Antibiograms and Molecular Subtypes of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Local Teaching Hospital, Malaysia
2009
Thong, Kwai Lin, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | Junnie, June, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | Liew, Fong Yin, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | Yusof, Mohd Yasim, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | Hanifah, Yasmin A., University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
The objectives of this study were to determine the antibiotypes, SCCmec subtypes, PVL carriage, and genetic diversity of MRSA strains from a tertiary hospital. Sixty-six MRSA strains were selected randomly (2003, 2004, and 2007) and tested for the Panton-Valentine leukocidin gene, mecA gene, and SCCmec type via a PCR. The antibiograms were determined using a standard disc diffusion method, and the genetic diversity of the isolates was determined by PFGE. Thirty-four antibiograms were obtained, with 55% of the 66 strains exhibiting resistance to more than 4 antimicrobials. All the isolates remained susceptible to vancomycin, and low resistance rates were noted for fusidic acid (11%), rifampicin (11%), and clindamycin acid (19%). The MRSA isolates that were multisensitive (n=12) were SCCmec type Ⅳ, whereas the rest (multiresistant) were SCCmec type Ⅲ. Only two isolates (SCCmec type Ⅳ) tested positive for PVL, whereas all the isolates were mecA-positive. The PFGE was very discriminative and subtyped the 66 isolates into 55 pulsotypes (F=0.31-1.0). The multisensitive isolates were distinctly different from the multidrug-resistant MRSA. In conclusion, no vancomycin-resistant isolate was observed. The Malaysian MDR MRSA isolates were mostly SCCmec type Ⅲ and negative for PVL. These strains were genetically distinct from the SCCmec type Ⅳ strains, which were sensitive to SXT, tetracycline, and erythromycin. Only two strains were SCCmec Ⅳ and PVL-positive. The infections in the hospital concerned were probably caused by multiple subtypes of MRSA.
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