Sunflower diseases - limiting factor in sunflower production
2000
Masirevic, S. (Naucni institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad (Yugoslavia)) | Forgic, G.
The incidence and development of the major sunflower diseases and parasitic flowering plant broomrape was monitored during 1999, a year that was extremely unfavourable to sunflower production. The diseases were monitored in most sunflower growing regions of Serbia (Yugoslavia), as well as in network of large and small plot trials of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad, Serbia (Yugoslavia). The disease incidence varied widely from region to region, affecting sunflower seed yields and oil content. This was the third year in a row that severe outbreaks of Phoma macdonaldi and Phomopsis were recorded in hybrids that had previously been considered resistant to this causal agent. It remains to be seed in further studies whether this was merely a results of the extremely favourable conditions for the development of this pathogen or if something else was the case. The year 1999 was also characterized by higher incidence of secondary infections by the causal agent of downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii), significant outbreaks of white had rot (Sclerotiorum sclerotiorum), and further spread of broomrape (Orobanche) to new areas. In many areas crop defoliation and premature sunflower ripening were observed.
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