Formation des revenus et strategies de l' exploitation agricole dans les zones de montagne : le cas de Lansarine au Nord de la Tunisie.

Французский. Lansarine figure parmi les regions les plus difficiles et pauvres du Nord de la Tunisie. A l' origine, la zone etait essentiellement a vocation pastorale. Pourtant, la cerealiculture et l' arboriculture (l' olivier, en particulier) ont fortement progresse au detriment des parcours et de la foret. La region est dominee par la presence de la micro- et petite exploitation paysanne. La strategie de survie developpee par ces exploitations est souvent fondee sur un equilibre entre la diversification des systemes de production et la recherche de revenus exterieurs. Ces revenus proviennent essentiellement des chantiers de conservation des eaux et du sol et de l' emigration temporaire en ville du chef d' exploitation ou de certains membres de sa famille La perennite de la micro-exploitation, en particulier, depend plus des ressources exterieures que de la production agricole. Pour la petite et moyenne exploitation, ces ressources constituent un complement souvent indispensable afin d' assurer la perennite et parfois aussi l' amelioration du systeme exploitation-famille.

Английский. Lansarine is one the most difficult and the poorest regions of North Tunisia. Originally, this area had a pastoral vocation. However, cereal and tree cropping (olive tree, in particular) have greatly advanced to the detriment of the rangeland and forest. The region is dominated by the presence of miniature holding and smallholding. The survival strategy developed by the farms is often based on a balance between the diversification of production systems and the search for outside incomes. These incomes mainly derive from water storage and soil conservation works and from temporary migration of the farm manager or of some members of his family to the city. The micro-farm viability depends more on outside resources than on agricultural production. For small and medium-sized farms, these resources are often indispensable to ensure the viability and the improvement of the farm-family system.