Cultures of bovine alveolar macrophages were inoculated with type-1 and type-8 adenoviruses, initially isolated from calves with respiratory tract disease, and functional properties of the cells were observed over a period of 10 to 11 days. Both viruses replicated in macrophages; viral titers were low (< 3.75 log10 TCID50/0.1 ml), and intranuclear inclusions were detected by indirect immunofluorescence in 5 to 10% of the cells from 3 days after inoculation. Highest titers were induced by type-1 adenovirus, which also induced the greatest functional changes. Expression of Fc and complement receptors was reduced by both viruses, although the greatest effects were seen with type 1. Phagocytosis of Candida krusei cells was reduced following type 1 infection, whereas phagocytosis in type-8-infected cells was not different from that of noninfected macrophages. Ability to kill ingested Candida cells also was reduced following type-1 infection, whereas type-8-infected macrophages had lower killing ability only at 2 to 4 days after inoculation. Neither virus had substantial effects on the production of neutrophil chemotactic factors by the macrophages.

Dairy goats were given IM injections of 12 micrograms of cloprostenol sodium on day 6 of the estrous cycle (prostaglandin F [PGF] 6, n = 22) or day 12 of the estrous cycle (PGF 12, n = 26). Mean +/- SE hours from injection to onset of behavioral estrus and proportion of goats responding were 46 +/- 4.2 (range, 12 to 88 hours) and 95% and 48 +/- 2.9 (range, 34 to 68 hours) and 100% for groups PGF 6 and PGF 12, respectively. There was no significant difference between the groups in mean time to onset of estrus, but variances about the means were different. Of the does in groups PGF 6 and PGF 12, 67 and 85%, respectively, had signs of onset of estrus between 36 and 60 hours after administration of PGF. Mean (+/- SE) hours from injection to time of peak concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH) were 62 +/- 3.1 and 64 +/- 2.1 for groups PGF 6 and PGF 12, respectively. Of the does in groups PGF 6 and PGF 12, 86 and 100%, respectively, had LH peaks. Of the does in groups PGF 6 and PGF 12, 68 and 77%, respectively, had peak concentrations of LH between 48 and 72 hours after administration of PGF. All does in groups PGF 6 and PGF 12 had concentrations of progesterone > 1.0 ng/ml on the day of administration of PGF. Concentrations decreased to < 1.0 ng/ml by 48 hours after injection in all does except 1 in group PGF 6. Prostaglandin was equally effective for induction of estrus on day 6 or day 12 of the estrous cycle in dairy goats, but resulted in a more predictable time to estrus when injection was done on day 12.