A água é um bem precioso e insubstituível. É um recurso natural fundamental para as diferentes atividades humanas e para a vida na terra, propiciando ao homem qualidade de vida, por meio de seu uso na produção de alimentos para abastecimento das populações, na irrigação e na produção de energia, entre outros.

Considering the importance of the agricultural sector in Brazil and the existence of areas in different stages of degradation, it becomes strategic for interventions that can generate socio-economic and environmental benefits and positive impacts to the tripod F-W-E. Thus, the present study is based on the Ribeirão das Lajes dam (RJ), a core area for the water supply of the second largest city in Brazil - Rio de Janeiro. A methodological approach will be developed that will generate an integrated assessment tool to evaluate the impact of agriculture practices and its potentiality to ecosystem services provision in the Nexus F-W-E approach.

By 2030, it is estimated that the world population will be 8.3 billion people, increasing the pression in energy, water, food, land use and mineral extraction, especially in the developing world. These estimates indicate the immediate need to adopt interventions that can minimize these impacts. There is a lot of talk about sustainability, but it is still rare to make the results of integrated evaluations available on various topics. When considering the integrated Nexus Food-Water-Energy (F-W-E) assessment, this fact is even more challenging. Considering the importance of the agricultural sector in Brazil and the existence of areas in different stages of degradation, it becomes strategic for interventions that can generate socio-economic and environmental benefits and positive impacts to the tripod F-W-E. Thus, the present proposal will be based on the Ribeirão das Lajes dam (RJ), a core area for the water supply of the second largest city in Brazil - Rio de Janeiro. A methodological approach able to generate an integrated assessment tool to evaluate the impact of agriculture practices in the Nexus F - W - E will be presented. We used secondary official dada as the main input for this tool. One of the reasons is to make it accessible for different stakeholders and decision makers. It can help to get better decisions regarding land use intervention - which may be technical or political.

Considering all the scenarios about population growth and the increasing demand for food, water and energy, we highlight the potential of MFA to provide a range of benefits - beyond its primary function that is to produce food - through the promotion of conservationist practices in rural landscapes. We presented a feasible methodology framework to evaluate the impact of rural practices on the FWE security nexus in the Atlantic Forest biome. The basis of this methodology is the use of secondary data and a participatory approach. Thus, we ensure a bottom-up approach, promoting the stakeholder engagement and a low cost, promoting its applicability.

There is limited focus on the water-energy-food (WEF) nexus approach at the local scale, particularly considering the social contexts of neglected territories. To contribute to this debate, we propose a framework to address this topic in an area in Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, as a case study. A survey was conducted regarding residents' perceptions, choices, practices and access to water, energy, and food. The interviews highlighted important topics on the WEF nexus. As a result, a set of 12 indicators with data available on official datasets was proposed, reflecting residents' perceptions of WEF safety. For each indicator, thresholds were established based mainly on the goals defined by Brazilian policies across different spheres-federal, state, or municipal. Thus, each indicator is multi-scale and integrative, since it comprises a local perspective (from the interview results), an official perspective (from the official databases), and a threshold. The results showed problems with energy and water supply, and the presence of home cropping, contrasting with residents who do not have access to basic food and experience extreme poverty. All these elements drew attention to the possibility of applying the WEF nexus approach, searching for feasible solutions which can support better decisions and governance in neglected territories.

Coleta, acondicionamento e preparo de amostras: Solos: amostragem; criterios para a divisao da area de amostragem; numero de amostras simples ou subamostras; composicao da amostra; material para a amostragem; epoca de amostragem; frequencia de amostragem; algumas recomendacoes gerais para a amostragem; acondicionamento e identificacao da amostra; registro e preparo da amostra: registro; secagem; moagem, peneiragem e armazenagem; Agua: quando, onde e como amostrar; acondicionamento de amostras: tipo e procedimentos de limpeza; preservacao de amostras; Tecidos vegetais: amostragem; procedimentos para coletar amostras de folhas no campo: coleta de amostra; moagem; armazenagem; integridade da amostra; problemas de contaminacao; arquivo de amostras; Tecidos e produtos animais: aspectos importantes relacionados a coleta de amostras; objetivo da preparacao das amostras; preparacao das amostras: recebimento; identificacao e registro; pre-acondicionamento: amostras de origem vegetal; amostra de fezes; pre-secagem; Moagem; acondicionamento: fluxogramas e figuras das etapas de preparacao de amostras; Preparo de amostras de ingredientes e suplementos mineiras; Outros tipos de amostras de origem animal: osso; figado: biopsia; necropsia; observacoes; Sangue: plasma; soro; desproteinizacao; liquidos de rumen; liquidos de abomaso e de ileo; urina; extrusa, leite; pelo; Alimentos para consumo humano: Fundamento; Equipamentos; Procedimentos: inspecao e identificacao da amostra; solubilizacao da amostra; preparo da amostra; conservacao da amostra.

Coleta, acondicionamento e preparo de amostras: Solos: amostragem; criterios para a divisao da area de amostragem; numero de amostras simples ou subamostras; composicao da amostra; material para a amostragem; epoca de amostragem; frequencia de amostragem; algumas recomendacoes gerais para a amostragem; acondicionamento e identificacao da amostra; registro e preparo da amostra: registro; secagem; moagem, peneiragem e armazenagem; Agua: quando, onde e como amostrar; acondicionamento de amostras: tipo e procedimentos de limpeza; preservacao de amostras; Tecidos vegetais: amostragem; procedimentos para coletar amostras de folhas no campo: coleta de amostra; moagem; armazenagem; integridade da amostra; problemas de contaminacao; arquivo de amostras; Tecidos e produtos animais: aspectos importantes relacionados a coleta de amostras; objetivo da preparacao das amostras; preparacao das amostras: recebimento; identificacao e registro; pre-acondicionamento: amostras de origem vegetal; amostra de fezes; pre-secagem; Moagem; acondicionamento: fluxogramas e figuras das etapas de preparacao de amostras; Preparo de amostras de ingredientes e suplementos mineiras; Outros tipos de amostras de origem animal: osso; figado: biopsia; necropsia; observacoes; Sangue: plasma; soro; desproteinizacao; liquidos de rumen; liquidos de abomaso e de ileo; urina; extrusa, leite; pelo; Alimentos para consumo humano: Fundamento; Equipamentos; Procedimentos: inspecao e identificacao da amostra; solubilizacao da amostra; preparo da amostra; conservacao da amostra.

O objetivo deste trabalho e avaliar o efeito de sombreamento e plano nutricional sobre o consumo de alimento e agua, em ovinos Santa Ines Vermelho.

The service to the Brazilian rural population through sewage treatment services is still precarious. Data provided in the National Rural Sanitation Program (PNSR, 2019) show that about 80% of the households present in these areas dispose of their sewage inadequately, in the form of septic tanks or directly in lakes, rivers and the sea. This reality affects about 40 million Brazilians. This situation generates risks to public health and harms environmental quality, especially the quality of surface and underground water bodies, as well as soils. It adds to the situation currently observed to that projected as a result of future scenarios resulting from global climate change. The sixth report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC. 2023) points to an increase in the water deficit for most of the Brazilian territory, and it is necessary, as a strategy to adapt to this scenario, the development of technological assets aimed at improving water quality and making better use of this natural resource. As agriculture is the largest water-consuming economic activity in the country and heavily dependent on fertilizer imports, it is clear that systems that provide the reuse of treated effluents, as well as the nutrients present in them, gain strength and become a priority to deal with the expected risks, increasing the resilience and sustainability of production systems. For this reason, Embrapa, in partnership with IICA,low-cost alternative, easy installation and operation, low energy and labor dependence, and high efficiency in the removal of organic load and pathogens to serve rural and isolated communities. The ReAqua System consists of two stages, the first consisting of the Sewage Treatment Plant (ETE) and the second the agricultural system for the production of vegetables. The WWTP is assembled using tanks and water tanks, PVC or fiberglass pipes and connections, as well as materials used for civil construction. The sewage treatment system is based on joint Septic Tank – Anaerobic Filter, followed by sequential slow filtration with increasing difficulty and chlorine disinfection. The agricultural system stage of vegetable production is based on the use of gravity irrigation, reuse of nutrients by fertigation, use of soil cover by mulching The quality of the reused water, as well as the agricultural management used, allows the safe production of vegetables with less dependence on mineral fertilizers.