8 pages, 5 tables | [EN] The author states the relationship between the number of vertebrae of the larvae caught off Castellón, and their size, the temperature, the number of hours of sun and the date in which the vertebrae count was made | [FR] L'auteur étudie le rapport entre le nombre des vertèbres des larves pêchées dans les eaux de Castellón, la taille, la température et les heures de soleil à la date de détermination des vertèbres. [...] | Peer reviewed

The Robert Morris Smith Papers contain letters and documents leading to the establishment of the National Chicken of Tomorrow Program, a notebook showing the original records of economic traits measured in the 1951 National Contest, and correspondence that established the rules and regulations governing the Arkansas Random Sample Poultry Tests.

Bunch yield of oil palms can be expressed as the product of number of bunches and average bunch weight. Number of bunches is itself composite, being determined by number of leaves, percentage floral abortion, sex ratio and percentage bunch failure. Of these elements sex ratio proved to be most strongly influenced by age, environment and genetic constitution.Detailed data from a number of cultural experiments on the effects of intercropping, cultivation, manuring and pruning were used to study the effects of various treatments on individual components of yield. The clear response of sex ratio to cultural treatments could be traced to a positive correlation with light intensity and a negative correlation with total nitrogen in soil, in particular during periods of insufficient sunlight. These findings led to the hypothesis that environment affects sex ratio and therefore bunch number, through the ratio between carbohydrate assimilation and nitrogen uptake.Yield analysis thus facilitated the interpretation of the results of agronomic trials, particularly in Africa where yields were often limited through insufficient sunlight. In breeding of oil palms, yield analysis could enable the plant breeder to estimate the performance of his material under different conditions and could reveal the interactions between sex ratio, fruit quality and sterility.

Bunch yield of oil palms can be expressed as the product of number of bunches and average bunch weight. Number of bunches is itself composite, being determined by number of leaves, percentage floral abortion, sex ratio and percentage bunch failure. Of these elements sex ratio proved to be most strongly influenced by age, environment and genetic constitution. | Detailed data from a number of cultural experiments on the effects of intercropping, cultivation, manuring and pruning were used to study the effects of various treatments on individual components of yield. The clear response of sex ratio to cultural treatments could be traced to a positive correlation with light intensity and a negative correlation with total nitrogen in soil, in particular during periods of insufficient sunlight. These findings led to the hypothesis that environment affects sex ratio and therefore bunch number, through the ratio between carbohydrate assimilation and nitrogen uptake. | Yield analysis thus facilitated the interpretation of the results of agronomic trials, particularly in Africa where yields were often limited through insufficient sunlight. In breeding of oil palms, yield analysis could enable the plant breeder to estimate the performance of his material under different conditions and could reveal the interactions between sex ratio, fruit quality and sterility.

Bunch yield of oil palms can be expressed as the product of number of bunches and average bunch weight. Number of bunches is itself composite, being determined by number of leaves, percentage floral abortion, sex ratio and percentage bunch failure. Of these elements sex ratio proved to be most strongly influenced by age, environment and genetic constitution.Detailed data from a number of cultural experiments on the effects of intercropping, cultivation, manuring and pruning were used to study the effects of various treatments on individual components of yield. The clear response of sex ratio to cultural treatments could be traced to a positive correlation with light intensity and a negative correlation with total nitrogen in soil, in particular during periods of insufficient sunlight. These findings led to the hypothesis that environment affects sex ratio and therefore bunch number, through the ratio between carbohydrate assimilation and nitrogen uptake.Yield analysis thus facilitated the interpretation of the results of agronomic trials, particularly in Africa where yields were often limited through insufficient sunlight. In breeding of oil palms, yield analysis could enable the plant breeder to estimate the performance of his material under different conditions and could reveal the interactions between sex ratio, fruit quality and sterility.

SynopsisExtensive variation and segregation for combining ability for seed yield, panicle number, fertility, and seed weight were observed. One generation of inbreeding had no effect on combining ability for seed yield or weight, but decreased fertility somewhat. Panicle number and fertility were the primary components of seed yield, while seed weight was unrelated to these. Heritability of combining ability for fertility and seed weight was relatively high, but only moderate for seed yield and panicle number. Forage and seed yield were positively correlated but predictive value was low.

The growth and the efficiency (E s ) of conversion of solar energy were greatly affected in barley by both shading and density, although not always similarly in 1957 and 1958. Observations were made on: height; internode length; shoot diameter; shoot and leaf number; number and percentage of dead leaves; leaf length, breadth, ratio, thickness and area; spike development; awn emergence; spike length; number of heads per plant; number of grains per head and per plant; fresh and dry weights of roots, stem, leaves, heads, seeds, tops and entire plant; 1000-grain dry weight; and the root/top relation. The relation nonphotosynthetic tissues to photosynthetic tissues increased with increasing light intensity and with time. With increasing density this ratio decreased in the early stages but increased in the later ones. E s increased in the early and late stages with decreasing light intensity, in the middle stages the reverse occurred. In natural field conditions E s was maximum in the middle of the growing period. E s first (until 56-70 days) increased with density, later on medium density was more efficient. In both seasons proportion of grain and heads increased with density. Shading prolonged vegetative growth and diminished seed production.In mangold, E s increased for each period as well as on average with density. The highest E s values also persisted over a longer period in this crop.

The growth and the efficiency (E s ) of conversion of solar energy were greatly affected in barley by both shading and density, although not always similarly in 1957 and 1958. Observations were made on: height; internode length; shoot diameter; shoot and leaf number; number and percentage of dead leaves; leaf length, breadth, ratio, thickness and area; spike development; awn emergence; spike length; number of heads per plant; number of grains per head and per plant; fresh and dry weights of roots, stem, leaves, heads, seeds, tops and entire plant; 1000-grain dry weight; and the root/top relation. The relation nonphotosynthetic tissues to photosynthetic tissues increased with increasing light intensity and with time. With increasing density this ratio decreased in the early stages but increased in the later ones. E s increased in the early and late stages with decreasing light intensity, in the middle stages the reverse occurred. In natural field conditions E s was maximum in the middle of the growing period. E s first (until 56-70 days) increased with density, later on medium density was more efficient. In both seasons proportion of grain and heads increased with density. Shading prolonged vegetative growth and diminished seed production.In mangold, E s increased for each period as well as on average with density. The highest E s values also persisted over a longer period in this crop.

SynopsisYield in small grain was described as a rectangular parallelepiped with edges X, Y, and Z representing the number of heads per unit area, number of kernels per head, and average kernel weight, respectively. A relatively simple tool was devised to show whether it is better to select for or increase one edge alone, or two edges, or three edges in order to give the greatest gain in volume or yield.