On the statistical mapping of urban poverty and employment
WEBB, R.
The statistics required to define an urban poverty target group and to formulate objectives for that group are described. The general question of whether urban poverty can be reduced to a set of numerical indicators is considered. Three basic types of statistics: population data, a poverty line, and income distribution figures are reviewed. Based on studies in Peru and Malaysia, a preliminary employment profile of the urban poor reveals considerable diversity within countries and much similarity between countries. Major groups of poor are found in domestic service, agriculture, small-scale commerce and services, and craft manufacturing. Although a majority of the urban poor are in the small-scale sector, a surprising number are low paid employees in medium and large firms. A majority of the urban poor are in non-metropolitan urban areas. It is suggested that income improvements for the poor should involve relocation to higher income jobs in other economic sectors. In addition, there is an opportunity for redistribution of output and income within each subsector.
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