"Se analizó la utilización de aguajes por el borrego cimarrón en la Sierra Santa Isabel, Baja California, México durante la temporada de sequía de 2011 y 2013 y el periodo de lluvias e inicio de la temporada de sequía del 2015. Asimismo, se estudió la calidad del agua, con base en siete parámetros fisicoquímicos. Se obtuvieron 260 registros fotográficos de borregos cimarrones, donde hembras, añeros y corderos representaron el 73%. En el periodo de lluvias, en dos de los aguajes se obtuvieron valores de conductividad de 1.31 µS/cm2 y 1.92 µS/cm2, y de sólidos disueltos totales de l0.65 ppt y 0.95 ppt, indicando un bajo contenido de sales en el agua. Los valores de oxígeno disuelto mayores a 6.4 ppm, dureza del agua menor a 100 ppm y PH entre 6.5 y 8.5, sugieren que el agua tiene condiciones óptimas para ser bebida por los borregos cimarrones. Los aguajes con mayor utilización por los borregos fueron El Zamora (n = 120) y El Cordero (n = 67), donde se registraron las mejores condiciones de calidad de agua en este estudio. El mayor registro de hembras y añeros, asociado a condiciones óptimas de calidad del agua, confirman la importancia de los aguajes para la crianza y reclutamiento del borrego cimarrón." | "Water used by bighorn sheep during the 2011 and 2013 dry seasons and the rainy season and drought of 2015 in the Sierra Santa Isabel of the State of Baja California, Mexico was analyzed for seven physicochemical parameters. At four watering sites, 260 photographs of sheep were obtained. Females, yearlings, and lambs accounted for 73% of the photographs. In the rainy season at two watering sites, conductivity was 1.31 µS/cm2 and 1.92 µS/cm2 and total dissolved solids was 0.65 and 0.95 ppt, indicating low salt content and safe for bighorn sheep. The watering sites with greater use by bighorn sheep were El Zamora (n = 120) and El Cordero (n = 67), which also had the best water quality. The frequent use by females and yearlings of the two sites with optimal water quality support the belief that watering sites for lambing and recruitment of bighorn sheep is important."

This study focusses on the hydrogeology of Urema Graben, especially possible interactions between surface water and groundwater around Lake Urema, in Gorongosa National Park (GNP). Lake Urema is the only permanent water source for wildlife inside GNP, and there are concerns that it will disappear due to interferences in surface-water/groundwater interactions as a result of changes in the hydraulic environment. As the lake is the only permanent water source, this would be a disaster for the ecosystem of the park. The sub-surface geology in Urema Graben was investigated by 20 km of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and three magnetic resonance sounding (MRS) surveys. The average depth penetration was 60 and 100 m, respectively. The location of the ERT lines was decided based on general rift morphology and therefore orientated perpendicular to Urema Graben, from the transitional areas of the margins of the Barue platform in the west to the Cheringoma plateau escarpments in the east. ERT and MRS both indicate a second aquifer, where Urema Lake is a window of the first upper semi-confined aquifer, while the lower aquifer is confined by a clay layer 30–40 m thick. The location and depth of this aquifer suggest that it is probably linked to the Pungwe River which could be a main source of recharge during the dry season. If a dam or any other infra-structure is constructed in Pungwe River upstream of GNP, the groundwater level will decrease which could lead to drying out of Urema Lake.

CRESCIMENTO E TROCAS GASOSAS DO FEIJÃO CAUPI CV. BRS PUJANTE SOB NÍVEIS DE ÁGUA DISPONÍVEL NO SOLO E COBERTURA MORTA  TARSO MORENO ALVES DE SOUZA1; TÁSSIO ALMEIDA SOUZA1; LAUTER SILVA SOLTO2; FRANCISCO VANIES DA SILVA SÁ3; EMANOELA PEREIRA DE PAIVA4; MARCOS ERIC BARBOSA BRITO2 E EVANDRO FRANKLIN DE MESQUITA5 1Graduando em agrônomia, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal deCampina Grande, Pombal, PB. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]. Agrônomo, Doutor, Professor da Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal deCampina Grande, Pombal, PB. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] .3Engenheiro Agrônomo, Doutorando em Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande – UFCG, Centro Tecnologia e Recursos Naturais – CTRN, Campina Grande - PB, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] Eng. Agrônoma, Doutoranda em Fitotecnia, Departamento de Ciências Vegetais, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Mossoró, RN. E-mail: [email protected] Agrônomo, Doutor, Professor Adjunto, Centro de Ciências Humanas e Agrarias (CCHA), Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (UEPB), Catolé do Rocha, PB, e-mail: [email protected].  1 RESUMO O feijão-caupi é amplamente cultivado em regiões áridas e semiáridas, onde o déficit hídrico é um fator limitante à produção das culturas, sendo necessária adoção de práticas que melhorem o desempenho da cultura. Com isso, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de níveis de água disponível no solo com e sem cobertura morta sobre a superfície do solo, sob o crescimento e atividade fotossintética do feijão Caupi (Vigna unguiculata Walp.), cv. BRS Pujante. O trabalho foi desenvolvido no Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia Agroalimentar da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, usando-se um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com tratamentos arranjados em esquema fatorial, 5 x 2, correspondentes aos níveis de água disponível (AD) de 20; 40; 60; 80 e 100%, mantido após as irrigações do solo, em função da cobertura morta (CC) e sem cobertura (SC), e quatro repetições, totalizando as 40 unidades experimentais. Aos 45 dias as plantas de feijão caupi foram avaliadas quanto ao crescimento e trocas gasosas. O maior crescimento em número de folhas e área foliar da cultivar BRS Pujante ocorre em cultivos com água disponível no solo acima de 75%. A cobertura do solo reduziu os efeitos do estresse hídrico sob o crescimento das plantas. O mecanismo de tolerância das plantas da cultivar BRS Pujante está relacionado à redução do número de folhas e da área foliar e o aumento das trocas gasosas nas folhas restantes. As plantas de feijão Caupi cultivar BRS Pujante apresentam altos índices de eficiência do uso da água sob condições de baixa disponibilidade hídrica. Palavras-chave: semiárido, deficit hídrico, fisiologia.  SOUZA, T. M. A. de; SOUZA, T. A.; LAUTER SILVA SOLTO; SÁ, F. V. da S.; PAIVA, E. P. de; BRITO, M. E. B.2 E MESQUITA, E. F. deGROWTH AND GAS EXCHANGE OF COWPEA CV. BRS PUJANTE BEAN UNDER LEVELS OF AVAILABLE WATER IN THE SOIL AND MULCH2 ABSTRACT Cowpea is widely cultivated in arid and semiarid regions, where drought is a limiting factor to crop production, requiring the adoption of practices to improve the culture performance. In this context, the study was intended to assess  the effect of levels of available water in the soil with and without mulch on the soil surface, in the growth and photosynthetic activity of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata Walp.), cv. BRS Pujante bean. The study was conducted at the Centre for Science and Agrifood Technology of Federal University of Campina Grande, using a completely randomized design, with treatments arranged in a factorial scheme 5 x 2, corresponding to the levels of available water (AD) 20; 40; 60; 80 and 100%, maintained after soil irrigations, as function of mulch (CC) and without cover (SC) and four repetitions, totaling the 40 experimental units. After 45 days the cowpea plants were evaluated for growth and gas exchange. The highest growth in number of leaves and leaf area of BRS Pujante occurs in crops with water available in the soil above 75%. The soil cover reduced the effects of water stress on plant growth. The mechanism of tolerance of BRS Pujante plants is associated to the reduction of the number of leaves and leaf area and the increase of gas exchange in the remaining leaves. The cowpea cultivar BRS Pujante presents high levels of water use efficiency under conditions of low water availability. Keywords: semiarid, water deficit, physiology.

El biodiesel a partir de microalgas ha surgido como una fuente de energía renovable y una alternativa potencial a los carburantes fósiles. Por tal motivo, son numerosos los esfuerzos por encontrar soluciones a los cuellos de botella que limitan su viabilidad tecnoeconómica. Una opción para reducir los costos, ha sido la utilización de diferentes tipos de agua como medio de cultivo. Es así, como en este trabajo se propuso el uso de agua lluvia y agua de techos verdes para la producción de biodiesel. Con la finalidad de evaluar dicha propuesta, agua lluvia, agua proveniente de techos verdes y agua sintética fueron utilizadas como medios para cultivar Chlamydomonas sp. Las pruebas se realizaron a nivel de laboratorio, en reactores tipo plano diseñados en el presente estudio y en matraces, en ausencia de agitación y sin control de temperatura, luz y C02. Según el tipo de agua utilizado se encontraron diferencias en la cinética de crecimiento, en las productividades de la biomasa de los lípidos totales y en la composición de los ácidos grasos... | Biodiesel made from microalgae has emerged as a source of renewable energy and a potential alternative to fossil fuels. Much effort therefore has been made to find solutions to the techno-economical bottlenecks that have limited its feasibility. One option to reduce production costs is to test different types of water in the culture. Thus the present study used synthetic water rainwater and green roof runoff to grow Chlamydomonas sp. To produce biodiesel. The tests were performed Ii the laboratory, in flasks and using a flat reactor designed specifically for this investigation, without stirring and control of temperature, light and C02. Depending on the type of water differences were found in growth kinetics, biomass and lipid productivities, and fatty acid compositions... | Magíster en Ingeniería Ambiental | Maestría

The modernization of irrigated areas using collective networks and sprinkler irrigation greatly improves water use efficiency. However, investment costs are very high and energy consumption often dramatically increases. A comprehensive analysis was performed in an irrigated area including technical and economic considerations and the conservation of natural resources, by using the CINTEGRAL software tool. CINTEGRAL permits to analyze network and on-farm irrigation design taking into account the local agricultural circumstances (meteorology, soil, crops and costs). Different design and management strategies were considered and assessed to improve the economic margin of irrigated agriculture: on demand irrigation management, irrigation management in subareas and the division of the network into independents subnetworks. Simulation results showed a clear effect of irrigation design, management and meteorological variability on gross and net crop margins and on the electricity bill. CINTEGRAL permitted to identify and assess alternatives for improved use of water and energy.

En continuidad a los trabajos desarrollados en 2013 y 2014, se procede a la monitorización con teledetección de la superficie cultivada y evolución de su desarrollo vegetativo en la Zona Regable del Canal de Aragón y Cataluña en 2016. A partir de información extraída de imágenes del satélite Landsat 8 correspondientes al periodo 30 de marzo - 6 de septiembre de 2016 se consigue identificar los principales cultivos y otras ocupaciones de la Zona Regable, conocer su superficie y saber cómo se distribuyen espacialmente en la Zona Regable de la Comunidad General, en cada fielato y en cada comunidad de regantes. Así mismo, se obtiene información sobre la evolución del desarrollo vegetativo de los cultivos en las mencionadas demarcaciones a lo largo de 2016. Se comparan los resultados obtenidos con los de los años 2013 y 2014 y se analizan los cambios en cultivos, superficies y desarrollo acontecidos en estos tres años. | Convenio CITA-CGRCAYC | Unpublished

En este trabajo se explora el papel que las diatomeas tienen en relación a la determinación de la calidad del agua de los ríos, en el marco legislativo que determina la Directiva Marco del Agua (60/2000) y en la cuenca del Guadalquivir. Esta exploración se hace desde varios enfoques: El conocimiento de la flora diatomológica de la cuenca del Guadalquivir; El cálculo de índices bióticos. A este respecto se indaga sobre su idoneidad, sus fuentes de error y sus limitaciones. Se proporcionan pautas metodológicas; La capacidad de las diatomeas para indicar perturbaciones que pasan desapercibidas a los índices de calidad; La detección de asociaciones de especies características de ciertos ambientes y/o niveles de calidad.

II Jornadas de Viticultura de la SECH 3-4 de noviembre 2016

El comportamiento del agua de una zona no urbanizada a una zona urbanizada es diferente, debido a la intervención del hombre al momento en el que se construye un asentamiento urbano, genera un impacto negativo en las variables del ciclo del agua como la escorrentía, precipitación, etc., añadido a ello se agregan componentes al ciclo natural del agua como la captación, tratamiento, sistema de distribución, convirtiéndolo en un ciclo urbano del agua. Frente a esto se observa la necesidad de estudiar el comportamiento del agua dentro de este nuevo ciclo que se forma. Para poder ser estudiado se decide realizar una simulación del ciclo urbano del agua con el programa UVQ, el cual nos permite realizar la simulación. Esta se realizara para un sector de la ciudad de Bogotá que es la UPZ 62 “Tunjuelito”, esta zona es escogida debido a que tiene los diversos usos de suelo que se tiene en la ciudad y de esta forma se busca, conocer el comportamiento del agua dentro de ella. Para finalizar se realizan propuestas para la gestión del recurso hídrico llamados escenarios, donde se permite analizar dentro del ciclo urbano del agua cual serían las diferencias de consumo, eficiencias de remoción de contaminantes y cambios en otras variables según el tipo de tecnología y tratamiento que se esté aplicando. | The behavior of the water from a rural area to an urban area is different, due to the intervention of man at the time an urban settlement, was built in which generates a negative impact in the variables of the cycle of the water as runoff, precipitation, etc., added to it components are added to the natural cycle of water as the catchment, treatment distribution system into a urban water cycle. Against this there is need to study the behavior of water within this new cycle that forms. To be able to be studied was decided to perform a simulation of the urban water cycle, with the uvq virtual learning program which allows us to perform the simulation. This will be for a sector in the city of Bogota which is the UPZ 62 "Tunjuelito", this area is chosen since it has different uses of soil which is in the city and thus seeks to, know the behavior of the water within it. Finally there are proposals for the management of the allegations water named scenario, where is allowed to scan inside the urban water cycle which would be the differences in consumption, pollutant removal efficiencies and changes in other variables according to the type of treatment that is this by applying. | Ingeniero Ambiental | Pregrado