Study on comprehensive evaluation and influencing factors of information service in rural areas――based on the survey of village-level perspective in ningxia hui autonomous region | 农村信息服务综合评价及影响因素研究――基于宁夏回族自治区村级视角的调研分析

Китайский. 目的农村信息服务体系的建立是一个系统工程，受到国情、地域特征、农村经济社会发展等多种因素影响。论文对宁夏回族自治区农村信息服务模式的适应性效果进行了综合评价，并分析了农村信息服务影响因素，以期明确农村信息服务运行现状、效果以及关键因素，确定信息服务工作重点，探索新农村建设中农村信息服务可持续发展的体制机制。方法构建一套农村信息服务综合评价指标体系，将层次分析法和专家调查法相结合确定指标权重，并采用李克特量表进行测量和评价。对农村信息服务影响因素的确定主要采用多元线性回归模型，选取村GDP、农民文化素质、信息化投入、人均纯收入、网络入户率、信息化设备人均拥有量、信息化培训人次7个因素进行拟合分析。结果样本村的信息服务总体水平较好，调查农户对信息服务法律及政策保障、信息服务内容比较满意，而对信息接受能力、信息资源建设等评价一般。农村信息服务主要与农民文化素质、村信息化投入、农户信息设备拥有情况和信息培训有关，村GDP、人均纯收入和网络入户率对其影响不显著。信息化投入越多，农民信息接受能力越强，信息服务效果越好。越是贫困落后地区，农民文化素质水平低下，信息服务效果越好。结论优化信息化发展环境是解决农村信息服务“最后一公里”的关键，信息服务在贫穷落后地区发挥的作用和效果更大一些，而多元化的信息传播渠道将大大提升信息服务效果。政府应充分发挥其在农村信息服务体系建设中的主导作用，优化农村信息服务环境，加快实用、便携的信息终端普及推广，提高农民的信息意识和信息消费水平。

Английский. Objective The establishment of rural information service system is a systematic engineering which is influenced by various elements such as national conditions, regional characteristics, rural economic and social development. In order to understand the status quo，the effect and key influencing factors of rural information service, address the key working and then explore a mechanism of sustainable development for rural information service in new rural construction, this paper gives an analysis of the effect evaluation and influencing factors of rural information service patterns in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.MethodThe paper constructed a comprehensive evaluation index system for rural information service, combined with AHP and Delphi method to determine the index weight, then measured and evaluated it with Liken Scales. And what is more, it selected four factors for a fitting analysis like GDP, farmers’ culture quality, informatization input, net income per capita, network home rate, amount of information technology equipment per capita and information technology training person times seven factors of rural information service with the multiple linear regression model. Result The general level of information service was good from the sampled villages, farmers were satisfied with the content of information service and policy and legal guarantee. However, the evaluation on information capacities and construction of information resource were general according to these farmers. Rural information service was mainly relative to farmers culture quality, information input, amount of information technology equipment per capita and information technology training person times rather than GDP, net income per capita and network home rate. The more information input, the stronger the ability of farmers to accept the information, the better service effect. The more poverty backward area, the lower farmers’ culture quality got, the better effect of information service.ConclusionIt was found that optimizing development environment was a key to solve “Last One Kilometer” of information service in rural area, information service can further expand its functions and effects in poorer regions, and moreover diversifying channels for information dissemination would greatly enhance its effects. Government should fully play a leading role in construction of rural information service system, optimize development environment of information service and speed up the popularization of portable information terminals, meanwhile, farmers’ consciousness and consumption level of information were needed to be improved .