Effect of drought stress on different wheat varieties
2015
Anwar, H.
Wheat (Triticum spp.) is one of the most important and fundamental crop used as a source of food all over the world. It is the third most cultivated cereal, having lofty nutritive value and second largest cultivated crop in the world. It is grown in Pakistan in almost in every area. It is the principal source of food. It provides 20% proteins to humans. It belongs to the family Poaceae. However, its production is limited due to some biotic and abiotic stresses. Drought is one of the important stresses which decrease the wheat yield. A pot experiment was conducted in the Botanical Garden of University of Agriculture Faisalabad. Three varieties of wheat (SH-95, Punjab-2011 and Galaxy-2013) were grown in pots under drought conditions. Drought stress was applied by withholding water up to 60% of field capacity. Under drought stress conditions, the physiological and morphological processes were also affected. Chlorophyll content decreases which indicate oxidative stress that result in degradation of chlorophyll contents. The process of Photosynthesis was also affected under drought stress. The shoot and root growth of wheat decreased under drought stress. A completely randomized design along with three replicates was applied. Various physiological characteristics (such as relative water contents, fresh and dry biomass, osmotic potential, chlorophyll content, carotenoids and proline) were recorded to observe the effect of drought on these wheat varieties. The variety showing tolerance to drought stress was selected.
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