Effects of light spectral energy distribution on growth and development of tomato seedlings | 不同光谱能量分布对番茄幼苗生长发育的影响

Китайский. 【目的】探讨不同光谱能量分布对番茄幼苗生长发育的影响,为番茄工厂化育苗的光环境调控提供理论依据。【方法】采用LED调制并获取6种不同光谱能量分布的光源,以镝灯为对照,在AGRI-LED植物培养系统内培育番茄幼苗,其它环境因子保持一致。在幼苗期测定植株株高、茎粗、叶面积等形态指标以及根系活力、糖氮物质、叶片抗氧化酶活性等生理指标,并观察叶片下表皮气孔特性。【结果】蓝光、红蓝光组合及红蓝绿光组合处理的幼苗植株矮壮、比叶面积小,根冠比及壮苗指数高,红光处理与之相反。复合光谱有利于幼苗的生长和形态建成;单一红光、黄光或绿光处理引起幼苗徒长,添加蓝光能够抑制这种效应。蓝光处理的幼苗总可溶性糖、总游离氨基酸含量以及干样质量均显著高于其它处理;红蓝绿光组合处理的幼苗根系活力、总淀粉含量最高;红蓝光组合处理的叶片光合速率及可溶性蛋白含量最高而且有利于糖氮物质在叶、茎、根中的均衡分布。蓝光、红蓝光组合、红蓝绿光组合处理的幼苗叶片的气孔密度较高,气孔面积及单位叶面积气孔面积较大;黄光处理的幼苗总的蔗糖含量虽然较高,但其它各项指标都较小,不利于幼苗生长发育。【结论】蓝光、红蓝组合光及红蓝绿组合光有利于樱桃番茄幼苗的生长发育并能降低能耗成本。

Английский. 【Objective】 Effects of different light spectral energy distributions on growth and development of tomato was studied in order to provide theoretic references for the commercial production of seedlings. 【Method】 The dysprosium lamp used as a control light source, six kinds of spectra were obtained by using light-emitting diode(LED). Tomato seedlings were grown in AGRI-LED plants cultivation system where other environmental factors were the same. Morphological parameters such as plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and physiological parameters such as root activity, content of sugar and nitrogen, enzyme activities of leaves were studied at seeding stage. At the same time, the stomata traits on leaf subsurface were observed. 【Result】 Plants under blue light, combinations of light (RB, RBG) treatment grown stronger and had a larger root-shoot ratio and also had smaller specific leaf area, but the red light had the opposite effect. Combinations of light benefited the growth and morphogenesis of seedlings. Monochrome red, yellow and green light induced seedling spindling and blue light inhibited the effects. Under blue light treatment, plants exhibited the highest total soluble sugar content, total amino acid content, and the dry weight was also the largest. The root activity and total starch content of tomato under the combinations of light (RBG) treatment was the highest. The combination of light (RB) made the leaves show highest photosynthetic rate and enzyme activity and accelerated carbon and nitrogen balanced distribution in leaves, crowns and roots. Meanwhile, the density of stomata of tomato leaves was higher and the area of stomata, stomata area per unit leaf area was larger under blue light and the combinations of light (RB, RBG). Though the total sucrose of tomato in yellow light treatment was the highest, but other kinds of indexes were smaller and it had unfavorable effect on growth and development of seedling. 【Conclusion】 It is concluded that blue light or the combinations of light (RB, RBG) benefit the growth and development of tomato seedling.