The main idea of this paper is to review and present the scientific papers in which inverse approach was used. For this purpose, the number of publications, references, etc., in ten relevant journals (Journal of Food Engineering, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Inverse Problems in Science and Engineering, International Journal of Food Properties, Computers & Mathematics with Applications, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, Drying Technology: An International Journal, International Journal of Food Science & Technology, Journal of Engineering Physics and Thermophysics, LWT - Food Science and Technology) were studied. In order to obtain clear picture of what is realistic to expect from the scientific investigation in this field in the near future and where future research should be focused, some statistical analysis were made. From the performed statistical analysis it was concluded that more investigations are needed for determination of the thermopysical and engineering characteristics of food materials.

The editors of the Journal of Marine Science and Engineering would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2013. [...]

The editors of the Journal of Marine Science and Engineering would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2013. [...]

A bibliometric analysis based on the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-Expanded) from the Web of Science was carried out to provide insights into research activities and tendencies of the global risk of engineering nanomaterials (ENMs) from 1999 to 2012. The number of publications per year has increased steadily since approximately 2006. The USA produced 41.9% of all pertinent articles followed by China with 14.8% and UK with 9.1%. Environmental Science & Technology, Toxicology, and Journal of Nanoparticle Research were the three most common journals in this field. A synthesized analysis by co-citation and words from author keywords provided the clues to discover the current research emphases. The mainstream research related to risk of ENMs was toxicological effects and ecological risk. Toxicity effect strongly promoted the development of related research in the past 14years. Research on environmental behavior and ecological risk of ENMs is the fast growing field.

We evaluated soil contamination research based on a bibliometric analysis of 14,090 articles published in journals in the Science Citation Index and Social Sciences Citation Index bibliographic databases from 1999 to 2012, which revealed scientific outputs, subject categories and major journals, international collaboration and geographic distribution of authors and countries, keywords, and hot issues. The results suggested that research on soil contamination developed well with increasing scientific production and research collaboration. Environmental science, engineering environment, soil science, and applied microbiology were the most frequently used subject categories in soil contamination studies. Chemosphere was the most active journal in this field. The clusters of authors were more in the USA, Western European countries, China, Japan, and India. Q. X. Zhou of Nankai University was the most productive author, and S. P. Mcgrath of Rothamsted Research England published the most influential articles. The USA exceeded all other countries with the most independent and collaborative papers in research on global soil contamination. Heavy metal pollution was the hottest issue, and bioremediation is the most promising research topic in combating against heavy metal pollution of soils. The status of publication on soil contamination research described here is significant for researchers on soil contamination in their future work.

Hydrology is the basic science for water engineering, including a wide list of research topics ranging from atmospheric water and surface hydrology to groundwater hydraulics. To initiate the new publication period of the journal Ingeniería del Agua, we present here a brief review paper where the current state of research in many hydrologic fields is discussed. The aim of the paper is not to present a complete picture of current state-of-the-art research topics, but rather to provide a broad overview and stimulate new and innovative publication of Hydrology papers in the journal Ingeniería del Agua. | La Hidrología es una ciencia esencial en Ingeniería del Agua, la cual abarca un amplio abanico de temas de investigación que engloban los diversos estadios del agua en el ciclo Hidrológico, tanto en atmósfera, superficie y suelo. Con motivo del relanzamiento de la revista Ingeniería del Agua se presenta un breve artículo de carácter introductorio en el que se muestran algunas de la líneas de investigación actuales en Hidrología, dedicadas a lluvia, interceptación de agua por la vegetación, sensores en Hidrología, agua subterránea, entre otras. Dicha revisión no pretende ser exhaustiva, dado el tamaño limitado de este formato de publicación, sino motivar la publicación en Ingeniería del Agua de artículos dentro de la temática Hidrología.

This Special Volume of the Journal of Cleaner Production focuses on “water Efficient Processes”. It highlights the issues of a global challenge to use water resources more efficiently and more effectively in various fields of human activity. For the process industry the new paradigm of profitable cleaner production means the adoption of complex strategies that are build upon the most advanced developments in several areas of science and technology: chemistry, physics, engineering, ecology and economics, which can and do provide essential contributions to better and cleaner production processes. Because of the sheer size of the problems involved, some issues of special relevance call for intensified efforts. The most significant topics are dealt with eleven contributors from ten countries in Europe, Asia and South America. In the first part of this paper, selected themes concerning the most pressing environmental challenges are reviewed, with particular attention to environmental remediation, pollution control and water decontamination. The second part, where the selected papers are presented and discussed, within the spirit of the making improvements in water resource management. Several novel technical solutions in terms of materials, processes and software are proposed and designed to achieve pollution prevention orientated methodologies with beneficial real-world applications.

The light and temperature come at the beginning of the climatic factors that have an impact on the development of grapevine. Light and temperature have a direct impact on photosynthesis, respiration, assimilation, transpration, formation of color pigments, shading, berry set, acidity, productivity, shoot growth, blooming, soluble solid accummulation and maturation on the grapevine. Temperature is one of the most important parameters that determines whether viticulture can be made or not in an ecology. Temperature is driving several physiological processes such as bud burst, flowering, berry set, colorization, photosynthesis, respiration, sugar accimilation and ripening. In particular, in order to carry out maximum photosynthesis of vine should be sufficient sunshine in the vegetation period. On condition that carbon dioxide and other factors not be limitting, the light increases the photosynthesis up to a certain point. Not only the limited amount of the light, but also the excess of light intensity may have an adverse impact on the development of the plant. While low light causes poor development in the shoots, high light intensity prevents the photosynthesis as a result of chlorophyll degradation. In the vineyards to ensure the highest level of sunshine should be attention to the selection of appropriate training systems and canopy management | Asmanın gelişimi üzerine etkili iklim faktörlerinin başında ışık ve sıcaklık gelmektedir. Işık ve sıcaklık asmada fotosentez, solunum, asimilasyon, transpirasyon, renk pigmentlerinin oluşumu, gölgelenme, tane tutumu, asitlik, verimlilik, çiçeklenme, suda çözünebilir kuru madde birikimi, sürgün gelişimi ve olgunluk üzerine doğrudan etki etmektedir. Sıcaklık bir bölgede ekonomik anlamda bağcılık yapılıp yapılamayacağını belirleyen en önemli parametrelerden biridir. Sıcaklık; asmada gözlerin uyanması, çiçeklenme, tane tutumu, renklenme, fotosentez, solunum, tanede şeker birikimi ve olgunlaşma gibi birçok fizyolojik olayı yönetmektedir. Işık, fotosentez başta olmak üzere pek çok fizyolojik ve kimyasal olayların gerçekleşmesinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Özellikle asmanın maksimum düzeyde fotosentez yapabilmesi için vejetasyon döneminde yeterli bir güneşlenme şarttır. Işık, karbondioksit (CO2) ve öteki etmenler sınırlayıcı olmamak şartıyla fotosentezi bir noktaya kadar arttırmaktadır. Işık miktarının azlığı kadar yüksekliği de, bitkinin gelişimi üzerine olumsuz etkide bulunabilmektedir. Düşük ışık sürgünlerde cılız gelişmeye neden olurken, yüksek ışık yoğunluğu klorofil yıkımı sonucu fotosentezi engellemektedir. Bağlarda en üst düzeyde güneşlenmeyi sağlayabilmek için uygun terbiye sistemi seçimine ve sürgün sıklığının ayarlanmasına dikkat edilmelidir.

This research, was carried out to determine the performance of some sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) lines/genotype (15) and Arslanbey, Özberk-82, Muganlı-57, Gölmarmara and Baydar-2001 standard varieties in the Southeastern Anatolia Region. The studies were conducted at two locations (GAP Agricultural Research Institute-Gündaş Research Station and Talat Demirören Research Station) during the growing season in 2010 (13 lines/genotype) and 2011 (15 lines/genotype). Trials randomized complete block design as three replications. Plots length were 6 m, each plot formed 4 rows, row spacing was 70 cm and row distance was 15 cm. In the experiments was taken plant height, number of lateral branches per plant, number of capsules per plant, seed yield and 1000-grain weight as the herbal properties of the observations. According to research results; Arslanbey sesame variety with amounts ranging from 1112 kg ha-1 to 548 kg ha1 seed yield, in Şanlıurfa climate and soil conditions as the second product compared to other prominent varieties and lines is easily recommended | Bu araştırma, teksel seleksiyon yöntemi ile seçilen bazı susam (Sesamum indicum L.) genotipleri ile Arslanbey, Özberk-82, Muganlı-57, Gölmarmara ve Baydar-2001 standart çeşitlerinin Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi'ndeki performanslarını belirlemek amacıyla, 2010 (13 genotip) ve 2011 (15 genotip) yılları yetiştirme sezonlarında, GAP Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Talat Demirören Araştırma İstasyonu ve Gündaş Araştırma İstasyonu olmak üzere iki lokasyonda yürütülmüştür. Denemeler, tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Parsellerde; sıra arası mesafe 70 cm, sıra üzeri mesafe ise 15 cm olacak şekilde her parselde 4 sıra ekim yapılmış olup, parsel ebatları 6 x 2.8 m olarak düzenlenmiştir. Denemelerde bitki boyu, bitkide yan dal sayısı, bitkide kapsül sayısı, tohum verimi ve 1000 tane ağırlığı gibi bitkisel özelliklere ait gözlemler yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda; diğer çeşit ve hatlara göre öne çıkan ve 1112 ile 1548 kg ha-1 arasında değişen miktarlarda tohum verimi veren Arslanbey çeşidi, Şanlıurfa iklim ve toprak koşullarında ikinci ürün susam yetiştiriciliğinde rahatlıkla önerilmektedir.

The main aim of this research was to determine some land and soil characteristics of Siirt province and to make database using Geographic Information System (GIS). The study area covers about 562619.5 ha. Firstly, digital elevation model was formed using topographic map of the Siirt province and after this process slope, aspect, elevation and hill shade maps were also produced. In addition to that, some data produced General Directory of Rural Services and climate data were used in this study. According to study results, west part of the Siirt province has almost flat area whereas, hilly and mountain area locate in north and east part of it. Therefore, slope degree increase from west to north and east ways. More than half of the study area’s soil types (65%) is Brown forest soils. Besides, according to land use and land cover map about 44% and 31% of the study area covers by shrubbery-brush and pastures, respectively. According to erosion maps, approximately %90 of the Siirt province lands has medium, severe and very severe erosion problem. Lands that are suitable for agricultural activities are very limited in Siirt Province. Only about 9% of the total land was classified as I, II and III land capability classes. Moreover, investigated depth map of the study area about 85% of the study area has very shallow and shallow soil depth. Deep soils found on plain and valley located at west part of the study area | Bu çalışmanın amacı Siirt ili bazı arazi ve toprak özelliklerinin Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi (CBS) kullanılarak belirlenmesi ve veritabanının oluşturulmasıdır. Çalışma alanı 562619.5 hektardır. Araştırmada öncelikle Siirt iline ait topoğrafya haritası kullanılarak arazinin sayısal yükselti modeli oluşturulmuş ve eğim, bakı, yükselti ve kabartı haritaları üretilmiştir. Ayrıca çalışmada, Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü tarafından hazırlanan verilerin yanı sıra, İl'e ait iklim verilerinden de yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bilgilere göre, Siirt ilinin batı kesimi daha düz ve düze yakın ovalık arazilerden oluşurken, kuzeyi ve doğusunda rakım yüksektir. Bu yüzden eğim değerleri kuzey ve doğu bölgelerinde yüksek, batıda ise düşüktür. Siirt ilinin yarısından çoğunda yaklaşık % 65'inde kahverengi orman toprağı bulunur. Arazi kullanım haritasına baktığımızda ilin % 44'lük kısmının fundalık, % 31'lik kısmının ise meralık arazilerden oluştuğu görülmektedir. Erozyon haritasının incelenmesi sonucu ise Siirt ilinin yaklaşık % 90'ında orta, şiddetli ve çok şiddetli erozyon olduğu görülmüştür. İşlemeli tarıma uygun araziler ilde oldukça sınırlıdır. Siirt ili toplam alanının sadece % 9'luk kısmı I., II. ve III. sınıf kabiliyete sahip alanlardan oluşmaktadır. Toprak derinlik haritası incelendiğinde ise % 85 oranıyla sahanın büyük kısmının çok sığ ve sığ topraklardan oluştuğu görülmektedir. Derin ve çok derin toprakların ise batıda ovalık arazilerde ve vadilerde küçük alanlarda yer alır.