Women in Agriculture in West Asia and North Africa : a review of literature
El-Fattal, Lamia
The paper provides an overview of the information available in a variety of published material on the topic of women in agriculture in West Asia, and North Africa (WANA). It examines the role of women in agriculture, and determines the extent of variability associated with their participation, despite scarce data, and limited subject studies. The review ultimately intends to: 1) consolidate information, so as to lay the patterns (commonalities, variation, and range), known thus far, of women's roles in agriculture; 2) assess the methodologies used to conduct gender-related studies; and, 3) suggest research, and technology development strategies which address constraints faced by women, and, provide ex ante analyses of the likely impact of proposed new technologies on women. The popular assumption that households are units of convergent interests is questioned, arguing technological change would bring a differential effect by gender within each class. The paper further summarizes gender related efforts, and, describes research activities, to provide an overview of WANA, within the agricultural environment, giving a critical analysis of the research methodologies employed, regarding factors influencing women's work in agriculture - wage differentials; land, and livestock ownership; and, institutional and technical issues.
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