The aim of this write up is to explore technological developments in the area of post-harvest grain storage techniques. Post-harvest losses occur between harvest and the moment of human consumption. They include on-farm losses, such as when grain is threshed, winnowed, and dried, as well as losses along the chain during transportation, storage, and processing. Use of traditional grain storage facilities such as cribs, improved rhombus, and brick bins are ineffective against mold and insects already present in the grain before storage. While plastic bins reduce insect pests’ infestation, Purdue Improved crop storage bags and wooden silo were proved to be a viable management tool for preventing aflatoxin accumulation in storage and moisture migration. The metal silo still remains an effective grain storage technology for reducing post-harvest insect and pathogen losses if the challenges of moisture and temperature can be adequately managed. An effective grain storage technology would be the ones that can sustain quality of grain stored for a long period (≥5 years), durable, cost-effective, and be managed scientifically, possibly by computer-aided grain management system.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of hemp seed oil replaced soybean oil as an energy supply on growth performance parameters, carcass yield, liver weight, breast meat pH, and meat color values in quails. A total of 100 one-day old quail chicks were reared in two treatment groups for 5 weeks. The experimental diets were formulated as to contain 4.4% crude soybean(control) and hemp seed oils. According to the results of the present study, crude hemp seed oil replaced soybean oil in the diet was effective on finishing body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, weight gain and carcass yield. All of these parameters were lower than the soybean oil (control) group. Liver weight, and breast meat color values (L*, a*, and b*) have shown similarities between experimental groups. The breast meat pH value decreased significantly in the hemp seed oil treatment group compared to soybean oil group. Using hemp seed oil instead of soybean oil used in quail diets negatively affects performance parameters (except for feed conversion ratio).

Bu araştırma ile Niş üretim yapısına sahip olan Azatlı Biberi ile ilgili olarak bu biberin üreticilerinin genel durumu ile yerel ekonomik kalkınma açısından değerinin belirlenmesi ve bu üretimin nasıl bir yerel kalkınma aracı olarak kullanılabileceğinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada Basit Tesadüfi Örnekleme Yöntemi ile 2020 Yılı Çiftçi Kayıt Sistemi verilerine göre toplam 113 üreticinin 52’si ile anket soru formları doldurularak çalışmanın amacına yönelik veriler elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada üreticiler 20 dekar ve daha az alanda ve 20 dekardan fazla alanda Azatlı Biberi üreten üreticiler olarak 2 gruba ayrılmış ve analizler bu 2 grup üzerinden yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak son 10 yıl içinde Azatlı Biberi üretiminin bir artış trendinde olduğu ve üreticilerin toplam üretimin %72,81’ini toz biber olarak işlediği belirtilmiştir. 1 kg taze Azatlı Biberi maliyeti 2020 yılı için 1,02 TL, kuru Azatlı Biberi için ise 8,68 TL olarak hesaplanmıştır. Yapılan hesaplamalar üreticilerin gelirleri içerisinde Azatlı Biberi’nin önemli yer tuttuğu, bölgede önemli bir tanınmışlığa sahip olduğu ve Azatlı Biberi adının bir kalite unsuru olarak algılandığı ortaya konulmuştur. Bölgede önemli bir ekonomik değer oluşturan Azatlı Biberi üretiminin yerel ekonomik kalkınma için önemli bir potansiyel oluşturması için örgütlenme, tanıtım ve coğrafi işaret tescilinin (menşei işareti) alınmasının önemli olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Çevre duyarlılığı; bireylerin çevreye olan sorumluluklarının bilincinde olması ve bu sorumlulukları yerine getirme yeteneğidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Kahramanmaraş ilinde yaşayan tüketicilerin çevre duyarlılığının ve çevre duyarlılığının çevreci satın alma davranışı üzerindeki etkilerinin belirlenmesidir. Araştırmanın ana materyalini 2020 yılı ocak ve şubat aylarında Kahramanmaraş ili kent merkezinde yaşayan 384 tüketici ile yüz yüze yapılan anketlerden elde edilen veriler oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin analiz edilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistik ve ki-kare testinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda tüketicilerin %89,1’inin çevreye karşı duyarlı olduğunu kabul ettiği tespit edilmiştir. Ki-kare testi sonucunda kadınların, eğitim seviyesi daha yüksek olanların, çekirdek ailelerin çevreye karşı duyarlılığı istatistiksel olarak daha yüksektir. Daha az kirlenmeye neden olan ürünleri satın alan tüketicilerin %93,4’ünün, çevre dostu ürünlere diğer ürünlere ödenenden daha fazla para ödemeye razı olan tüketicilerin ise %95,7’sinin çevreye duyarlı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Konu ile ilgili paydaşlara bir kaynak niteliği taşıyacak bu çalışma ile tüketicilerin çevre duyarlılığının artırılması, tüketicilerin çevreci ürünlere olan farkındalıklarının artırılması ve çevrenin korunmasına katkı sağlamak hedeflenmektedir.

This study was carried out to determine the effects of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) and LED light on improving postharvest quality of 0900 Ziraat cherry fruits. In the present study, UV-B treated to cherry fruits 10, 20, and 40 min, and then stored dark conditions. On the other hand, the blue (M), red (KR) and ultraviolet-A (UVA) LED light had applied to fruit during storage, continuously. Fruits without application were used as a control. Cherry fruits were stored at 4±1°C temperature with 85-90% RH for 35 days. As a result of the study, the best treatment in terms of increasing the TSS/TA rate (19.3), fructose (5.27%), glucose (6.22%), total soluble phenol (170.16 mg/100 mL CAE) and anthocyanin content (12.11 mg/kg FW), red color, and taste quality (4.63) of fruits was UVB20. It has also been seen that the KR treatment could be used to reducing the titratable acidity content, and increase the amount of fructose, total soluble phenol. The UV-A LED treatment is particularly significant in reducing weight loss, and providing in the fruit stalk remains green. Also, the treatments of both UVB and LED improved the color quality of cherries by increasing brightness, darkening red color, and protection of anthocyanins, whereas increased the EL. As a result, it might be concluded that the UVB20 (5.95 kJ / m2s) treatment was the best and usable treatment to maintaining both biochemical and taste quality cherry fruits during cold storage.

Marketplace waste collection is one of the crucial services provided by the district municipalities in Turkey. A significant amount of food waste is periodically collected from marketplaces. However, an important opportunity for recycling and mitigation climate change is missed because these waste are sent to landfills. Composting, one of the waste management technologies applied to organic waste to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and produce compost, is often preferred for the management of marketplace waste. This study aims to determine suitable locations for compost facilities to manage marketplace waste with the help of GIS considering economic, environmental, and topographic factors in Izmir, Turkey. There are 199 marketplaces in Izmir and each has at least one market a week. Each marketplace was weighted by means of population served by using location-allocation analysis since the amount of waste collected from the marketplaces is not known. First, an exclusion analysis was performed to remove limited use areas. Then, a preference analysis was performed. Factors affecting plant site selection process for composting marketplace waste, including marketplace locations and weights, were determined. Since all factors do not have equal importance, the analytical hierarchy process was used to determine weights for each factor based on their influence. The study area was spatially evaluated for each preference factor and a suitability map was created for each factor. Finally, a high-resolution final suitability map was obtained by combining each factor’s suitability map along with their weights. Areas with a suitability index greater than 80% have been defined as suitable areas for compost facility installation. The results indicate that there are 323 potential locations suitable for compost facilities in Izmir.

A research was carried out to assess the suitability of surface water for irrigation purposes. For this reason, 56 samples of surface water were collected from each union of Dinajpur sadar upazilla, Dinajpur. The analysis was included pH, EC, TDS, Ca, Mg, S, P, Na, K, Cl- and HCO3- to evaluate the suitability of surface water for irrigation purposes. Almost all the water samples were within the recommended pH value for irrigation and a great impact on crop production. With respect to electrical conductivity (EC) samples were low to medium salinity. For total dissolved solids (TDS), all samples were considered as freshwater for irrigation. On the basis of Ca, Mg, S, P, Na, K, Cl- and HCO3- all samples could safely be used for irrigation and would not affect the soils.

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of adding orange peel (PKY), lemon peel essential oils (LKY) and PKY+LKY (respectively 300, 300, 150+150 mg/kg) to laying quail diets on performance, egg internal and external quality parameters and hatchability parameters. The eight-week trial was conducted in 20 subgroups, with 4 treatment groups and 5 replications for each treatment, and a total of 120 Japanese quails at 10 weeks of age were randomly distributed, with 6 quails (4 females, 2 males) in each subgroup. Feed intake with the addition of LKY to the diet, egg production and egg mass with the addition of PKY + LKY decreased significantly compared to the control group, and the eggshell breaking resistance with the addition of LKY and PKY + LKY increased significantly compared to the control group. However, the addition of LKY, PKY and PKY+LKY to the diet did not affect hatchability and reproduction parameters. According to these results, the addition of 300 mg/kg PKY and 300 mg/kg (150+150) PKY+LKY to breeder quail diets had an effect on the increase of eggshell qualityi, although the performance was adversely affected.

Growth factors and vitamin-like substances have great positive importance in most biological interactions in the cellular level. The addition of these elements in the culture media will increase the yield of the resulting embryos and improve quality. We examined the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and myo-inositol (MI) on meiotic maturation and yields of blastocyst of Awassi sheep oocyte across two experiments. The oocytes obtained were subjected into three treatments: A (without EGF nor MI), B (10 ng/ml EGF + 20 mmol/l MI) and C (50 ng/ml EGF +40 mmol/l MI). Oocytes were then cultured in Ham's F-10 medium supplemented with 5% (v: v) fetal calf serum and 40 ng/ml follicle - stimulating hormone. In the first experiment, during the 27-h culture period, the oocytes were assessed for germinal vesicle break down, metaphase-I and metaphase-II stages across three-time intervals (9, 21 and 27-h). Results of the experiment showed that EGF and MI enhanced the rates of germinal vesicle break down phase (1.53%; 27-h interval; lowest value), metaphase-I (33.87%; 21-h interval) and metaphase-II (89.23%; 27-h interval). In the second experiment, the oocytes incubated in treatment B achieved the highest rates of cleavage (81.96%), 2-8 cell (62.35%) and blastocyst (45.09%). It is concluded from the present study that incubating sheep oocytes in culture media containing a cocktail of EGF (10 ng/ml) and MI (20 mmol/l) significantly improves the rates of metaphase-II, fertilization and blastocyst rates.

The purpose of the study is to examine the role and impacts of growth hormone in maximizing animal products. Growth hormones are biological stimulants that are found either naturally in the organism or synthetically manufactured. Phytoestrogens, phytoprogestrons and Phenolic compounds are hormones from plants. Drugs from of placenta and colostrums of cow`s contain progesterone, estrogene, gonadotropin, and prostaglandins hormones. Growth hormones have got popular applications in dairy, beef, feed improvement and Biopharmaceutical productions with the aim of producing valuable products: fat free meat (Porcine Somatotropin hormone in pigs), nutritionally and medicinally reach milk (Bovine Somatotropin hormone in cattle), palatable and disease and insect pest resistant forage crop production. They have got also contribution in maximizing livestock production by involving in adjusting animals’ reproductive process such as oestrus synchronization and superovulation mainly during artificial insemination and embryo transfer. Controversially, these hormones have wide impacts on human being, animal welfare, environment and etc. Contamination of ground water by hormones that are found in the animals` excreta will cause deleterious effects such as cancer, loss of fertility, and some imbalance of minerals in the water and soil.