Evaluation of new cucumber cultivars grown in spring season under plastic tunnel | 黄瓜新品种春季大棚栽培评价

Китайский. 针对当地黄瓜生产品种单一的问题，筛选适宜春季塑料大棚栽培的黄瓜新品种。引进黄瓜新品种18个，在塑料大棚内进行春季栽培比较试验，从农艺性状、早熟性、产量和品质等方面综合评价。与津优10（CK1）相比，密刺型品种中，长势较强壮的有津优36、DL-22和津优38；各品种霜霉病普遍发生，但品种间病情指数有差异；第1雌花开放期相当或较早的有德瑞特、德尔LD-1、津优31、津优35、津优36、新超越、津优38、冬冠3号、德尔77、DL-22和津优32，早期产量显著较高的有津优38、博耐13B和津优36；25节内雌花数多但坐果率较低的有津优32、DL-22、德瑞特、其他津优系列和德尔LD-1；单瓜质量较大的有津优39、博耐13B和津优38；总产量较高的有博耐13B、DL-22、津优38、津优32和博耐13K；可溶性糖含量比CK1高过10%的有博耐13K、德尔LD-1、津优31、新超越、德尔1-2、津优35、津优36、DL-22和津优38，博耐13K的蛋白质含量稍高，博耐13K、津优35和津优38的Vc含量相近或稍高；冬冠3号口感有涩味，德尔77和津优39果味稍淡，德尔LD-1果肉紧。与戴多星（CK2）相比，水果型品种北斗星长势较好，熟性偏晚，早期产量低，但总产量和果实含糖量较高，商品性和其他内在品质与CK2相近。在杨凌地区春季大棚栽培中，可以示范推广密刺型品种津优38和博耐13B；水果型黄瓜丰产优质栽培中可选北斗星。

Английский. The experiment was conducted to screen cucumber new cultivars for spring cultivation under plastic tunnel to solve the shortage of new cultivasr in cucumber production at Yangling. 18 new cultivars were introduced and planted in plastic tunnel during spring season, and their agronomic traits,earlyness,yield and quality were evaluated. Among the thick-thorn type cultivars, Jinyou 10(CK1),Jinyou 36,DL-22 and Jinyou 38 grew higher and stronger compared to the control. Dony mildew disease widely spread but differences in disease index among cultivars were found.The first female flower blossomed close to or earlier in Derit, Deer LD-1, Jinyou 31, Jinyou 35, Jinyou 36, New Outreach, Jinyou 38, Dongguan 3, Deer 77, DL-22 and Jinyou 32. The early yield was significantly higher in Jinyou 38, Bonai 13B and Jinyou 36. There were more female flowers in 25 nodes but lower fruit set rates in Jinyou 32, DL-22, Derit, the other cultivars of Jinyou set, and Deer LD-1.The weight of single fruit was higher in Jinyou 39,Bonai 13B and Jinyou 38.The total yield was higher in Bonai 13B, DL-22, Jinyou 38, Jinyou 32 and Bonai 13K. The content of soluble sugar in fruit was over 10% higher in Bonai 13K, Deer LD-1, Jinyou 31, New Outreach, Deer 1-2, Jinyou 35, Jinyou 36, DL-22 and Jinyou 38. The protein content in fruit of Bonai 13K was higher and the vitamin C content in fruit of Bonai 13K, Jinyou 35 and Jinyou 38 was close or higher. The fruit tasted harsh in Dongguan 3, lighter in Deer 77 and Jinyou 39, and tighter in flesh of Deer LD-1. Compared to the control Deltasta (CK2), the fruit type cultivar Dipper grew higher and stronger, the total yield and fruit sugar content were significant higher and commodity and the other inner quality were similar., but it matured later and early yield was significant lower. The cultivars Jinyou 38 and Bonai 13B are recommended as the thick-thorn type to demonstrate and grow in spring season in Yangling area under plastic tunnel, and cultivar Dipper can be planted as a fruit-type to demonstrate in cultivation emphasing yielding ability and quality.