Effect of temperature on pollen germination, pollen tube growth and seed development in mango (Mangifera indica L.)
1999
Hetherington, S.E. | Smith, M.K. | Vithanage, V. | Whiley, A.W. | Sukhvibul, N.(University of Queensland (Australia). School of Land and Food)
Effect of constant and variable temperatures on pollen germination, pollen tube growth and seed development of Nam Dok Mai, Kensington, Sensation and Irwin mangoes was investigated. At 10 deg C, the average pollen germination for all cultivars was 53.9 percent. This increased to 76.2-77.4 percent between 15 ad 25 deg C and subsequently decreased to 68.2 percent at 30 deg C. The number of pollen tubes reaching the ovule in self-pollinated flowers of each cultivar was greatest at 25 deg C but declined at 30 deg C and was prevented when flowers were held at 10 deg C. Low temperatures, 20 deg C day/falling to 10 deg C night, 48 h after pollination significantly increased the percentage of stenospermocarpic (nubbin) fruit. There were significant differences between cultivars in the percentage of nubbins produced following low temperature exposure with 38.3 percent for Nam Dok Mai, 21.4 percent for Kensington and 6.8 percent for Irwin. The lower percentage of nubbin fruit in Irwin implies a greater adaptation to cool temperatures by this cultivar during fruit set and early development.
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