Effect of Phyllanthus spp. against yellow head baculovirus infection in black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon
1997
Sataporn Direkbusarakom, Department of Fisheries, Bangkok (Thailand). National Inst. of Coastal Aquaculture
Five species of the herb Phyllanthus; P. amarus, P. debilis, P. pulcher, P. reticulatus, and P. urinaria were tested for their ability to inactivate yellow-head baculovirus (YBV), a virulent pathogen of black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon. Extraction was done by ethanol using a soxhlet apparatus. The virucidal activities of these extracts were tested by mixing the virus with plant extracts followed by incubation and injection into healthy black tiger shrimp. Antivirucidal activity was assessed by observation of the mortality rates of the injected shrimp. The toxicity of the plant extracts was also tested against shrimp. The extracts of P. amarus and P. urinaria inhibited YBV. The minimum inhibitory concentrations for P. amarus and P. urinaria were 0.1 and 1 mg/ml, respectively while the LD50 of the extract to postlarvae 15 were 2471 +- 6.3 mg/ml and 2564 +- 5.8 mg/ml, respectively. The extracts also enhanced phagocytic activity in black tiger shrimp.
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