Cultivated land is the basis of food security and an important component of the construction of ecological civilization. The sustainable use of cultivated land is an important issue in land resource management, and it is also an inevitable factor when addressing the contradiction between food demands and resource and environmental constraints. Cultivated land use is both a food production process and a water- and energy-intensive process. Therefore, sustainable use of cultivated land is important not only for cultivated land itself but also for the associated social, economic, and ecological impacts of water and energy input. Therefore, based on the water–land–energy–food nexus, this paper carries out a theoretical analysis of cultivated land use following the element–structure–function framework and builds an evaluation framework of the sustainable use of cultivated land. Finally, this paper selects appropriate evaluation indicators to evaluate the changes in element coordination and function trade-offs of cultivated land use in Quzhou County from 2000 to 2020; analyzes the key influencing factors in detail; and proposes future development directions. The results reflect the fact that the element coordination degree showed obvious continuous decline three times in a row, then a brief rise, and it finally stabilized at a high level, whereas the synergies between the functions decreased and then increased. This means that the sustainable use level of cultivated land in Quzhou County basically presents a good trend. At present, the obstacle that is restricting the efficient use of cultivated land and sustainable development is water, which should be improved by some measures in the future. The results of this evaluation have important theoretical and practical significance for identifying the characteristics of changes in cultivated land use and for guiding future sustainable use in Quzhou County and other regions.

In the next twenty years, the scarcity of food shortage and drinking water will appear in Egypt due to the growth of industries and agriculture. This paper develops a conceptual design of the new technologies in the field of water&ndash:energy&ndash:food in new cities. Border lines are the internal relationship, external influence, and linkage system evaluation for WEF nexus. The major problems of using fossil energy in desalination are emissions and non-renewability, as well as the preference for dispersed freshwater production instead of concentrated output. The design of a desalination system that is integrated with renewable energies is critical these days. This type of system can also reduce the production of environmental pollutants due to reduced energy consumption and transfer of freshwater. GIS data from the United Nations have confirmed the existence of an underground reservoir in Wadi-Dara that can cultivate 1000 acres using smart farming techniques to reach a circular economy for an integrated solution between the water&ndash:energy nexus. The possibility of cultivating a hundred acres in Wadi-Dara on the Red Sea coast exists, through which about one million people could be settled. In this comprehensive review, we conducted a deep study in order to establish a sustainable integrated lifestyle in the Dara Valley region in terms of the availability of potable water, clean energy, and agriculture. Sustainable integrated solutions were conducted for seawater desalination using beach sand filtration wells as a pretreatment for seawater using renewable energy, e.g., wind energy (18% wind turbines), and photovoltaic panels (77% PV panels). Strategic food will be cultivated using smart farming that includes an open ponds cultivation system of microalgal cells to synthesis (5.0% of bio-fuel (. Aqua agriculture and aquaponics will cultivate marine culture and integrate mangrove, a shrimp aquaculture. A municipal waste water treatment is conceived for the irrigation of shrubby forests and landscapes. Mixotrophic cultures were explored to achieve a sustained ecological balance. Food, poultry and animal waste management, as well as a cooker factory, were included in the overall design. The environmental impact assessment (EIA) study shows a low risk due to anticipated net zero emissions, a 75% green city, and optimal waste recycling. This research assists in combining research efforts to address the challenging processes in nexus research and build resilient and sustainable water, energy, and food systems.

El desarrollo de la siguiente investigación se llevó a cabo durante el año 2022 en una empresa manufacturera de productos alimenticios y suplementos dietarios en polvo (producción seca), localizada en municipio de Guachené en el departamento de Cauca, Colombia desde la cual se produce y distribuye para la zona Andina y Mercosur. Para el alcance de los objetivos planteados en el proyecto, se realizaron revisiones bibliográficas, visitas de reconocimiento, levantamiento de información primaria y secundaria (bases de datos científicas, normatividad vigente, guías nacionales e internacionales de Producción Más Limpia - PML), aforos volumétricos, cálculos de consumos a partir de dotaciones con valores de referencia para Colombia, micromedición y por último determinación del balance de agua. Así mismo se realizaron encuestas de información, percepción y experiencia al personal involucrado. Por último, se adaptaron algunos criterios de una evaluación multicriterio para definir y recomendar algunas alternativas para el uso eficiente y ahorro de agua en el marco de una estrategia hacia PML. Para la empresa objeto de estudio, se encontró que el volumen de agua usado se encuentra principalmente asociado a las actividades de lavado de áreas y superficies (49%), seguido por el consumo de empleados durante el desarrollo de sus actividades laborales (27%), posteriormente se encontró al lavado de equipos (18%), mientras que las actividades del casino y las de riego de zonas verdes representaron un 4% y un 2% respectivamente. Del consumo asociado al lavado de áreas y superficies, se identificó que la de mayor demanda correspondió al lavado de cambio en las líneas de producción en el área blanca, principalmente por la línea de producción Mespack con un 36% del volumen total, determinando así para el estudio la línea crítica y foco en la cual se centraron los análisis de causas y oportunidades de mejora, las cuales se podrán replicar al resto de las líneas y áreas en la empresa. Estos resultados obtenidos fueron complementados con la encuesta a los actores involucrados, lo cual sirvió de base para la construcción de la evaluación multicriterio como apoyo para la selección de las actividades de mejora asociadas a una estrategia de PML, la cual incluye los componentes ambientales, social, económico y eficiencia. Obteniendo finalmente alternativas y oportunidades de mejora enfocadas en tres grupos principales: 1) Uso de equipos más eficientes para las actividades de lavado, limpieza y desinfección, 2) Adecuaciones o reformas en la infraestructura y reubicación de algunas áreas de producción y 3) Refuerzos y mejoramiento de los procesos de capacitación y entrenamiento del personal enfocados en PML. Estas se jerarquizaron de acuerdo con cuatro criterios fundamentales mencionados anteriormente; permitiendo así identificar cuáles son las soluciones con mayor viabilidad y más idóneas para la empresa dentro de las cuales se identificaron acciones de cambio y posibles soluciones en la gestión del uso del agua de manera participativa con los colaboradores de la empresa, enfocada hacia una producción más limpia. | Pregrado | INGENIERO(A) SANITARIA Y AMBIENTAL

International audience | Water use (WU) and greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe) are two main issues facing food systems. Still, they have rarely been studied together even though they are potentially conflicting because their levers for improvement are not necessarily the same. Data on food-related environmental pressures suggest that GHGe and WU can be improved jointly, but their potential conflicts and trade-offs have not been explored. This is what we studied here by a compromise programming approach, using multi-criteria non-linear optimization under a set of nutritional and epidemiological constraints. We used food consumption data of adults aged 18-64 years (n=1,456) from the French representative study INCA 3 (2014-2015) coupled with food environmental impact data from the Agribalyse ® database. A full range of scenarios was identified by prioritizing the two objectives differently, giving weight from 0% to 100%, by 5-% steps, to GHGe improvement over WU improvement.Overall, we showed that it is possible to achieve significant joint reductions in WU and GHGe relative to their observed values: across the prioritization scenarios, WU reduction ranged from -36% to -14% as its prioritization decreased, while GHGe reduction varied less, from -44 to -52% as its prioritization increased. These joint important reductions in GHGe and WU required the removal of meat consumption (beef, pork, poultry and processed meat), while the consumptions of offal and dairy products remained moderate in order to meet nutrient reference values. However, the consumption of some foods varied according to the priority given to WU over GHGe reductions (namely, vegetables, fruit juice, dairy products, eggs, refined cereal, substitutes, offal and potatoes). Fish, whole grains, and fruit remained more constant due to the epidemiological constraints used. Whatever the scenario, the modeled diets were more plant-based than the observed diet from which they differed significantly (only 23-31% of common food consumptions), and were therefore healthier (63-76% reduction in distance to theoretical minimum risk of chronic disease).To conclude, while focusing solely on WU reduction induces a joint GHGe reduction that is near-maximal, the reverse is not true, showing that there is good alignment but also some divergence between these objectives. This suggests that food systems WU should be better considered in dietary guidelines for healthy and sustainable diet.

[ES] La OMS ha declarado que la resistencia a los antimicrobianos es una de las 10 principales amenazas de salud pública a las que se enfrenta la humanidad. La presencia de bacterias resistentes a antibióticos es un problema de salud y seguridad mundial, cada año se identifican cada vez más bacterias resistentes a antibióticos presentes en alimentos, las cuales ofrecen una alta resistencia a los antibióticos de uso común en clínica. Es por ello, que el objetivo de nuestro trabajo pasa por identificar y evaluar la presencia de estas bacterias en distintas muestras de lodos, aguas residuales y aguas de las acequias de agua de riego anexas al Campus de Vera de la Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV). Para llevar a cabo los análisis en primer lugar se hará una determinación de la presencia de patógenos como Salmonella y la calidad higiénico-sanitaria de las aguas y lodos, mediante el recuento de coliformes y E. coli como organismo indicador de contaminación fecal. Seguidamente se procederá a aislar bacterias resistentes a antibióticos en medios selectivos con antibióticos betalactámicos y carbapenémicos y se identificarán mediante pruebas bioquímicos y moleculares en caso de no ser concluyentes los resultados. Posteriormente se realizarán los antibiogramas para evaluar la resistencia fenotípica y se procederá a detectar mediante PCR la presencia de determinados genes de resistencia. | [EN] The World Health Organization (WHO) has proclaimed that antimicrobial resistance constitutes one of the top ten major threats to global public health. The presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria poses a challenge to global health and security. Each year, an increasing number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria are identified in food, which exhibit a high level of resistance to antibiotics commonly used in clinical practice. In this study, bacterial strains from various sources were investigated, and their resistance to different antibiotic families was analyzed, in addition to exploring the existence of multidrug-resistant strains. Several multiplex PCR assays were conducted to detect resistance genes (to beta-lactam, carbapenem, or quinolone antibiotics) from extracted DNA of isolated strains as well as directly from samples. These assays revealed that samples with the highest prevalence of these genes corresponded to water from irrigation canals adjacent to the campus of Universitat Politècnica de València. Overall, this work highlights the presence of bacteria with antibiotic resistance in agricultural irrigation waters and in sludge used as fertilizers. This finding underscores the need to expand the scope of the research and to enhance the hygienic and sanitary measures implemented during the utilization of the studied sludge and water samples. | Fernandez De Peñaranda Alejandre, A. (2023). Estudio de la presencia de bacterias multi-resistentes en lodos y aguas de uso agrícola de la Comunidad Valenciana en el contexto de la seguridad alimentaria. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/197798

International audience | The Tunisian energy sector, heavily reliant on fossil fuels, faces challenges of increasing consumption and limited resources. Committed to the 2015 Paris Climate Agreement, Tunisia aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by expanding renewable energy projects, particularly through the Tunisian Solar Plan. The Massire project addresses policy barriers in the Kebili region, where solar panels are used for groundwater pumping. This paper uses a water-energy-ecosystems nexus approach and SWOT analysis to develop policies and regulations for sustainable solar irrigation investments, identifying current challenges and strategies for successful energy transition.