During a general malacological survey for freshwater gastropods in northern Patagonia, a population of Biomphalaria was encountered at Agua Escondida. Biomphalaria spp. are freshwater pulmonates of biomedical importance, uncommon in Mendoza Province, and often act as intermediate hosts for Schistosoma mansoni. By looking at both morphological and molecular characters, we describe a detailed process of identification and characterization of Biomphalaria peregrina from a location towards the extremity of its species range. A reference DNA ‘barcode’ is presented. As B. peregrina has been shown to be a permissive experimental host of S. mansoni, snails were also screened in the field for schistosomiasis and later in the laboratory using a novel polymerase chain reaction-based assay but no infections were found. Considering the transmission potential of this species, increased vigilance for intestinal schistosomiasis is recommended, especially if local environmental conditions become favourable for disease transmission, for example, through future climate change and intensification of irrigation.

Using three columns of different depths (1.10m, 8.40m and 10.40m), we investigated the possibility of Biomphalaria glabrata moving towards deep regions. In the 1.10m column, we noted that locomotion can occur in two manners: 1) when the foot is in contact with the substrate: a) sliding descent; b) sliding ascent; c) creeping descent; d) creeping ascent, 2) when the foot is not in contact with the substrate: a) sudden descent without emission of air bules; b) sudden descent with emission of air bules; c) sudden ascent. In the 8.40m column containing food on the bottom (experimental group), the snails remained longer at this depth when compared to those of the group which received no food (control). The sliding behavior was characteristic of locomotion occurring at 0 to 1m both in upward and downward directions. Creeping behavior was typical for the ascent of the snails that reached deeper levels. When the snails were creeping, the shell remained hanging as if it were heavier, a fact that may have been due to water entering the pulmonary chamber. In the 10.40m column, the snails slid downward to a depth of 4m or descended suddenly all the way to the bottom. Ascent occurred by creeping from the bottom to the surface. In the 8.40m and 10.40m columns, copulation, feeding and oviposition occurred at the deepest levels.<br>Investigamos a possibilidade de Biomphalaria glabrata deslocar-se para regiões profundas, em três colunas de diferentes profundidades (1,10 m, 8,40 m e 10,40 m). Na coluna de 1,10 m evidenciamos que os deslocamentos podem ser de duas maneiras: 1) Quando o pé está em contato com o substrato: (i) deslizar para baixo; (ii) deslizar para cima; (iii) arrastar para baixo; (iiii) arrastar para cima. 2) Quando o pé não está em contato com o substrato: (i) descida súbida sem saída de bolhas de ar; (ii) descida súbida com saída de bolhas de ar; (iii) subida súbita. Na coluna de 8,40 m em que havia alimento no fundo (grupo experimental) observamos que os caramujos permaneceram maior tempo nesta profundidade em relação ao grupo que não recebeu alimento (grupo de controle). Verificamos que o comportamento de deslizar é característico dos deslocamentos em torno de 0 a 1 m, tanto para subir como para descer. O comportamento de arrastar foi típico de subida dos caramujos que atingiram níveis mais profundos. Quando os caramujos arrastavam-se a concha ficava pendente como se estivesse mais pesada, o que pode estar relacionado à entrada de água na câmara pulmonar. Na coluna de 10,40m verificamos que os caramujos deslizavam para baixo até 4 m ou apresentavam descidas súbitas até o fundo. As subidas se davam pelo padrão comportamental denominado arrastar, do fundo até a superfície. Nas colunas de 8,40 e 10,40m verificamos cópula, alimentação e desova nos níveis mais profundos.