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Planting Systems for Modern Olive Growing: Strengths and Weaknesses Texto completo
2021
Riccardo Lo Bianco | Primo Proietti | Luca Regni | Tiziano Caruso
Planting Systems for Modern Olive Growing: Strengths and Weaknesses Texto completo
2021
Riccardo Lo Bianco | Primo Proietti | Luca Regni | Tiziano Caruso
The objective of fully mechanizing olive harvesting has been pursued since the 1970s to cope with labor shortages and increasing production costs. Only in the last twenty years, after adopting super-intensive planting systems and developing appropriate straddle machines, a solution seems to have been found. The spread of super-intensive plantings, however, raises serious environmental and social concerns, mainly because of the small number of cultivars that are currently used (basically 2), compared to over 100 cultivars today cultivated on a large scale across the world. Olive growing, indeed, insists on over 11 million hectares. Despite its being located mostly in the Mediterranean countries, the numerous olive growing districts are characterized by deep differences in climate and soil and in the frequency and nature of environmental stress. To date, the olive has coped with biotic and abiotic stress thanks to the great cultivar diversity. Pending that new technologies supporting plant breeding will provide a wider number of cultivars suitable for super-intensive systems, in the short term, new growing models must be developed. New olive orchards will need to exploit cultivars currently present in various olive-growing areas and favor increasing productions that are environmentally, socially, and economically sustainable. As in fruit growing, we should focus on “pedestrian olive orchards”, based on trees with small canopies and whose top can be easily reached by people from the ground and by machines (from the side of the top) that can carry out, in a targeted way, pesticide treatments, pruning and harvesting.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Planting Systems for Modern Olive Growing: Strengths and Weaknesses Texto completo
2021
Lo Bianco, Riccardo | Proietti, Primo | Regni, Luca | Caruso, Tiziano
The objective of fully mechanizing olive harvesting has been pursued since the 1970s to cope with labor shortages and increasing production costs. Only in the last twenty years, after adopting super-intensive planting systems and developing appropriate straddle machines, a solution seems to have been found. The spread of super-intensive plantings, however, raises serious environmental and social concerns, mainly because of the small number of cultivars that are currently used (basically 2), compared to over 100 cultivars today cultivated on a large scale across the world. Olive growing, indeed, insists on over 11 million hectares. Despite its being located mostly in the Mediterranean countries, the numerous olive growing districts are characterized by deep differences in climate and soil and in the frequency and nature of environmental stress. To date, the olive has coped with biotic and abiotic stress thanks to the great cultivar diversity. Pending that new technologies supporting plant breeding will provide a wider number of cultivars suitable for super-intensive systems, in the short term, new growing models must be developed. New olive orchards will need to exploit cultivars currently present in various olive-growing areas and favor increasing productions that are environmentally, socially, and economically sustainable. As in fruit growing, we should focus on “pedestrian olive orchards”, based on trees with small canopies and whose top can be easily reached by people from the ground and by machines (from the side of the top) that can carry out, in a targeted way, pesticide treatments, pruning and harvesting.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]1 million trees (and growing) to electrify Yangambi Texto completo
2021
Center for International Forestry Research
Since 2018, CIFOR-ICRAF and its partners are promoting forest landscape restoration in Yangambi. Their goal is to bring degraded land back to productivity to create green jobs, reactivate the local economy, enrich soils, and increase energy supply.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Forage growing offers multiple possibilities for income generation and job creation
2021
Ohmstedt, Uwe
Different activities directly related to forage growing offer possibilities for income generation. Forage growing and feeding to the cows is significantly changing the dairy farms situation. It is improving the cows diet, the health status, the milk yield and such directly the profitability of the dairy farms. Feeding accounts for up to 70% of diary production costs which can be reduced by producing high value forage on farm. Forage growing for commercial purposes, being sold as fresh matter or as hay creates possibilities for farmers, even if the do not have the means or the willingness to go themselves into dairy production. Service provision as seedling producers or for silage making are other ways to profit from forage growing.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Growing degree days for rice and wheat in Ludhiana region Texto completo
2021
B. GOSWAMI | G. S. MAHI | S. S. HUNDAL | UDAY S. SAIKIA
Identifying the most suitable growing medium and fertilizer combination for the growing stage of Anthurium andraeanum ‘Lady-Jane-Lalani’ Texto completo
2021
Warigajeshta, W.M.D.N. | Anjali, Y.M.U. | Krishnarajah, S.A.
The effect of growing media and fertilizer on the ‘Lady Jane’ type Anthurium andraeanum cv. ‘Lalani’ was evaluated under net house conditions. Five different potting media with various combinations of coconut husk pieces, brick pieces, compost, cattle manure, sand and charcoal were used in the first experiment. Plants grown on a medium of coconut husk pieces only were used to test 4 different fertilizer combinations in the second experiment. Various combinations of water soluble, powder form, slow release and liquid fertilizers at different N:P:K ratios were tested. Results indicated that plants grown on a media of coconut pieces only showed the best performance for plant height, number of leaves and length of leaf petiole. The growing media consisting of Compost +Cattle manure + Sand (2:1:1/2), was best for initiation of new shoots. The fertilizer combination of water soluble fertilizer (N:P:K 20:20:20) + 5g of slow release granule fertilizer (N:P:K 14:14:14) + Albert's solution was best for all measured growth parameters. Thus coconut husk pieces supplemented with water soluble fertilizer (N:P:K 20:20:20) + 5g slow release granule fertilizer (N:P:K 14:14:14) + Albert's solution is recommended as the most suitable media and fertilizer combination for the growing stage of Anthurium andraeanum cv. ‘Lalani’ under local climatic conditions in net house with 70% shade.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Report on innovative, effective and environmentally sustainable materials for growing media Texto completo
2021
Cocozza, Claudia | Andivia, Enrique | Bilir, Nebi | Bohlenius, Henrik | Cvjetković, Branislav | Dūmiņš, Kārlis | Heiskanen, Juha | Ivanov, Georgi | Ivetić, Vladan | Kerkez, Janković Ivona | Mariotti, Barbara | Montagnoli, Antonio | Oliet, Juan A | Sundheim Fløistad, Inger | Tsakaldimi, Marianthi | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0549-835X | 4100110310 | Luonnonvarakeskus
Comparison of performance and carcass composition of a novel slow-growing crossbred broiler with fast-growing broiler for chicken meat in Australia Texto completo
2021
M. Singh | A.J. Lim | W.I. Muir | P.J. Groves
Comparison of performance and carcass composition of a novel slow-growing crossbred broiler with fast-growing broiler for chicken meat in Australia Texto completo
2021
M. Singh | A.J. Lim | W.I. Muir | P.J. Groves
Slow-growing broilers offer differentiation in the chicken meat market for consumers who have distinct preferences based on perceived higher welfare indices and willingness to pay a higher price for the product. Although breeding for slow-growing broilers is relatively advanced in Europe and the United States, it is limited in Australia. Crossbreeding is one of the approaches taken to developing slow-growing broiler strains. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare performance, immune response, leg health, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of a novel crossbred slow-growing broiler breed (SGB) with the conventional, fast-growing Cobb 500 broiler (CB) to assess their suitability as an alternative for chicken meat production in Australia. A total of 236 one-day-old broiler chicks (116 SGB and 120 fast-growing CB) were reared on standard commercial diet in an intensive production system. Birds and feed were weighed on a weekly basis and feed intake and feed conversion ratio calculated. At 21 d of age, a 2% suspension of sheep red blood cells was injected subcutaneously into 8 broilers of each breed to compare their antibody response. Birds from both breeds were grown to a final live weight of 2.0–2.2 kg, before a latency-to-lie (LTL) test, carcass analysis and apparent metabolizable energy (AME) assay were performed. The SGB reached the target weight at 55 d of age compared with 32 d in CB. However, SGB stood for longer during LTL, had higher thigh, drumstick, and wing yields (as a percentage of carcass weight) as well as darker and redder meat in comparison with the CB. The CB had better feed conversion efficiency, higher antibody (IgM) production, higher AME, heavier breast yield, and lower meat drip loss than the SGB. Although fast-growing CB outperformed the SGB for traditional performance parameters, the crossbred in this study was comparable with other slow-growing broiler breeds and strains across different countries and is thus a suitable candidate for a slow-growing alternative in Australia.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Comparison of performance and carcass composition of a novel slow-growing crossbred broiler with fast-growing broiler for chicken meat in Australia Texto completo
2021
Singh, M. | Lim, A.J. | Muir, W.I. | Groves, P.J.
Slow-growing broilers offer differentiation in the chicken meat market for consumers who have distinct preferences based on perceived higher welfare indices and willingness to pay a higher price for the product. Although breeding for slow-growing broilers is relatively advanced in Europe and the United States, it is limited in Australia. Crossbreeding is one of the approaches taken to developing slow-growing broiler strains. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare performance, immune response, leg health, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of a novel crossbred slow-growing broiler breed (SGB) with the conventional, fast-growing Cobb 500 broiler (CB) to assess their suitability as an alternative for chicken meat production in Australia. A total of 236 one-day-old broiler chicks (116 SGB and 120 fast-growing CB) were reared on standard commercial diet in an intensive production system. Birds and feed were weighed on a weekly basis and feed intake and feed conversion ratio calculated. At 21 d of age, a 2% suspension of sheep red blood cells was injected subcutaneously into 8 broilers of each breed to compare their antibody response. Birds from both breeds were grown to a final live weight of 2.0–2.2 kg, before a latency-to-lie (LTL) test, carcass analysis and apparent metabolizable energy (AME) assay were performed. The SGB reached the target weight at 55 d of age compared with 32 d in CB. However, SGB stood for longer during LTL, had higher thigh, drumstick, and wing yields (as a percentage of carcass weight) as well as darker and redder meat in comparison with the CB. The CB had better feed conversion efficiency, higher antibody (IgM) production, higher AME, heavier breast yield, and lower meat drip loss than the SGB. Although fast-growing CB outperformed the SGB for traditional performance parameters, the crossbred in this study was comparable with other slow-growing broiler breeds and strains across different countries and is thus a suitable candidate for a slow-growing alternative in Australia.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]House planted
2021
Muñoz, Lisa
"Green up your living space with this bright, fresh, stylish introduction to choosing, caring for, and designing with houseplants"--
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