Effects of allelochemicals on seed germination and seedling antioxidant enzyme activity of Chenopodium album | 化感物质对白藜种子萌发及抗氧化物酶活性的影响

Китайский. 白藜（Chenopodium album）是小麦（Triticum aestivum）和其他耕地作物以及果园里常见杂草，试验选用阿魏酸、香草酸、可可碱、茶碱、木樨草素、槲皮黄素6种化感物质，通过对白藜种子萌发、幼苗生长及抗氧化酶活性的影响进行化感作用研究，为其生物防治提供理论指导。结果表明：6种化感物质对白藜种子萌发、幼苗生长及抗氧化物酶活性有明显的影响，这种影响效应与化感物质的种类及浓度明显相关。当6种化感物质的浓度为1mmol/L时，除香草酸与可可碱外，其余均使白藜种子萌发受到抑制,其中茶碱、槲皮黄素和木樨草素表现出显著的抑制作用（P0.05）；而6种化感物质在较低浓度下，均促进了白藜的种子萌发。随着阿魏酸、茶碱、槲皮黄素和木樨草素4种化感物质浓度的增加，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）与过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性表现出先增加后降低的趋势，当浓度为1mmol/L时，对幼苗体内SOD和CAT有一定的抑制作用；而过氧化物酶（POD）活性除木樨草素外表现出相反的趋势，1mmol/L的阿魏酸、茶碱和槲皮黄素对POD有明显的促进作用。

Английский. Chenopodium album is a common weed of wheat and other arable crops. Ferulic acid, vanillic acid, theobromine, theophylline, luteolin and quercetin are used to test their allelopathic effects on seed germination, seedling growth and antioxidant enzyme activity of C.album. The present study provides theoretical guidance for the biological control of C.album. Results show that six allelochemicals have significant allelopathic effects on seed germination, seedling growth and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The effects are obviously related with the concentration and species of allelochemicals. Seed germination of C.album is significantly inhibited under 1 mmol/L of tested allelochemicals except vanillic acid and theobromine, while seed germination is promoted at lower concentrations. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities initially have an increasing tendency, followed by a decreasing trendency. Peroxidase (POD) activity shows an opposite trendency with allelochemical (ferulic acid, theophylline, quercetin and luteolin) concentrations increasing. Ferulic acid, theophylline, quercetin and luteolin at 1 mmol/L obviously reduce SOD and CAT activities, while significantly increase POD activity except luteolin.