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Effect of physical energy on germination and seedling vigor of alfalfa seeds (Medicago sativa L.) Texto completo
2024
Ali Hajizadeh Namin | Abbas Akbarnia | Rouzbeh Abbaszadeh | Ali Zenouzi | Majid Masoumian
Recently, non-thermal technologies have emerged as a means to ensure the safety of agricultural products while also promoting plant growth and reducing pathogenic and chemical contamination of seeds. An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of various treatments on the germination characteristics of alfalfa seeds. The experiment utilised a completely randomised design with five treatments and three replications, including cold plasma exposure, direct current (DC) electromagnetic field, magnetic field, and a combination of plasma exposure with magnetic and electromagnetic fields. The treated seeds were compared to the control seeds (without exposure) in terms of seedling length, germination rate index (GRI), vigor index, and seed germination. The results indicated that cold plasma treatment and a combination of plasma and magnetic field treatment significantly increased the germination rate compared to the control and other treatments. Furthermore, the combined treatment of plasma and electromagnetic fields, as well as the individual treatment with magnetic fields, resulted in a significant increase in root length and, consequently, the allometric coefficient. Non-thermal technologies are a promising approach to enhancing seed performance, particularly in terms of the rate of germination and seedling length.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]High-Vigor Seeds Associated with Seed Hardness and Water Absorption Rate in Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) Texto completo
2022
Zhenan Li | Tianyu Zhang | Minyi Zhu | Chengyong Li | Bin Li | Xiujuan Lu | Jianhua Wang | Liangquan Jia | Hengnian Qi | Xiaomin Wang | Guangwu Zhao
High-Vigor Seeds Associated with Seed Hardness and Water Absorption Rate in Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) Texto completo
2022
Zhenan Li | Tianyu Zhang | Minyi Zhu | Chengyong Li | Bin Li | Xiujuan Lu | Jianhua Wang | Liangquan Jia | Hengnian Qi | Xiaomin Wang | Guangwu Zhao
Seed physical properties are stable and visualized, and believed to be reference indicators for screening high-vigor seeds. However, the detailed relationship between seed vigor and its physical properties is not fully understood in rice. To elucidate the relationship mentioned above, seed physical properties such as seed size, hardness, and water absorption rate, and seed vigor indicators including germination rate, salt-stressed germination rate, and drought-stressed germination rate were determined among different rice cultivars. Significant differences in seed vigor indicators and seed physical properties were recorded among different rice cultivars. Germination rate, salt-stressed germination rate, drought-stressed germination rate, seed hardness, and water absorption rate ranged from 32.0 ± 1.7% to 99.7 ± 0.3%, 14.4 ± 2.4% to 99.7 ± 0.3%, 3.3 ± 2.6% to 95.7 ± 2.1%, 69.15 ± 0.15 N to 74.56 ± 0.14 N, and 0.09 ± 0.00 g/h to 0.12 ± 0.00 g/h, respectively. Additionally, correlation analysis showed that seed hardness and water absorption rate were significantly positively related to seed vigor (<i>r</i> = 0.33 **−0.41 **, from 2014 to 2016; <i>r</i> = 0.45 **−0.65 **, in 2021). Moreover, principal component analysis determined that the first principal component explained 91.4%, 90.1%, and 89.9% of the variance of seed physical properties, respectively, and loaded on seed hardness and water absorption rate. These results indicate that seed hardness and water absorption rate can be recommended as efficient indicators for screening rice seeds with high vigor.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]High-Vigor Seeds Associated with Seed Hardness and Water Absorption Rate in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Texto completo
Zhenan Li; Tianyu Zhang; Minyi Zhu; Chengyong Li; Bin Li; Xiujuan Lu; Jianhua Wang; Liangquan Jia; Hengnian Qi; Xiaomin Wang; Guangwu Zhao
Seed physical properties are stable and visualized, and believed to be reference indicators for screening high-vigor seeds. However, the detailed relationship between seed vigor and its physical properties is not fully understood in rice. To elucidate the relationship mentioned above, seed physical properties such as seed size, hardness, and water absorption rate, and seed vigor indicators including germination rate, salt-stressed germination rate, and drought-stressed germination rate were determined among different rice cultivars. Significant differences in seed vigor indicators and seed physical properties were recorded among different rice cultivars. Germination rate, salt-stressed germination rate, drought-stressed germination rate, seed hardness, and water absorption rate ranged from 32.0 ±: 1.7% to 99.7 ±: 0.3%, 14.4 ±: 2.4% to 99.7 ±: 0.3%, 3.3 ±: 2.6% to 95.7 ±: 2.1%, 69.15 ±: 0.15 N to 74.56 ±: 0.14 N, and 0.09 ±: 0.00 g/h to 0.12 ±: 0.00 g/h, respectively. Additionally, correlation analysis showed that seed hardness and water absorption rate were significantly positively related to seed vigor (r = 0.33 **&minus:0.41 **, from 2014 to 2016: r = 0.45 **&minus:0.65 **, in 2021). Moreover, principal component analysis determined that the first principal component explained 91.4%, 90.1%, and 89.9% of the variance of seed physical properties, respectively, and loaded on seed hardness and water absorption rate. These results indicate that seed hardness and water absorption rate can be recommended as efficient indicators for screening rice seeds with high vigor.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Physical and physiological indicators of the quality of soursop seeds (Annona muricata L.) Texto completo
Espitia-Flores, Claudia B. | Cruz-Gutiérrez, Esmeralda J. | Pichardo-González, Juan M. | Ramírez-Vega, Humberto | Gómez-Rodríguez, Víctor M.
Objective: The present study aimed to carry out the analysis of the physical and physiological quality of soursop seeds, since there is very little information on the subject. Design/Methodology/Approach: The material was collected at physiological maturity. The seeds were extracted from fruits in commercial maturity. They were subjected to a physical and physiological quality analysis: physical purity, humidity content of the seed, weight of 1000 seeds, integrity test of the seed with the X-ray equipment, evaluation of germination and the evaluation of viability by the tetrazolium method. A completely randomized experimental design was used in all the physical quality variables and tetrazolium tests. Other hand, a completely randomized factorial design (37) was used in the germination evaluation. Results: The viability results obtained by the tetrazolium method showed over 59% viable seeds, while in the germination test with the germinative pretreatments only 11.33% germination was obtained in the seeds from which the cover was removed. Findings/ Conclusions: Therefore, it was concluded that the moment of obtaining the plant material is important for its germination.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Determination of weed seed bank in the soil by physical extraction and germination method | Određivanje sadržaja sjemena korova u zemljištu metodom fizičke ekstrakcije i metodom naklijavanja
2011
Vučković, B., Poljoprivredni fakultet, Banja Luka (Bosnia and Herzegovina) | Kovačević, Z., Poljoprivredni fakultet, Banja Luka (Bosnia and Herzegovina) | Vrbničanin, S., Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd - Zemun (Serbia) | Janjić, V., Poljoprivredni fakultet, Banja Luka (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
The paper reviews the presence of weed seeds in the soil by using two methods, physical extraction and germination method. Soil sample, under maize field, were taken from three locations: Dragočaj, Hrvaćani I and Hrvaćani II, in the spring of 2010 and 2011 at a depth of 0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm. By physical extraction, on all three locations, it was determine 44 weed species and by germination method 13 weed species. The highest number of weeds, by both methods, was determine during 2011 on site Hrvaćani II, at the depth of 10-20 cm. By physical extraction it was determine 38438 seeds/square meter and by germination method 14688 plants/square meter. Method of physical extraction, for all ascertained weed species, has showed a higher efficiency in determining of weed content in the soil in relation to the germination method.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Effect of temperature and scarification on seed germination of Conanthera spp. (Tecophilaeaceae) Texto completo
2019
Cuadra,Carlos De la | Vidal,Alexis K. | Lagomarsino,Felipe | Peñaloza,Patricia | Mansur,Leví M. | Huenchuleo,Carlos
ABSTRACT The Chilean endemic genus Conanthera is comprised of five species of herbaceous cormous geophytes. They have ornamental value due to their bell-shaped flowers, which are blue, violet or white. Previous germination studies of Conanthera campanulata and Conanthera trimaculata were carried out at 22 °C, and manual mechanical scarification improved germination. Based on these results, it was suggested that physical dormancy is present in the non-scarified seeds. However, an improvement in germination after scarification is not enough evidence to conclude that the seed is non-permeable to water and thus has physical dormancy. The objective of the present study was to assess the testa water permeability via an imbibition test and to identify the optimum germination temperature in C. campanulata and C. trimaculata. Using 6-mo-old seeds, data from the imbibition tests showed that neither the seeds of C. campanulata nor C. trimaculata have physical dormancy. In the germination experiments, the temperature range for achieving high germination percentages was 10 to 15 °C, where germination reached 90% in less than 28 d. Temperature of 20 °C can be considered supra-optimal, while 5 and 25 °C inhibited germination. Manual mechanical scarification did not affect germination results at the range of 10 to 15 °C. However, at the supra-optimal temperature of 20 °C manual mechanical scarification increased germination, although levels were never higher than 25%.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Pre-treatment Condition for Inhibiting of Germination in Cotton Seeds
2013
Kim, J.Y., Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Kwon, H., Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Lee, Y.H., Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Hong, S.H., Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Son, Y.S., Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Kim, W., Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
This research study was to develop methods for inhibiting the germination of cotton seeds. Germination rates after heating treatment at 80℃ with 10, 20, 30, 40 min. were 9.3, 9.3, 5.3 and 1.3 percentage, respectively. Heat treatment over 85℃ with 10 min. caused no germination of cotton seeds. Germination was significantly reduced with gamma rays treatment more than 10,000 gy, while the treatment within 2,000-8,000 gy induced less effects. Microwave processing for 30 seconds and 60 seconds inhibit the germination of cotton seed under 8 and 0%, respectively. As a physical treatment, rollmill milling with 1.5, 2, 2.5 mm gap inhibited any germination of cotton seeds. The optimum gap of roll-mill for processing physical cracking was below 51% of the thickness of seed.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]What is the cause of low seed germination of Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam.? Texto completo
2022
Bruno Jan Schramm Corrêa | Luciana Magda de Oliveira | Alexandra Cristina Schatz Sá | Laís da Rosa Delfes | Anieli Cioato de Souza | Fábio Antônio Antonelo
What is the cause of low seed germination of Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam.? Texto completo
2022
Bruno Jan Schramm Corrêa | Luciana Magda de Oliveira | Alexandra Cristina Schatz Sá | Laís da Rosa Delfes | Anieli Cioato de Souza | Fábio Antônio Antonelo
ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the main causes of low germination of Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam. (Rutaceae) seeds. Initially, the physical and physiological qualities were evaluated in seeds from four areas (lots) (Step I). Then, tests were performed (Step II) to determine physical dormancy (imbibition in water and methylene blue), physiological (germination test with scarification) and morphological (analysis of the embryo), in addition to histochemical analysis and (Step III) bioassay in aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts. In Step I, a low germination was observed in all evaluated lots (≤ 1.0%); however, in the tetrazolium test, a high viability was verified for the Dois Vizinhos lot (88%). The lots showed differences in their physical aspects, with the predominance of seeds with damage. In Stage II, developed embryos were verified and there has no germination without the tegument. The methylene blue and histochemical test indicated the presence of an impermeable and thick tegmen. The bioessays with hydroalcoholic extracts indicated the presence of germination inhibitor(s). The main causes associated with low germination of Z. rhoifolium seeds are attributed to the combined dormancy due to an impermeable tegmen and some non-specific physiological dormancy, as well as the presence of damaged seeds. The seeds also contain germination inhibitors.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]What is the cause of low seed germination of Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam.? Texto completo
2022
Corrêa,Bruno Jan Schramm | Oliveira,Luciana Magda de | Sá,Alexandra Cristina Schatz | Delfes,Laís da Rosa | Souza,Anieli Cioato de | Antonelo,Fábio Antônio
ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the main causes of low germination of Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam. (Rutaceae) seeds. Initially, the physical and physiological qualities were evaluated in seeds from four areas (lots) (Step I). Then, tests were performed (Step II) to determine physical dormancy (imbibition in water and methylene blue), physiological (germination test with scarification) and morphological (analysis of the embryo), in addition to histochemical analysis and (Step III) bioassay in aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts. In Step I, a low germination was observed in all evaluated lots (≤ 1.0%); however, in the tetrazolium test, a high viability was verified for the Dois Vizinhos lot (88%). The lots showed differences in their physical aspects, with the predominance of seeds with damage. In Stage II, developed embryos were verified and there has no germination without the tegument. The methylene blue and histochemical test indicated the presence of an impermeable and thick tegmen. The bioessays with hydroalcoholic extracts indicated the presence of germination inhibitor(s). The main causes associated with low germination of Z. rhoifolium seeds are attributed to the combined dormancy due to an impermeable tegmen and some non-specific physiological dormancy, as well as the presence of damaged seeds. The seeds also contain germination inhibitors.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Germination pretreatments to break hard-seed dormancy in Astragalus cicer L. (Fabaceae) Texto completo
2016
Joseph M. Statwick
Conservationists often propagate rare species to improve their long-term population viability. However, seed dormancy can make propagation efforts challenging by substantially lowering seed germination. Here I statistically compare several pretreatment options for seeds of Astragalus cicer L.: unscarified controls and scarification via physical damage, hot water, acid, and hydrogen peroxide. Although only 30% of unscarified seeds germinated, just physical scarification significantly improved germination, whereas one treatment, hot water, resulted in no germination at all. I recommend that rare species of Astragalus, as well as other hard-seeded legumes, be pretreated using physical scarification. Other methods may require considerable optimization, wasting precious time and seeds.
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