The results of the research of the influence of seeding methods on number of seeds in soy beans of the variety «The memory of Fadeev».

Security situation in Kosovo and Metohija and traffic circumstances – in other words - distance between the municipality of Štrpce and bigger consumer centres in Serbia and other factors restrict milk procession in the existing diary plant and on agricultural husbandries mostly into durable white cheese and cheese brine. The procession of milk into cheese and dairy products with short term durability is significantly less performed, because of the above mentioned reasons. Within this paper we presented available natural resources and human potential and also did analysis of the development in the number of heads of cattle and the analysis of the quantity of autochthonous dairy products during the period since 1998 to 2008. Based on the data and analysis, the conclusion was made that the increase in the production of autochthonous dairy products in the municipality of Štrpce would contribute agricultural development on the whole and better employment of the local population. The performed analyses were based on modest financial resources, but on the more efficient participation of Serbian institutions as well, with significant expert and scientific support.

The article provides the results of many years of research conducted in 2005-2010 on leached chernozem in the forest-steppe of Volga region. The subject of the research is species and quantitative changes in weed infestation of crops during crop rotation under the influence of differentiated and averaged doses of fertilizers. It is established that the species composition of weeds depended on the cultivated plant in crop rotation, and their number depended on the predecessor and weather conditions of vegetation. In the Sudanese grass, a late sowing plant, there were late spring weeds (Redroot Pigweed, Barnyard grass) which were practically absent in wheat and barley, the early sowing crops. The influence of fertilizers application on the plant weediness in crop rotation was insignificant. At the same time, in comparison with the control, there was a significant decrease in the number of weeds by 11 -27%. In arid conditions of 2010 the effect of fertilizers on weed infestation was not significant. In favorable moisture years fertilizers had a positive effect not only on the growth and development of cultivated plants, but also stimulated the weeds growth. The quantitative change in weed infestation of crops primarily occurred under the influence of cultivated crops and was less dependent on the technology of fertilizers application. In all experiments with fertilizers, the number of weeds increased by 78-87 % from the first crop in rotation to fallow and decreased after it by 80-87%, more evident in variants with fertilizers. Differentiated application of fertilizers contributed to the reduction of weed weight by 7 % compared with the control and by 11% compared with traditional fertilizer application.

The article provides the results of many years of research conducted in 2005-2010 on leached chernozem in the forest-steppe of Volga region. The subject of the research is species and quantitative changes in weed infestation of crops during crop rotation under the influence of differentiated and averaged doses of fertilizers. It is established that the species composition of weeds depended on the cultivated plant in crop rotation, and their number depended on the predecessor and weather conditions of vegetation. In the Sudanese grass, a late sowing plant, there were late spring weeds (Redroot Pigweed, Barnyard grass) which were practically absent in wheat and barley, the early sowing crops. The influence of fertilizers application on the plant weediness in crop rotation was insignificant. At the same time, in comparison with the control, there was a significant decrease in the number of weeds by 11 -27%. In arid conditions of 2010 the effect of fertilizers on weed infestation was not significant. In favorable moisture years fertilizers had a positive effect not only on the growth and development of cultivated plants, but also stimulated the weeds growth. The quantitative change in weed infestation of crops primarily occurred under the influence of cultivated crops and was less dependent on the technology of fertilizers application. In all experiments with fertilizers, the number of weeds increased by 78-87 % from the first crop in rotation to fallow and decreased after it by 80-87%, more evident in variants with fertilizers. Differentiated application of fertilizers contributed to the reduction of weed weight by 7 % compared with the control and by 11% compared with traditional fertilizer application.

The article discusses the results of two years experiments to study the morphological and biological parameters stam varieties of tomato. Stam samples were taken in the breeding gene pool of tomato, characterized by the length of the stem. The paper analyzed 8 samples. Particular attention was paid to the study of samples of grounds such as the length of the main stem, number of leaves on the main stem, number of flowers in the third brush, brush the third length, number of lateral stems, stem diameter at the base, the stem diameter of the third sheet. Also we carried out the description of the fruits. Determined average fruit weight, length and fruit diameter in centimeters, the index of the fetus, number of fruit chambers. They were identified on the basis of data obtained from a number of promising products stam varieties: Gigant Shtambovji, Gigant Rose, Paradigma 2. These varieties have a unique combination of agronomic characters and can be used in the future as the parental forms for high value hybrids.

The Smeda catchment, where the Smeda Brook drains an area of about 26 km2, is located in northern Bohemia in the Jizerské hory Mts. This experimental mountain catchment with the Bily Potok downstream gauge profile was selected as a model area for simulating extreme rainfall-runoff processes, using the KINFIL model supplemented by the Curve Number (CN) method. The combination of methods applied here consists of two parts. The first part is an application of the CN theory, where CN is correlated with hydraulic conductivity Ks of the soil types, and also with storage suction factor Sf at field capacity FC: CN = f(Ks, Sf). The second part of the combined KINFIL/CN method, represented by the KINFIL model, is based on the kinematic wave method which, in combination with infiltration, mitigates the overland flow. This simulation was chosen as an alternative to an enormous amount of field measurements. The combination used here was shown to provide a successful method. However, practical application would require at least four sub-catchments, so that more terraces can be placed. The provision of effective measures will require more investment than is currently envisaged.

Disk-type spherical working tools are widely used in soil-cultivating machines, where they serve as an element base for combined units and disk harrows, including the multi-row ones with disks on individual racks. The tools are used in the implementation of traditional technologies based on reversible plowing, with surface tillage after late-harvested predecessors, for example, corn, sunflower, and also in NO-TIL technologies. (Research purpose) To determine the arrangement of working tools on the disk harrow frame, which reduces the required number of disks and improves the quality of soil cultivation. (Materials and methods) The authors have analyzed the arrangement of disk harrow working tools and determined their rational arrangement and mutual positions in the rows, which increases the tillage width between adjacent soil strips, thus improving the completeness of soil shearing and loosening over the entire operating width with simultaneous decreasing of the required number of disks. (Results and discussion) The authors have determined the interrelated arrangement of disks in their rows, aimed at improving soil shearing, so that the number of strips tilled into a ridge by adjacent disks increases. It has been shown that the arrangement of working tools of the consecutive row determined by the orientation of the adjacent disks of the previous row, allows to economize one working tool for every 400 mm of its operating width when shearing the soil all the way across the entire width of the disk harrow. (Conclusions) It has been established that when soil is tilled with a disk and moved toward the already processed adjacent strip, the technological width of the disk coverage increases due to the deformation of soil tearing and shearing. The authors have proposed the arrangement order of spherical disks and their mutual orientation, which improves the quality of soil cultivation, the completeness of soil shearing along the entire operating width, and leads to a reduction in the number of disks.

The development of nonparametric procedures for testing shape constraint (monotonicity, convexity, unimodality, etc.) has received increasing interest. Nevertheless, testing the k-monotonicity of a discrete density for k larger than 2 has received little attention. To deal with this issue, several testing procedures based on the empirical distribution of the observations have been developed. They are non-parametric, easy to implement and proven to be asymptotically of the desired level and consistent. An estimator of the degree of k-monotonicity of the distribution is presented. An application to the estimation of the total number of classes in a population is proposed. A large simulation study makes it possible to assess the performances of the various procedures.

Disk-type spherical working tools are widely used in soil-cultivating machines, where they serve as an element base for combined units and disk harrows, including the multi-row ones with disks on individual racks. The tools are used in the implementation of traditional technologies based on reversible plowing, with surface tillage after late-harvested predecessors, for example, corn, sunflower, and also in NO-TIL technologies. (Research purpose) To determine the arrangement of working tools on the disk harrow frame, which reduces the required number of disks and improves the quality of soil cultivation. (Materials and methods) The authors have analyzed the arrangement of disk harrow working tools and determined their rational arrangement and mutual positions in the rows, which increases the tillage width between adjacent soil strips, thus improving the completeness of soil shearing and loosening over the entire operating width with simultaneous decreasing of the required number of disks. (Results and discussion) The authors have determined the interrelated arrangement of disks in their rows, aimed at improving soil shearing, so that the number of strips tilled into a ridge by adjacent disks increases. It has been shown that the arrangement of working tools of the consecutive row determined by the orientation of the adjacent disks of the previous row, allows to economize one working tool for every 400 mm of its operating width when shearing the soil all the way across the entire width of the disk harrow. (Conclusions) It has been established that when soil is tilled with a disk and moved toward the already processed adjacent strip, the technological width of the disk coverage increases due to the deformation of soil tearing and shearing. The authors have proposed the arrangement order of spherical disks and their mutual orientation, which improves the quality of soil cultivation, the completeness of soil shearing along the entire operating width, and leads to a reduction in the number of disks.

The article gives the effect of water stress on formation of root system and overland parts of wheat under provoking conditions “zasushnik” (vegetation experience). It has been established that at the beginning of the stress the mass of roots reduced a bit, but then the process of accumulation of root mass stabilized due to adaptation to water stress. Comparing winter wheat samples ‘Don 93’ and ‘488/07’, the root system of ‘Don 93’ is more adaptive to drought than that of the sample ‘488/07’. In the phase of milky ripeness of the grain, dry mass of roots of the variety ‘Don 93’ decreased on 3%, and dry mass of roots of the variety ‘488/07’ reduced on 32%. In the phase of waxy ripeness of the grain, the number of roots varied from 9 to 16 pieces (trial) and from 10 to 17 pieces (control). The data about response of the root system of the varieties and lines of winter wheat on water stress in various phases of organogenesis have been given. It has been determined that root system plays an essential part in the process of adaptation to drought among steppe crop varieties. The varieties ‘Kaprizyulya’, ‘Asket’, ‘Kazaka’, ‘Kapitan’ and ‘Lidiya’ have shown the highest level of adaptation to harsh, severe drought.