Effects of crop rootzone non-pressure subirrigation on tomato physiological characteristics, yield and quality

Китайский. 探明无压灌溉不同供水水平对作物根区土壤水分条件、番茄的形态指标、水分生理指标和光合生理指标及产量、品质和水分利用效率的影响。以东圣一号番茄为试验材料，在日光温室进行了灌溉试验研究，试验共设3个供水水平，压力水头分别为0、3和6cm，并采用DPS分析软件对数据进行了显著性分析。不同供水水平对番茄的生长发育及产量品质有显著的影响。6cm处理番茄产量最高，3cm处理次之，0cm处理最低；但番茄的水分利用效率却是0cm＞3cm＞6cm处理；0cm处理下番茄的糖酸比和可溶性蛋白含量最高，Vc含量降幅也不大；相对于0cm处理，6cm和3cm处理的Vc含量分别提高了19.2%和6.8%。根区局部控水无压地下灌溉能够满足番茄需水量，不同供水压力对番茄根区土壤水分、生理特性和产量影响不同，同时能够协调番茄糖酸之间的比例，提高番茄的糖酸比、可溶性蛋白含量和Vc含量，使番茄能更加美味可口，起到了以水调质的功效，值得在农业生产中推广。

Английский. We meant to study the effects of different water elevations of non-pressure subirrigation on some indexes of tomato, including soil water status around crop rootzone, morphological indexes, physiological indexes, photosynthetic indexes, yield, quality and water use efficiency. With the matierials of No.1 DongSheng tomato, we did the irrigation experiment in the greenhouse, and made significant analysis on experiment data through the software of DPS. Different water elevations had significant influence on the growth, yield and quality of tomato. The yield of 6cm treatment was the highest, 3cm treatment was inferior to 6 cm treatment, 0cm treatment was the lowest. But the WUE was 0cm3cm6cm. The sugar/acid and soluble protein was the highest under the treatment of 0cm, and the content of Vc didn’t decrease very much. Compared to 0cm treatment, Vc content of 6 cm and 3 cm increased respectively by 19.2% and 6.8%. This irrigation methods can satisfy the needs of tomato growth, different water elevations have different influence on tomato soil water status around crop rootzone, physiological characteristics and yield. It also harmonized the percentage between sugar and acid, increased the content of soluble protein and Vc, and made tomato more delicious. The irrigation methods can improve the quality of tomato by water control, which is worth promoting in the agricultural production.