of present work was of classifying, consonant the Brazilian System, profiles of soils of ecosystems, as subsidies to evaluation of soil quality. The fieldwork was driven at the place Chã de Jardim, municipal district of Areia, PB, Brazil. They were open trenches, in different agrosystems - sabiá population (T1), of pinus (T2), and traditional cultivation-degraded area (T3), where they were made the description and it collects of soil materials for accomplishment of the chemical and physical analyses. The soils were classified in the Brazilian System of Classification of Soils. Being adopted an operational sequence, the profiles of respective areas were classified as: Entisol, Oxisol and Inceptisol In terms of quality of soil and starting from an arbitrated minimum indication, it was verified that profiles under pinus population and sabiá have position privileged in relation to degraded area. In spite of drop reservation of nutrients of profiles (dystrophic), the recycling in the soil under leguminous (T1) it is more efficient, since the reservation of nutrients in the Entisol is smallest among the compared sub superficiality.

Many arthropods are mentioned with whitefly natural enemies, including the green lacewings. The aim of this study is to analyses the development and the capacity of predation of Chrysoperla externa (Hagen, 1861) fed with Bemisia tabaci B biotype nymphs, rearing different vegetables (kale, broccoli, eggplant end tomato). The duration, viability end weight in each stage end phase of development of the insectpredator had been evaluated, as well as the predatory capacity of the larvae in the third instar. The larval phase of the predator presented minor duration when these had been fed with nymphs developed the broccoli (12.36 days) and minor duration of the tomato (14.36 days) phase when fed with nymphs developed in kale, broccoli, and eggplant (6.50, 7.20, 7.33 days, respectively). The lower indices of viability been found for the larvae fed with nymphs developed in the tomato (30%), and average weights have. The predatory capacity of the larvae during the third instar was not affected, independently on the plant host where the whitefly nymph fed itself.

Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. is an exotic species of Leguminoseae commonly known as flamboyant-mirim, and largely used for unban arborization. The objective of this study was to evaluate methods for overcome dormancy of seeds of flamboyant mirim. The work was developed at the Laboratory of Seed Analysis and green house of Centro de Ciências Agrárias at Universidade Federal da Paraíba, campus II, Areia, PB. The experimental procedure used was completely randomized with 14 treatments (control (intact seeds) (T1); scarification with sandpaper opposite number 80 in the region to hilum soaking in water for 0; 12; 24; 36 and 48 h (T2, T3, T4, T5 e T6) at 30 ºC; immersion in hot water at temperatures 70 and 80 °C (T7 and T8); sulfuric acid scarification by immersion 5; 10; 15; 20; 25 and 30 minutes(T9, T10, T11, T12, T13 e T14) and four repetitions. The variable obtained were percentage emergency, first count emergency and emergency speed index (IVE). Daily count of the seedlings was carried out during 25 days. The seeds immerged in sulfuric acid for 30 minutes presented smaller of seedlings emergency. The mechanical scarification of the seed tegument followed by immersion in water for 12 and 24 h are the most effective method for to overcome dormancy of seeds of flamboyant.

The aim of this study was to evaluate silicon (Si) and two phosphorus (P) extraction methods in "Latossolos" under corn and sorghum. The experiments were conducted in green-house, in a completely randomized, with corn for the 5x2x2 factorial arrangement, consisting of five P rates (0, 96, 192, 288 and 480 mg dm-3) in the absence and the presence of 300 mg dm-3 of slag in two "Latossolos" and four replicates, while for sorghum the experimental design was 5x2, and is used only one soil. The experimental plots were subjected to two incubation periods, the first with slag (only half of the plot) and then with lime. In the first experiment two plants were cultivated corn pot for 45 days and then ten plants of sorghum for 60. After the experiments took place the collection of plants being evaluated for plant height, stem diameter and dry weight of maize shoots and just shoot dry matter of sorghum, the levels of Si and P in samples soil and plants. The medium texture soil showed better correlations of Si and P. For the Olsen P method as both the Mehlich 1 had good correlation. Sorghum showed higher correlation coefficients than corn.

Beginning with the observed rainfall data and the potential evapotranspiration for normal, dry and rainy years, the best period for the vegetable cultivation was evaluated for Ipojuca, Pernambuco, Brazil. The potential monthly evapotranspiration (ETP) data was computed using Hargreaves' method and transformed into ten-day averages. The sum total of rainfall over a ten day period, full evapotranspiration and half of the potential evapotranspiration data are used to characterize of the growth phase, along with the determination of the pre-humid, humid and post-humid periods. The results show that the best period for the initial growth phase in Ipojuca for dry years is from the 01st of March to the 06th of October spaning 223 days and with a total rainfall of 1414 mm. Results demonstrated that the best initial growth phase for sugar cane during normal years is from the 20th of February to the 06th of October, spaning 236 days and with a total rainfall of 1864 mm. And for the rainy years, the best period for the initial growth phase of sugar cane is from the 23th of January to the 20th of October, spanning a period of 267 days and with a total rainfall of 2578 mm.

The thermo-reflective and black screens was used for shading for plants and they has private properties that improve the microclimate conditions, it was aimed to evaluate the growth and yields in hydroponic lettuce production (Lactuca sativa L, cv. Olinda), under effect of the thermo-reflective with different percentages of attenuation of the solar radiation. The treatments were and thermo black screens 50% with four different percentages of attenuation of the solar radiation, being meshes 40, 50, 60 and 70%. It was observed significant differences in function of the treatments for all the analyzed characteristics number of leaf, diameter of stem, fresh and dry matter biomass, leaf area and distances of internodes. The meshes thermo-reflective 40 and 50%, it had provided better development for lettuce, in relation to expression of the economical characteristics, being suitable to supply shading in greenhouse conditions at Northeastern semi-arid areas. However, it's improved the most control of the solar radiation, temperature and relative humidity, with micro weather conditions the best for growth and yields of Lettuce.

Considering the importance of studies in communities dynamics, especially in vegetation sites with anthropogenic disturbs as Caatinga of Northeastern Brazil, was evaluate the edge effect caused by the opening of a oil duct on the dynamics of plants in three physiognomies of Caatinga (open shrub, riparian shrub dense and shrub dense) over 15 months (May/2007, January/2008 and August/2008), taking into account the hypothesis that there are differences in the dynamics in areas near edge and more distant. In each situations were evaluated edge and interior, so much in terms of trees in five plots of 10×10 m contiguous as of regeneration of the plants in plots of 2×2 m. Were calculate mortality, recruitment and growth rates in the edge and interior. Most important differences in terms of edge and interior occurred in open shrub Caatinga. The largest fluctuations in the values of density and diameter occurred at the edge, which indicates that the opening of the duct caused greater interference in this situation.