Transmission of n+1 gametes and obtaining of two bisomic addition lines of flowering chinese cabbage-chinese kale | 菜薹-芥蓝单体异附加系n+1配子传递及两个二体异附加系的获得

Китайский. 【目的】研究菜薹-芥蓝单体异附加系n+1配子传递,为其在基因定位和遗传改良上的应用奠定基础。【方法】通过观察和统计各单体异附加系减数分裂后期Ⅱ10/10/11/11分离的PMCs,估算n+1配子的形成频率;通过鉴定回交子代植株的染色体数目,测定各单体异附加系n+1配子的传递率;从单体异附加系的自交子代中筛选二体异附加系。【结果】依据减数分裂后期Ⅱ10/10/11/11分离的PMCs比率估算,各单体异附加系n+1雄配子的形成频率在36.85%―45.15%;基于染色体数目鉴定,各单体异附加系n+1雄配子的传递率在7.14%―14.81%,雌配子在19.70%―36.51%;在一定范围内,n+1配子传递率与n+1配子形成频率、染色体大小、花粉量和花粉生活力没有显著的相关性;从自交子代中获得了两个不同的二体异附加系。【结论】菜薹-芥蓝各单体异附加系的额外染色体通过雌、雄配子均能进行传递,但传递率因不同的附加系而异;从单体异附加系的自交子代中可以分离出遗传性稳定的二体异附加系。

Английский. 【Objective】 Transmission of the n+1 gametes of flowering Chinese cabbage-Chinese kale monosomic alien addition lines was studied in order to lay a basis for application of the gene localization and genetic improvement. 【Method】 The frequencies of n+1 gamete formation in different monosomic addition lines were assessed by a rate of PMCs with 10/10/11/11 segregation at anaphase Ⅱ. The transmission rates were determined by examining the chromosome number of plants derived from the populations of the different monosomic addition lines crossed with the flowering Chinese cabbage, respectively. The bisomic addition lines were selected from the selfing populations of the monosomic addition lines. 【Result】 The frequencies of n+1 male gamete formation in different monosomic addition lines were 36.85%-45.15%. The transmission frequencies of the monosomic addition lines varied from 7.14% to 14.81% for male gametes and from 19.07% to 36.51% for female gametes. There were no obvious associations of the n+1 gamete transmission rates with the n+1 gamete formation rates, chromosome size, pollen amount and pollen viability. Two different bisomic addition lines of the flowering Chinese cabbage-Chinese kale were identified from the selfing populations of the monosomic addition lines. 【Conclusion】 The extra chromosome of the flowering Chinese cabbage-Chinese kale monosomic addition lines can be transmitted by both female gametes and male gametes, but the transmission rates varied with the different monosomic addition lines, and the bisomic addition lines can be obtained from the selfing progeny of the monosomic addition lines.