Effects of astragalus, angelica, rhodiola on the growth performance and some physiological functions of weaning piglets | 黄芪、红景天、当归对断奶仔猪生长性能及相关生理机能影响的比较

Китайский. 目的比较黄芪、红景天、当归对断奶仔猪生长性能及相关生理机能的影响，探讨中药防治仔猪断奶应激的作用机理。方法选择身体健康、状态良好、平均体重在（10.07±0.21）kg的杜×长×大三元杂交断奶仔猪180头，随机分成10组（每组3个重复，每个重复6头仔猪）。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，其它各组在饲喂基础饲粮的基础上添加0.5%、1%、1.5%黄芪和0.5%、1%、1.5%红景天及0.5%、1%、1.5%当归，试验期共14 d。结果与对照组相比：1）饲粮中添加1%黄芪、1.5%红景天、1.5%黄芪可使仔猪末重（P＜0.01、P＜0.05、P＜0.05）、平均日增重（P＜0.01、P＜0.01、P＜0.01）和平均日采食量（P＜0.05、P＜0.05、P＜0.05）显著提高；添加1%黄芪、1.5%红景天可使仔猪料重比显著降低（P＜0.05、P＜0.05）。2）1%黄芪组、1.5%红景天组在试验第7天（P＜0.01、P＜0.05）和第14天（P＜0.05、P＜0.05）均有显著降低仔猪血清NO含量的效果；而1%黄芪组、1.5%红景天组、1.5%黄芪组和1.5%当归组在试验第7天（P＜0.01、P＜0.05、P＜0.05、P＜0.05）和第14天（P＜0.01、P＜0.01、P＜0.05、P＜0.05）均有显著提高仔猪血清GSP-Px活性的作用。3）1%黄芪组、1.5%红景天组和1.5%当归组有显著提高红细胞总数的效果（P＜0.01、P＜0.05、P＜0.05），1%黄芪组提高仔猪血红蛋白含量的作用显著（P＜0.05），1%黄芪组、1.5%红景天组、1.5%黄芪组和1.5%当归组均有显著提高白细胞总数的作用（P＜0.01、P＜0.05、P＜0.05、P＜0.05），1%黄芪组、1.5%红景天组和1.5%当归组提高淋巴细胞比率的作用显著（P＜0.05、P＜0.05、P＜0.05），1%黄芪组和1.5%红景天组可使单核细胞比率显著提高（P＜0.05、P＜0.05）。结论饲料中添加适量的黄芪、红景天和当归对断奶仔猪抗氧化力、血常规等相关生理机能均有不同程度的改善促进作用，从而改善机体健康水平，促进仔猪生长，其中1%黄芪组效果最明显，1.5%红景天效果较明显、1.5%当归效果相对最弱。

Английский. Objective This study was designed to investigate the effect of astragalus, angelica, rhodiola on growth performance and physiological functions of weaned piglets, and to investigate the mechanism of Chinese traditional medicine on anti-EWS. Method Total of 180 crossbred (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) weaning piglets (BW=(10.07±0.21) kg), were selected and randomly divided into 10 groups for 2-week-trial. Group 1 was control group fed with basal diet, group 2, 3, 4 were experimental group fed with basal diet plus0.5%, 1%, 1.5% astragalus, group 5, 6,7 were fed with basal diet plus 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% rhodiola, group 8, 9, 10 were fed with basal diet plus 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% angelica. Result The results showed that: Comparing to the control group, 1)Supplementations with 1%,1.5% astragalus,1.5% rhodiola had the significantly beneficial effects in increasing absolute weight (P＜0.01, P＜0.05, P＜0.05), average daily gain (P＜0.01, P＜0.01, P＜0.01), average daily feed intakes (P＜0.05, P＜0.05, P＜0.05); supplementations with 1% astragalus,1.5% rhodiola had the significantly beneficial effects in decreasing the ratio of feed to gain (P＜0.05, P＜0.05). 2) Supplementations with 1.5% astragalus, 1.5% rhodiola had the significantly beneficial effects in decreasing the content of serum NO on the 7th day (P＜0.01, P＜0.05) and on the 14th day (P＜0.05, P＜0.05), supplementations with 1%, 1.5% astragalus, 1.5% rhodiola and 1.5% angelica had the significantly beneficial effects in increasing the activity of serum GSH-Px on the 7th day (P＜0.01, P＜0.05, P＜0.05, P＜0.05)and on the 14th day (P＜0.01, P＜0.05, P＜0.01, P＜0.05). 3) Supplementations with 1% astragalus, 1.5% rhodiola and 1.5% angelica had the significantly beneficial effects in increasing the red blood cell count (P＜0.01, P＜0.05, P＜0.05), supplementations with 1.5% astragalus had the significantly beneficial effects in increasing the blood hemoglobin content (P＜0.05), supplementations with 1%, 1.5% astragalus, 1.5% rhodiola and 1.5% angelica had the significantly beneficial effects in increasing the white blood cell count (P＜0.01, P＜0.05, P＜0.05, P＜0.05), supplementations with 1% astragalus, 1.5% rhodiola and 1.5% angelica had the significantly beneficial effects in increasing the lymphocytes percentage (P＜0.05, P＜0.05, P＜0.05), and supplementations with 1% astragalus, 1.5% rhodiola had the significantly beneficial effects in increasing the monocytes percentage (P＜0.05, P＜0.05). Conclusion From above results, it could be concluded that supplementations with astragalus, rhodiola and angelica had the significantly beneficial effects on increasing antioxidant ability, increasing growth performance and increasing physiological functions in weaned piglets, and 1% astragalus had the best effect, 1.5% rhodiola was better, the effect of 1.5% angelica was the least.